Anelaphus, Linsley, 1936

Nascimento, Francisco E. de L., 2018, Elaphidiini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the Neotropical Region: new species, updated key, new synonym, and new records, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 58 (1), pp. 177-185 : 181

Key to Anelaphus species from South America (modified and translated from MARTINS 2005)

1 Elytra with dense irregular areas with yellowish or whitish pubescence obscuring integument (Fig. 13). .............................................................................. 2

– Elytral pubescence evenly distributed, but may have small pubescent spots or glabrous punctures interspersed. .............................................................. 3

2 (1) Pronotum densely pubescent with two small gla- brous spots, or other shaped areas, anteriorly; antennae in both sexes may exceed elytral apex. Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Tarija), Paraguay, Argentina (Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, Chaco, Buenos Ai- res), Venezuela (Aragua). ........................................... ................................. A. cerussatus ( Newman, 1841)

– Pronotum moderately pubescent, without anterior glabrous spots; antennae in females not attaining elytral apex. Brazil (Bahia). ........................................ ........................... A. bravoi Galileo & Martins, 2010

3(1) Elytral apex rounded. ............................................... 4

– Elytral apex transverse or obliquely truncate ....... 5

4 (3) Elytral apex individually rounded. elytra with uni- form whitish pubescence. Colombia (Magdalena). ......................... A. sparsus Martins & Galileo, 2003

– Elytral apex rounded together and near the sutural angle slightly emarginate; elytral punctures sur- rounded by glabrous area. Bolivia (Santa Cruz). .... .................................. A. erakyra Galileo, Martins & Santos-Silva, 2015

5 (4) Elytra with small spots of whitish pubescence; French Guiana, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Maranhão). .......................................... ............................................ A. robi Hrabovsky, 1987 – Elytra without spots of whitish pubescence. ......... 6 6 (5) Antennae of females reach or exceed the elytral apex. Colombia (Antioquia). ..................................... .......................................... A. flavofasciatus sp. nov. – Antennae of females do not exceed the elytral apex. ........................................................................... 7

7(6) Frons with dense yellowish pubescence on most of its surface, in some areas obscuring the integument; pronotum with areas of dense yellowish pubescence. French Guiana, Brazil (Pará, Mato Grosso, Maranhão, Ceará, Alagoas, Sergipe, Paraíba, Pernambuco (Fernando de Noronha)), Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Paraguay, Argentina (Salta, Chaco). ............................................ A. souzai (Zajciw, 1964)

– Frons with yellowish pubescence restricted to the anterior margin of eye lobes. .................................. 8

8(7) Pronotumt densely pubescent; elytral setae very short. Colombia, Brazil (Maranhão). ........................ .................. A. colombianus Martins & Galileo, 2003

– Pronotum sparsely pubescent; elytral setae long, especially near apex. Panamá (Chiriquí), Costa Rica, Colombia (Magdalena). .............................................. ...................................... A. subseriatus (Bates, 1885 )

Remarks. MARTINS & GALILEO (2005) separated the latter two species as follows [translated]: “ Anelaphus colombi- anus sp.nov is similar to A. subseriatus (Bates, 1885) for which we have examined a specimen from Cundinamarca: Fusagasug (MCNZ). It differs in the antennae as long as the body (in both sexes); pronotum densely pubescent with narrow central band glabrous and punctures feebly visible only in the lateral glabrous areas and the elytral setae very short. In A. subseriatus (female) the antennae reach the elytral apex in posterior quarter; the pronotum is sparsely pubescent (allows you to see the punctures); the pronotal glabrous area is larger, shorter and reaches the middle of the pronotum; the elytral setae, especially near the apex, are longer than the pedicel”. The type series of A. colombianus is composed of a male (holotype) and a female; however, when examining what would be the paratype female, it turned out to be another male. In a female identified as A. colombianus (MZSP) the antennae are short (as in A. subseriatus ) and the other characteristics used to differentiate these species are variable and do not separate them. If these species can be differentiated, the characteristics used so far do not allow this; the two species will probably be synonymized.