Calcinus tibicen ( Herbst, 1791 )

Lima, Daniel, Tavares, Marcos & Jr, Joel Braga De Mendonça, 2019, Paguroids (Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae and Paguridae) of the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, off southeast Brazil, with new records, description of three new species and zoogeographical notes, Zootaxa 4694 (1), pp. 1-63 : 7-11

Calcinus tibicen ( Herbst, 1791)

( Fig. 3 A–D)

Cancer tibicen Herbst, 1791: 25 , pl. 23, fig. 7; Stimpson 1858: 72; Rankin 1900: 533, pl. 17, fig. 1; Schmitt 1935: 198, fig. 60a, b; Provenzano 1959: 363, fig. 4; 1960: 120; 1961: 152; Forest & de Saint Laurent 1968: 106; Narchi & Hebling 1972: 67, fig. 1; Sánchez & Campos 1978: 22, fig. 5; Coelho & Ramos-Porto 1986: 52; Campos & Lemaitre 1994: 147, figs. 1c–4c, 5d, 6c, 7c, f, I; Rieger 1998: 422; Melo 1999: 42, fig. 2; Souza & Serejo 2007: 341, fig. 2; Almeida et al. 2010: 335; McLaughlin et al. 2010: 19; Lemaitre & Tavares 2015: 453, tab. 1; Tavares et al. 2017: 171, tab. 1; Poupin 2018: 154.

Pagurus tibicen .— Bosc 1802: 78.

Pagurus sulcatus H. Milne Edwards, 1836: 279 ; 1848: 64.

Calcinus sulcatus .— Stimpson 1858: 72; Smith 1869: 17, 39; Rathbun 1900: 144; Verril 1900: 578; Benedict 1901 a: 141, pl. 5, figs. 3, 3a; Moreira 1901: 27, 86; 1920: 132; Verril 1908: 439, figs. 56, 57, pl. 28, fig. 7.

Calcinus formosus Neumann, 1878: 31 ; Alcock 1905: 164; Gordan 1956: 304; Morgan 1991: 907.

