Echthrodelphax R. Perkins, 1903

Xu, Zaifu, Olmi, Massimo & He, Junhua, 2013, Dryinidae of the Oriental region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 3614 (1), pp. 1-460 : 341

16. Genus Echthrodelphax R. Perkins, 1903

Echthrodelphax R. Perkins 1903: 36 ; Kieffer in Kieffer & Marshall 1906: 489, 493; Kieffer 1914b: 16; Richards 1939: 188; Chandra 1980c: 192; Olmi 1984: 1140; Olmi 1993b: 78, 79; Olmi 1995g: 5; Olmi 1996b: 179; Olmi 1999a: 220; He & Xu 2002: 300; Moya-Raygoza & Olmi 2010: 99.

Pterogonatopus Abdul-Nour 1976: 275 (synonymized by Olmi, 1984); type species: Pterogonatopus hortusensis Abdul-Nour 1976 , by monotypy.

Type species. Echthrodelphax fairchildii R. Perkins, 1903 , by monotypy.

Diagnosis. Female: fully winged ( Plate 100A, B ); rarely brachypterous (only in one specimen of E. rufus Olmi from China, Guangdong, Yunjishan Nature Reserve); palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; antenna with rhinaria; pronotum crossed by strong transverse furrow ( Plate 100A ); notauli complete ( Plate 100A ); enlarged claw with one subapical tooth and one row of lamellae ( Plates 100C , 102C, D ); segment 5 of protarsus with less than 15 medial lamellae ( Plates 100C , 102C, D ); tibial spurs 1/0/1. Male: fully winged ( Plate 101A, B ); head with distinct complete occipital carina; occiput concave; temple present; palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; tibial spurs 1/ 1/2.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Hosts. Delphacidae ( Guglielmino & Olmi, 1997, 2006).

World species. Twelve species are known, three in the Oriental region.

Key to the species

Females

1. Fore wing with two brown transverse bands; body completely testaceous, with petiole black and metasoma darkened................................................................................................. E. rufus Olmi

- Fore wing hyaline, without dark transverse bands, or with one brown transverse band; mesosoma partly black............ 2

2. Scutum black; ocellar triangle usually without median keel, rarely with incomplete median keel..... E. fairchildii R. Perkins

- Scutum testaceous-reddish; ocellar triangle with complete median keel.............................. E. laotianus Olmi

Males

1. Notauli complete, posteriorly joint; dorsal process of paramere pointed, short, distinctly developed ( Plate 102A ); labial palpi 2- segmented......................................................................... E. fairchildii R. Perkins

- Notauli complete, posteriorly distinctly separated; dorsal process of paramere fold-shaped ( Plate 102B, E, F ); labial palpi 3- segmented........................................................................................... 2

2. Fold of paramere strongly developed ( Plate 102B ); paramere without sense organs ( Plate 102B ).......... E. laotianus Olmi

- Fold of paramere less developed ( Plate 102E, F ); paramere with numerous sense organs ( Plate 102F )......... E. rufus Olmi

Figures

PLATE 100. Echthrodelphax fairchildii. A, B. Female in dorsal view (A) and lateral view (B). Length 2.5 mm. C. Chela of female from Japan. Scale bar 0.16 mm for C. (From Olmi 1984)

PLATE 101. Echthrodelphax fairchildii, males from Hawaii, Oahu, Ewa (from Olmi 1984). Length 1.8 mm. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view.

PLATE 102. A, B, E, F. Male genitalia. C, D. Chelae. A. Echthrodelphax fairchildii from Hawaii (from Olmi 1984). B, C. E. laotianus from Thailand (from Olmi 1998e). C. E. laotianus, holotype (from Olmi 1984). D. E. rufus, paratype (arolium removed) (from Olmi 1984). E, F. E. rufus from China, paramere in ventral side (E) and dorsal view (F) (from Olmi 1995a). Scale bar 0.13 mm for A, 0.08 mm for B, 0.14 mm for C, 0.11 mm for D, E and F.