Anillinus loweae Sokolov and Carlton

Sokolov, Igor M., Carlton, Christopher & Cornell, James F., 2004, Review of Anillinus, with Descriptions of 17 New Species and a Key to Soil and Litter Species (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae: Bembidiini), The Coleopterists Bulletin 58 (2), pp. 185-233 : 218-221

Anillinus loweae Sokolov and Carlton , new species

( Fig. 31 , Map figs. 40, 43)

Holotype ( USNM). Male labeled / USA: NC: Haywood Co., GSMNP, Cataloochee Divide Trail near Purchase, UTM 311819 E 3940339 N Carlton 17 July 2002 / LSAM0017493 / HOLOTYPE, Anillinus loweae Sokolov and Carlton , des. 2003 /.

Paratypes (154, all LSAM unless indicated otherwise). Twelve males and 7 females with the same locality data as holotype ( GRSM). Three males and 5 females labeled / USA: NC: Haywood Co., GSMNP, Cataloochee Divide Trail (north) UTM 313142 E 3942802 N moist upland berlese C. Carlton 23 July 2002 /; 2 males and 5 females labeled / USA: NC: Haywood Co., GSMNP, Cataloochee area , Rough Fork Trail (upper), UTM 305981 E 3940519 N, moist upland berlese C. Carlton 29 July 2002 /; 6 males and 4 females labeled / USA: NC: Haywood Co., GSMNP, Purchase Knob UTM 313124 E 3939640 N upland decid. berlese, elv. 5,089 ft C.Carlton 20 July 2002 / ( GRSM) ; 1 male labeled / USA: NC: Haywood Co., GSMNP, cabin - Purchase Knob UTM 312103 3939281, under hemlock in litter, P.Super 22 Jul 2002 / ( GRSM) ; 1 male labeled / USA: NC: Haywood Co., GSMNP, McKee Branch Trail 35835960N 838059W, ulm, in gilled fungus sample C. Carlton 14 July 2002 /; 1 male and 1 female labeled / USA, TN, Sevier Co., GSMNP, Chimneys Picnic Area Nature Trail , 838299450W 358389060N, elv. 891 m / forest litter berlese, 30 June 2001 , C.Carlton, A.Tishechkin, V. Moseley /; 1 male labeled / USA: TN: Sevier Co., GSMNP, Roaring Fork area , Rainbow Falls Trail , UTM 275540 E 3949710 N, moist cave berlese C. Carlton 1 Aug 2002 /; 3 males and 2 females labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., GSMNP, Collins Picnic Area , Quiet Walk UTM 287857 E 3938299 N C. Carlton 20 July 2002 /; 2 males labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., GSMNP, Deep Creek Trail (upper) UTM 280352 E 3942040 N moist upland berlese C. Carlton 22 July 2002 /; 2 males labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., GSMNP, Kanati Fork Trail UTM 284832 E 3939580 N moist upland berlese C. Carlton , N. Lowe 20 July 2002 /; 24 males and 11 females labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., GSMNP, Kanati Fork Trail UTM 284435 E 3939504 N moist upland berlese C. Carlton 22 July 2002 /; 6 males and 5 females labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., GSMNP, Quietwalk across from Kanati Fork Trailhead , UTM 285913 E 3940599 N, riparian area berlese C. Carlton 20 July 2002 /; 10 males and 1 female labeled / USA, NC, Swain Co., GSMNP, Flat Creek Tr. , 838109210W 358339010N/ elv. 1,500 m (this elevation in error), leaf litter berlese, 31 July 2001 , A.Tishechkin/; 3 males and 4 females labeled / USA, NC, Swain Co., GSMNP, Beech Gap Trail , 838129420W 358379390N/ elv. 1,100 m, 20 Oct 2001 , berlese, Carlton / Cline /; 2 males and 1 female labeled / USA, NC, Swain Co., GSMNP, Beech Gap Trail , 838129420W 358379390N/ elv. 1,400 m, 20 Oct 2001 , N. hardwood berlese, C.Carlton/; 7 males and 14 females labeled / USA: TN, Cocke Co., GSMNP, Albright Grove Trail , 838169450W 358449100N/ elv. 1,000 m, decid.berlese, 19 October 2001 , C.Carlton, A.Cline, A.Tishechkin/; 1 male and 5 females labeled / USA: TN: Cocke Co., GSMNP, Gabes Mountain Trail at Hen Wallow Fall , UTM 297649 E 3959487 N, moist forest berlese C. Carlton , N. Lowe 19 July 2002 /; 1 male and 2 females labeled / USA: TN, Cocke Co., GSMNP, Albright Grove Trail , 838169450W 358449100N/ elv. 1,000 m, old growth berlese, 29 June 2001 , C.Carlton, A.Tishechkin, V. Moseley /.