Trindade and Martin Vaz specimens. 2 males ( MZUSP 36068 ), Brazil, Espírito Santo, Martin Vaz , 20°28’26.98”S, 28°51’20.98”W, C.H. Guimarães coll., 22.i.2012, SCUBA, 19.2 m ; 2 males ( MZUSP 36135 ), idem, Praia dos Andradas , 20°30’45.7”S, 29°18’21.9”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 24.vii.2013, SCUBA, 12.3 mm ; 1 female ( MZUSP 36163 ), Brazil, Espírito Santo, Trindade Island, Ponta Norte , 20°29’18.7”S, 29°20’18.3”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 23.vi.2016, SCUBA, 11.3 m ; 2 males, 1 female ( MZUSP 36084 ), idem, Ponta Norte , 20°29’18.7”S, 29°20’18.3”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 23.vi.2016, SCUBA, 11.3 m ; 4 males, 3 females, 2 ovigerous females ( MZUSP 36062 ), idem, Enseada Crista do Galo , 20°29’08.7”S, 29°20’10.7”W, C.H. Guimarães coll. 07.ii.2012, SCUBA, 22.2 m ; 3 males, 1 female ( MZUSP 36170 ), idem, Crista do Galo , 20°29’22.1”S, 29°20’03.1”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 17.vii.2012, SCUBA, 2.5 m ; 1 male, 1 female ( MZUSP 36088 ), idem, Praia dos Cabritos , 20°29’32.0”S, 29°19’46.5”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 14.vi.2012, SCUBA, 9.4 m ; 2 males, 1 female ( MZUSP 36127 ), idem, Enseada das Orelhas, 20°29’32.3”S, 29°20’32.6”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 25.vi.2012, SCUBA, 14.9 m ; 1 female ( MZUSP 36169 ), idem, Enseada de Orelhas , 20°29’40.2”S, 29°20’32.9”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 06.vii.2013, SCUBA, 14 m ; 3 males, 1 female, 6 ovigerous females ( MZUSP 36118 ), idem, Enseada das Orelhas, 20°29’40.2”S, 29°20’32.9”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 01.viii.2015, SCUBA, 8.9 m ; 9 male, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36120 ), idem, Enseada das Orelhas, 20°29’40.2”S, 20°20’32.9”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 01.viii.2015, SCUBA, 8.9 m ; 3 males, 2 females ( MZUSP 36063 ) idem, Ponta do Monumento , 20°30’10.3”S, 29°20’36.1”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 02.iv.2014, SCUBA, 8.4 m ; 1 male ( MZUSP 36087 ), idem, Enseada das Orelhas, Simone et al., coll., 24.vii.2011 ; 7 males, 3 females, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36108 ), idem, Enseada das Orelhas, J.B. Mendonça coll., 01.viii.2015, SCUBA, 8.9 m ; 1 male, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36119 ), idem, Laje Enseada Noroeste , 20°29’51.0”S, 29°20’44.3”W, C.H. Guimarães coll., 14.ii.2012, SCUBA, 20 m ; 1 male, 2 females ( MZUSP 36104 ), Laje da Ponta Noroeste , 20°29’57.8”S, 29°20’39.2”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 09.vii.2012, SCUBA, 17.7 m ; 1 male ( MZUSP 36064 ), idem, Enseada dos Portugueses, stn Farol , 20°29’52.3”S, 29°19’15.6”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 20.v.2014, SCUBA, 13.1 m ; 1 female ( MZUSP 36171 ), idem, Enseada dos Portugueses, stn Farol , J.B. Mendonça coll., 08.vii.2015, artificial reef substrate ; 2 females ( MZUSP 36076 ), idem, Enseada dos Portugueses, stn Farol , 20°29’52.3”S, 29°19’15.6”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 24.vi.2016, SCUBA, 11.3 m ; 1 male, 2 females ( MZUSP 36130 ), idem, Enseada dos Portugueses, stn Farol , 20°29’52.3”S, 29°19’15.6”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 10.vii.2012, SCUBA, 13.2 m ; 2 females ( MZUSP 36123 ), idem, Enseada dos Portugueses, stn SECON, 20°30’20.9”S, 29°18’43.7”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 18.vii.2013, SCUBA, 12.2 m ; 2 males, 2 females, 2 ovigerous females ( MZUSP 36103 ), Praia dos Portugueses, stn Rampa Nova , 20°30’17.7”S, 29°18’56.7”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 23.iv.2014, SCUBA, 10.7 m ; 1 male, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36092 ), idem, Ponta do Monumento , 20°30’10.3”S, 29°20’36.1”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 13.vii.2012, SCUBA, 8.1 m ; 1 male ( MZUSP 36082 ), idem, Ponta da Calheta , Abbate et al., coll., 23.vii.2011, SCUBA ; 1 male ( MZUSP 36078 ), idem, Ponta da Calheta , J.B. Mendonça coll., 03.viii.2015, SCUBA, 17.7 m ; 2 males ( MZUSP 36101 ), idem, Ponta da Calheta , 20°30’18.7”S, 