Myzomorphus quadripunctatus (Gray, 1831)

Casari, Sônia A. & Nascimento, Francisco E. De L., 2019, Immature stages of American Prioninae Latreille, 1802: descriptions and phylogenetic considerations in Cerambycidae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera), Zootaxa 4568 (1), pp. 113-138 : 116-117

Myzomorphus quadripunctatus (Gray, 1831)

( Figs. 1–17 )

Description of larva (based on larval exuvia) ( Figs. 1–9 , 13–16 ). Head capsule: median frontal endocarina long, not reaching epistomal margin. Epistomal margin not projecting above anteclypeal base; additional carina above espistoma short and sinuous, present only laterally; three epistomal setae at each side; lateral epistomal seta behind a raised rounded carina; two setae at each side, inserted on dark spot, located behind epistomal setae. Stemmata absent. Antennae ( Figs. 3, 4 ) short, extensible, strongly sclerotized with 3 antennomeres: basal antennomere short, wider than long; median antennomere elongate and truncate apically, ventrally with four campaniform sensilla and three wide and short setae; dorsally with one campaniform sensillum, two setae, one moderately long and one short; apex of median antennomere with a flat elliptical sensorial appendix; distal antennomere reduced with one dorsal campaniform sensillum and three long and three short setae apically. Clypeus ( Fig. 1 ) band-shaped and membranous. Labrum ( Fig. 1 ) rounded soft and convex, sclerotized except at distal band; wide and long setae more concentrated near margins; two long setae near middle; several post-median campaniform sensillae. Epipharynx ( Fig. 2 ) densely covered by long setae directed to middle; basal region with short setae and many campaniform sensillae; basal half (tormae) with one transverse sclerite at each side. Mandibles ( Figs. 13–16 ) strongly sclerotized, symmetrical, wide; distal margin declivous, gouge-like; apical internal half with three inclined irregular keels; external face grooved parallel distal margin and irregularly rugose and with sparse yellowish setae on basal half. Maxillolabial complex ( Figs. 5, 6 ) partially membranous; submentum, maxillary articulating areas and cardines fused, forming basal part; maxillary articulating areas with long and short setae. Stipes with irregular, elongate brownish area mesobasally; several long setae, irregularly distributed; mala wide, rounded at apex, bearing an inclined sclerotized band; numerous long setae distributed on dorsal and ventral areas. Palpifer membranous with sclerotized ventral basal band, continuing dorsally; numerous long setae dorsal and ventrally distributed; ventrally bearing a pointed well-developed laterointernal membranous lobe with microspines (dorsolateral process of maxillary palpiger). Maxillary palpi trimerous; palpomeres sclerotized except distal band; basal palpomere transverse with one long seta and five campaniform sensillae dorsally, and ventrally, a band of microspines near apex; median palpomere elongate, one long seta and three campaniform sensillae dorsally, and ventrally, one lateral seta and a small band of microspines near apex; distal palpomere elongate, ventrally with one elongated and wide parallel-sided seta at external margin, one short seta near apex and several peg-shaped sensillae apically. Distal labium: mentum wider than long with lateral rounded margins; laterally, with several long setae sparsely distributed; median basal region with one pair of long setae; mentum fused to submentum, middle and two small basal patches sclerotized. Prelabium sclerotized at base, reaching palpiger; five long setae on palpiger; numerous wide setae distributed on entire area, including from between palpigers to ligula. Labial palpi dimerous and strongly sclerotized; basal palpomere almost as wide as long, with three ventral campaniform sensillae; distal palpomere elongate with peg-shaped sensilla at apex. Hypopharynx ( Fig. 69 ) with an anterior band of stout setae, interrupted at middle; distal third with many campaniform sensillae at middle; basal 2/3 elevated, with one elongated sclerite on each side and many microspines. Pronotum with, transverse, yellowish band and moderately long sparse ferruginous setae anteriorly. Thorax and abdomen membranous with sparse ferruginous, moderately long setae, denser laterally. Spiracles elliptical ( Fig. 8 ); abdominal spiracles smaller than thoracic; first abdominal spiracle larger than thoracic. Leg ( Fig. 9 ): coxae short, located distant from each other, separated by about seven times the leg length; partially sclerotized and 4-segmented: coxa short and wide; two long setae and two basal campaniform sensillae; femur robust, wider than long, with four long and one short seta near middle and three campaniform sensillae near base; tibiotarsus elongate with seven long setae; pretarsus elongate, glabrous and tuberculate. Abdomen with one retractile ambulatory ampulla dorsally and one ventrally; each ampulla divided by a transverse groove.

Description of pupa ( Figs. 10–12 ). Length: 20 mm. Coloration yellowish-white. Head visible from above; surface glabrous, except for sclerotized microspines, each with one seta at base; mouthparts glabrous. Antennae curved, reaching the ventrite II at apex.

Pronotum wider than long, glabrous, grooved longitudinally-medially; anterior margin prominent and emarginate at middle, forming two rounded lobes; lateral margins sinuous and narrowed at base. Mesonotum roundly grooved at base of each elytra; scutellum moderately prominent. Metanotum longer than mesonotum, grooved longitudinal median. Elytra and wings surpassing ventrite II ventrally. Abdominal segments band-like, increasing in width from I-IV and decreasing from V to apex; segments III–IV, widest; segments I–VI, each with a latero-dorsal projection with two or three microspines at apex (one larger), and three pairs of microspines near posterior margin (median pair larger); each microspine with one seta at base; segments II–V, with a welldeveloped, wide, sclerotized and curved spine at middle of posterior margin; segments III–VI slightly sclerotized and grooved in a triangular median basal area; segment VII with one well-developed triangular projection on each side, each with one well-developed, curved, sclerotized spine, and several microspines dispersed on distal third; segment VIII narrowed, with one lateral triangular projection near base, each with one microspine; segment IX with a pair of urogomphi with sclerotized apex; segment X bilobed ventrally. Functional spiracles laterally on tergites I–VI; VII–VIII closed and probably non-functional.

Material examined. BRAZIL. São Paulo: Salesópolis ( Estação Biológica de Boracéia ), 16-20.XI.2017, FEL Nascimento, 1 larva reared to adult (larval exuvium fixed) ( MZSP) .

Figures

FIGURES 1‒9. Myzomorphus quadripunctatus (Gray in Griffith, 1831). Larva: 1, epistoma, clypeus and labrum; 2, epipharynx; 3, 4, apex of antenna (ventral, dorsal); 5, 6, maxillolabial complex (ventral, dorsal); 7, maxillary palpus and palpifer (dorsal); 8, spiracle thoracic; 9, leg (prothoracic). Bars = 0.5 mm, except figures 3, 4, 7 = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 10‒17. Myzomorphus quadripunctatus (Gray in Griffith, 1831). Pupa: 10‒12 habitus (dorsal, lateral, ventral). Larva: 13-16, mandible (dorsal, ventral, external, internal). Adult: 17, habitus dorsal.

FIGURES 64‒72. Quercivir gounellei Lameere, 1912. Larva: 64, 65, apex of antenna (ventral, dorsal); 66, epistoma, clypeus and labrum; 67, epipharynx; 69, 70, maxillolabial complex (ventral, dorsal); 68, leg (prothoracic); 71, stemmata and antenna; 72, spiracle thoracic. Bars = 0.5 mm, except figures 64, 65, 68 = 0.1 mm.