Additional Material (77). Four specimens labeled / USA: TN: Blount Co., Great Smoky Mt.N.P., S. of entrance, elv. 3,0809, leaf/log litter, 1. VI.1991, C.E.Carlton/; 4 specimens labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., GSMNP, Heintooga overlook, 29 June 1994, J. F. Cornell /; 14 specimens labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., 2 mi S Heintooga overlook, beech-fir berlesate, 1. VI.1990, C.E.Carlton /; 2 specimens labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., 5.8 mi S Heintooga Overlook, Great Smoky Mt. N.P., 1. VI.1991, C.E.Carlton /; 9 specimens labeled / N.Carolina: Great Smoky Mt. NP, Chestnut Branch Tr., 35845.69N 8387.40W, forest leaf litter, 1 Aug 2001, A.Tishechkin /; 39 specimens labeled / USA: NC: Transylvania Co., Pisgah NF, along FS 215, 358109N 838520W, upland hdwd. berlese, 4 Mar 1997 C.E.Carlton /; 4 specimens labeled / USA: NC: Swain Co., GSMNP, Kephart Prong. Trail at 368369360N 838219560W, 980 m, forest litter, 20 July 2003, A.Tishechkin /.

Specific Epithet. The specific epithet honors Nancy Lowe (Atlanta, GA) in recognition of her volunteer work as an illustrator for the ATBI at GSMNP.

Description. Medium to large-sized for genus (ABL range, 1.85–2.05 mm; mean, 1.94 mm, n ¼ 10). Habitus markedly convex, ovoid (WE/ABL, 0.39), head of moderate size (WH/WPm, 0.74), elytra relatively wide (WPm/WE, 0.78). Color of body brunneous to brunneorufous, appendages testaceous. Microsculpture on head absent only from two paralateral patches at vertex, otherwise distinct. Pronotal microsculpture distinct across surface of disc.

Pronotum moderately convex and transverse (WPm/LP, 1.30), with margins only slightly (WPm/WPp, 1.25) rectilinear convergent posteriad. Anterior angles evident, slightly prominent. Posterior angles slightly obtuse (105–1158). Width between posterior angles much wider than between anterior angles (WPa/WPp, 0.91).

Elytra markedly convex, slightly depressed along suture, length normal for genus (LE/ABL, 0.57), with traces of 2–3 (–4) interneurs. Humeri moderately prominent, slightly rounded. Vestiture of elytra short (less than one-fourth length of discal setae).

Males with metafemora simple.

Median lobe ( Fig. 31 ) evenly arcuate, with a conspicious dentiform expansion at dorsal margin of apex. Internal sac with copulatory pieces of spiral-curved dorsal sclerites and a group of closed spines. Dorsal sclerites in form of blade-like structure with equal prominences at base, and apex extending slightly beyond internal sac. Ventral sclerite of internal sac absent.

Distribution. Known from south of the French Broad River in North Carolina south to Sassafras Mountain in South Carolina ( Barr 1995) and from the Great Smoky Mountains in Tennessee in the west to the Pisgah Mountains, North Carolina to the east ( Figs. 40, 43 ).

Habitat. Most specimens have been taken in Berlese samples from moist deciduous forests and mixed forests at a variety of altitudes in the southern Appalachian Mountains.

Differential Diagnosis. Anillinus loweae belongs to ovoid species with patches without microsculpture on the head ( Table 2, group II of litter species). It is distinguished from all other species in this group (for which males are known) by the form of the median lobe and armature of the internal sac.

The species occurs sympatrically with at least three species of Anillinus and two species of Serranillus . From all Serranillus species (besides the other differences mentioned in the genus key) and two of the sympatric Anillinus ( A. murrayae and A. moseleyae ) it differs by the presence of microsculpture on the pronotum. From A. langdoni it differs by having areas without microsculpture on the head. That species has distinct microsculpture across the dorsal surface of the head. See previous discussion under A. fortis for comparison to A. loweae . These two apparently form an allopatric sister species pair separated by the French Broad River.

Anillinus magazinensis Sokolov and Carlton , new species ( Figs. 2 , 8 , 32 , Map fig. 40)

Holotype ( USNM). Male labeled / USA, AR, Logan Co., 0.5 mi S Greenfield Picnic Area, Mt.Magazine / hdwd. berlesate, C.Carlton, 21 May 1987 / C.E.Carlton Collection / LSAM0017651 / HOLOTYPE, Anillinus magazinensis Sokolov and Carlton , des. 2003/.

Paratypes (20, LSAM). Two males and 5 females with the same locality data as holotype. One female labeled / USA: Ar : Logan Co., Bear Hollow , Mt.Magazine, 27 Oct 1992 , C.Carlton /; 1 female labeled / Ark. , Logan Co., Mt.Magazine , Electronic Site / 27 Aug 1986 S.Tedder, Berlesate /; 1 male labeled / USA, AR, Logan County, Mt.Magazine , Cameron Bluff Campground , Hardwood Berlese, 20 July 1996 , C.E.Carlton /; 4 females labeled / USA, AR, Logan County, Mt.Magazine , Green Bench , Gutter Rock Creek / Mixed berlesate, 5 May 1986 , D.Bowles /; 1 female labeled / USA, AR, Logan County, Mt.Magazine , W.end Electronic Site , North face scree/ berl. from rocks, 29 Nov 1986 , S.Tedder /; 1 male and 1 female labeled / USA, Ark. , Logan Co., 0.4 mi S of Greenfield, E of Hwy. , 2,500 ft, Mt.Magazine / berlesate, 12 Jul 1987 , S.A.Tedder /; 1 male labeled / USA, AR, Logan Co., Magazine Mt. , Cove Lk. Trail, nr.top/ under rocks, 6 June 1989 , R. T. Allen /; 1 female labeled / USA, AR, Logan Co., Magazine Mt. , Electronic Site / 21 Feb 1987 , Berlesate, S.A. Tedder /; 1 male labeled / Ark. , Logan Co., Mt.Magazine, NW corner below bluff (electronic site)/ duff under rocks, S.Tedder, 21 Jul 1986 /.