29°18’31.6”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 20.v.2014, SCUBA, 16.3 m ; 1 male ( MZUSP 36098 ), idem, Praia da Calheta , stn ECIT, 20°30’19.5”S, 29°18’47.3”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 26.vi.2012, SCUBA, 14.3 m ; 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36093 ), idem, Praia da Calheta , stn SECON, 20°30’26.1”S, 29°18’44.2”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 03.vii.2012, SCUBA ; 2 males, 1 female ( MZUSP 36072 ), idem, Praia da Calheta , 20°30’29.5”S, 29°18’37.0”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 21.vi.2016, SCUBA, 12.5 m ; 1 female, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36106 ), idem, Praia da Calheta , 23°49’10.7”S, 29°24’17.6”W, V.S. Amaral & D. Abbate coll., 27.iii.2011 ; 3 males, 1 female, 3 ovigerous females ( MZUSP 36126 ), idem, Praia da Calheta , 20°30’29.5”S, 29°18’37.0”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 10.iv.2014, snorkeling, 5 m ; 2 males ( MZUSP 36125 ), idem, Ilha da Racha , 20°30’26.5”S, 29°20’48.0”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 13.vii.2012, SCUBA, 23.8 m ; 6 males, 1 female ( MZUSP 36107 ), idem, Enseada da Cachoeira, Praia do Eme , 20°30’55.6”S, 29°20’21.7”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 12.vii.2012, SCUBA ; 3 males, 1 female ( MZUSP 36131 ), idem, Enseada da Cachoeira , 20°30’57.1”S, 29°20’15.2”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 09.vii.2012, SCUBA, 13.8 m ; 1 male, 1 female, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36100 ), idem, Praia dos Andradas , 20°28’47.69”S, 29°18’24.03”W, L.R. Simone coll., 06.ii.2012 ; 1 male, 2 females ( MZUSP 36089 ), idem, Praia dos Andradas , 20°30’71.8”S, 29°18’24.7”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 17.vii.2013, SCUBA, 9.9 m ; 1 male, 2 females ( MZUSP 36166 ), idem, Praia das Tartarugas , 20°30’54.1”S, 29°18’18.2”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 05.vii.2013 ; 2 males ( MZUSP 36096 ), idem, stn Parcel , 20°31’01.3”S, 29°17’56.9”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 26.vi.2012, SCUBA, 9.5 m ; 2 males ( MZUSP 36111 ), idem, Parcel das Tartarugas, stn tide pool, 20°31’10.4”S, 29°17’58.4”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 19.vi.2016, intertidal and snorkeling, 1.0 m ; 1 juvenile ( MZUSP 39876 ), idem, stn tide pool, 20°31’10.4”S, 29°17’58.4”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 02.ii.2019, snorkeling, 0.5 m ; 1 juvenile ( MZUSP 39877 ), idem, stn tide pool, 20°31’10.4”S, 29°17’58.4”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 15.xi.2017, 1.0 m ; 2 males, 4 females, 11 juveniles ( MZUSP 36164 ), idem, Praia do Parcel , 20°31’11.4”S, 29°18’00.6”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 15.vii.2012, snorkeling ; 3 females, 1 male ( MZUSP 36091 ), idem, Praia do Príncipe, 20°31’20.1”S, 29°18’34.7”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 19.vi.2012, SCUBA, 12.2 m ; 3 males, 1 female ( MZUSP 36117 ), idem, Enseada do Príncipe, stn Pedra da Garoupa , 20°31’35.5”S, 29°18’34.0”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 16.vii.2013, SCUBA, 10.4 m ; 8 males, 5 females ( MZUSP 36133 ), idem, Enseada da Cachoeira, Farrilhões , 20°31’22.4”S, 29°19’52.0”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 09.vii.2013, SCUBA, 10.4 m ; 16 males, 7 females ( MZUSP 36109 ), idem, Enseada da Cachoeira, Farrilhões , 20°31’22.4”S, 29°19’52.0”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 20.vi.2012, SCUBA, 11.8 m ; 1 male, 1 female, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36136 ), idem, Enseada da Cachoeira, stn Farrilhões , 20°31’22.4”S, 29°19’52.0”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 25.x.2014, SCUBA, 10.7 m ; 1 female, 1 male ( MZUSP 36162 ), idem, Praia do Lixo, stn Paredão , 20°31’29.8”S, 29°19’43.9”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 22.iv.2014, SCUBA, 14.5 m ; 1 male ( MZUSP 36116 ), idem, Enseada do Lixo , 20°31’29.8”S, 29°19’43.9”W, J.B. Mendonça coll., 02.vii.2012, SCUBA, 25 m ; 1 male ( MZUSP 36075 ), idem, Enseada do Lixo , 20°31’43.5”S, 29°19’28.1”W, C.H. Guimarães coll., 17.ii.2012, SCUBA, 23 m .