Additional Material. Richard Leschen (Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand) provided additional records of this species, as follows: 2 specimens * labeled / USA, AR, Logan Co., Mt. Magazine, Bear Hollow, 10 March 1988, with ants, Richard Leschen/; 3 specimens labeled / USA, AR, Logan Co., Mt. Magazine, Dripping Springs, 10 March 1988, with ants, Richard Leschen. He included this note: ‘‘pinned with these specimens are the ants, and for * these are unknown, but one may be Lasius , and for ** two are Camponotus and one undetermined.’’

Specific Epithet. This species is named for the type locality, Mt. Magazine, highest point in Arkansas and an important outpost of insect diversity.

Description. Small-sized for genus (ABL range, 1.37–1.60 mm; mean, 1.50 mm, n ¼ 15). Habitus subdepressed, slightly ovoid (WE/ABL, 0.38) with relatively large head for genus (WH/ WPm, 0.79) ( Fig. 2 ) and relatively narrow pronotum compared to elytra (WPm/WE, 0.79). Color of body various, from brunneorufous to rufotestaceous, appendages testaceous. Dorsal microsculpture distinct across head and pronotum ( Figs. 2 , 8 ).

Pronotum ( Fig. 8 ) moderately convex, moderately transverse (WPm/LP, 1.34), with margins moderately and rectilinearly constricted posteriad (WPm/WPp, 1.31) ( Fig. 8 ). Anterior angles evident, slightly prominent. Posterior angles slightly obtuse (105–1158). Width between posterior angles approximately the same as between anterior angles (WPa/WPp, 1.03).

Elytra slightly convex, moderately depressed along suture, of normal length (LE/ABL, 0.57), with the traces of 4–5 interneurs. Humeri moderately prominent, moderately rounded. Vestiture of elytra relatively short (less than one-fourth the length of discal setae).

Males with metafemora simple.

Median lobe ( Fig. 32 ) small, evenly arcuate, with simple round apex. Internal sac with copulatory pieces of a pair of moderately arcuate dorsal sclerites, in form of a blade-like structure; ventral sclerite and spines absent.

Distribution. Known only from Mt. Magazine, Logan County, Arkansas ( Fig. 40).

Habitat. Specimens were collected from deep hardwood forest litter, under rocks, and from accumulations of litter between rocks. Other wingless litter-inhabiting beetles that are sympatric with A. magazinensis include the pselaphine staphylinids Arianops sandersoni Barr (precinctive to Mt. Magazine; Carlton and Allen 1989), Ouachitychus parvoculus Chandler , and Pseudactium magazinensis Carlton and Chandler (both precinctive to Mt. Magazine and the Ouachita Mountains to the south; Chandler 1988; Carlton and Chandler 1994).

Differential Diagnosis. Anillinus magazinensis is ovoid in form with distinct microsculpture on forebody ( Table 2, group I of litter species). It is distinguished from all other species in this group (for which males are known) by the form of the median lobe and armature of the internal sac.

This species is allopatric with respect to other described species of Anillinus . From its geographically closest congeners it differs by the features recorded in the key.

Figures

Figs. 25–31. Aedeagi of Anillinus spp., right lateral aspects, scale ¼ 0.1 mm. 25) A. docwatsoni n. sp.; 26) A. erwini n.sp.; 27) A. folkertsi n.sp.; 28) A. kovariki n.sp.; 29) Anillinus langdoni n.sp.; 30) A. lescheni n. sp.; 31) A. loweae n.sp.

Fig. 43. Locality records for Anillinus spp. occurring within Great Smoky Mountain National Park.

Figs. 1–5. Anillinus spp. 1) Anillinus fortis (Horn), dorsal aspect, scale ¼ 1.0 mm. 2–7) Dorsal aspects of heads, showing microsculpture, scale ¼ 0.2 mm. 2) Anillinus magazinensis n. sp.; 3) A. fortis (Horn); 4) A. robisoni n. sp.; 5) A. erwini n. sp.

Figs. 6–9. Pronota of Anillinus spp., scale ¼ 0.3 mm. 6) Anillinus erwini n. sp.; 7) A. fortis

Figs. 32–37. Aedeagi of Anillinus spp., right lateral aspects, scale ¼ 0.1 mm. 32) A. magazinensis n.sp.; 33) A. moseleyae n.sp.; 34) Anillinus murrayae n.sp.; 35) A. robisoni n. sp.; 36) A. stephani n. sp.; 37) A. tishechkini n. sp.