Comparative material examined. Calcinus tibicen : 5 males, 4 females, 1 juvenile ( MZUSP 28061 ), Barbados, Christ Church, Turtle Beach , 13°04’30.77”N, 59°36’16.88”W, L.R.L Simone et al. coll., 13.x.2012, snorkeling, 0–1.0 m ; 1 male (28067), Grenada, Grand Anse Bay , 12°01’45.68”N, 61°46’18.67”W, L.R.L. Simone et al .

coll., 08.x.2012, SCUBA, 0–10 m; 6 males, 1 ovigerous female (29753), Costa Rica, Puerto Viejo , 9°39’28”N, 82°45’20”W, G. Guzmán coll., 13.vii.2013 , intertidal; 1 male ( MZUSP 13894 ), Brazil, Pernambuco, Fernando de Noronha, Praia do Meio, Simone & Souza coll., 22.vii.1999 ; 1 male, 7 ovigerous females ( MZUSP 17712 ), Brazil, Bahia, Abrolhos, W. Narchi coll., ix.1965 ; 4 males, 3 ovigerous females ( MZUSP 7028 ), Brazil, Bahia, Abrolhos, Ilha Redonda , P. Young coll., 21.i.1985 ; 1 male ( MZUSP 34990 ), Brazil, Ceará, Fortaleza, Meireles rock beach, Anker & Feitosa coll., 15.vi.2011 ; 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 29139 ), Brazil, Espírito Santo, Piúma , 20°50’57.8”S, 40°28’25.3”W, A. Jório coll., 28.iii.2010, 21.5 m ; 2 males ( MZUSP 33644 ), Brazil, Espírito Santo, Guarapari, Praia do Ermitão , R.C. Marques coll., 18.vii.2008 ; 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 36746 ), Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Baía de Guanabara, Forte de Santa Cruz , BIOPLAT-BG coll., 05.i.2001 ; 2 males ( MZUSP 8666 ), Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Praia de Itaipú , W. Vergara coll., 10.i.1987 , 2 m; 3 males ( MZUSP 12991 ), Brazil, São Paulo, São Sebastião , Saco Grande ; 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 25036 ), Brazil, São Paulo, Ilha Bela, Praia do Portinho , 23°49’S, 45°23’W, E.P. Gonçalves et al. coll., 26–27.ii.2015, 0–3 m ; 5 males ( MZUSP 9431 ), Brazil, Santa Catarina, Praia da Armação , W.L. Vergara coll., 16.vi. 1986 , 1 m; 2 males ( MZUSP 35066 ), Brazil, Santa Catarina, 03.xi.2011 .

Type locality. Unknown (see Schmitt 1935).

Distribution. Bermuda, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Antilles, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil (from Ceará to Santa Catarina. Oceanic islands: Fernando de Noronha ( Nucci & Melo 2015), Rocas Atoll ( Paiva et al. 2007) and Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, present study).

Remarks. Forty-five species are currently attributed to Calcinus , 35 of which are from the Indo-West Pacific, four from the eastern Pacific, three from the eastern Atlantic, and three from the western Atlantic ( Poupin & Bouchard 2006; Malay et al. 2018). The specimens from TMV are assigned to Calcinus tibicen on the basis of the smooth upper margin of the right chela, whereas in the other two western Atlantic species, C. verrilli ( Rathbun, 1901) and C. urabaensis Campos & Lemaitre, 1994 , it is tuberculated or spinous. Additionally, in C. tibicen the posterior margin of the telson left lobe is provided with a single spine, whereas in C. verrilli and C. urabaensis it is armed with several spines.

Calcinus tibicen and the eastern Atlantic C. talismani A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1892 , superficially resemble each other in having the upper margin of the right chela smooth, and grooved P3 propodus, but can be easily disguished in that the dorsal margin of the P3 propodus is distinctly angulous in C. tibicen , whereas in C. talismani it is rounded (Poupin 2003).

Mandai et al. (2018a) considered the differences of color pattern among northeastern and southeastern Brazilian specimens of C. tibicen a case of polymorphism and, without further explanation, suggested that it “might be related to the kind of nutrition as well different ecological and evolutionary predation characteristics.” Later on, however, Mandai et al. (2018b), based on two mitochondrial markers, found that northwestern Atlantic specimens differed from northeastern and southeastern Brazilian coast specimens, despite the lack of morphological evidences to support each genetic group.

A number of sibling species in Calcinus can be split almost exclusively by color pattern (see for instance Poupin & Lemaitre 2003). Live coloration in C. tibicen can indeed vary dramatically, but color variants are found within the same population ( Fig. 3 ) and in a limited geographical area and, hence, do not match the genetic groups of Mandai et al. (2018b).

Figures

FIGURE 3. (A–D) Calcinus tibicen (Herbst, 1791) from Trindade Island. (A, B) male sl 6.0 mm (MZUSP 36122). (C) juvenile sl 2.0 mm (MZUSP 39876). (D) juvenile sl 3.0 mm (MZUSP 39877). Note the differences in color pattern between specimens. Photographs by A. Pol. Scale bars: A–C, 10 mm; D, 5.0 mm.