Trissolcus cultratus (Mayr), 2015

Talamas, Elijah J., Johnson, Norman F. & Buffington, Matthew, 2015, Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43, pp. 45-110 : 64-66

Trissolcus cultratus (Mayr) comb. rev.

Figures 19 , 50-51 , 52 , 54

Telenomus cultratus Mayr, 1879: 699, 701, 703 (original description, keyed, synonymized by Kozlov (1968)); Kozlov 1968: 200 (junior synonym of Trissolcus flavipes (Thomson)).

Aphanurus Cultratus (Mayr): Kieffer 1912: 70 (description, generic transfer).

Microphanurus cultratus (Mayr): Kieffer 1926: 91, 95 (description, generic transfer, keyed); Nixon 1939: 130, 133 (description, keyed); Rjachovsky 1959: 83 (keyed).

Asolcus cultratus (Mayr): Masner 1959: 378 (diagnosis, variation); Delucchi 1961: 44, 51 (description, keyed).

Trissolcus cultratus (Mayr): Safavi 1968: 414 (keyed); Szabó 1975: 266, 267 (description, lectotype designation, keyed).

Diagnosis.

Trissolcus cultratus is easily distinguished from other members of the Trissolcus flavipes group treated here by the parallel arched rugae on the frons between the anterior ocellus and the antennal scrobe. This species also lacks a well-developed orbital furrow near the malar sulcus, and by this character it may be separated from T. brochymenae , T. edessae , T. euschisti , and T. japonicus .

Link to distribution map.

[http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=13182]

Associations.

Emerged from egg of Carpocoris pudicus (Poda): [ Hemiptera : Heteroptera : Pentatomoidea : Pentatomidae ]; emerged from egg of Eurygaster Laporte: [ Hemiptera : Heteroptera : Pentatomoidea : Scutelleridae ]; collected near eggs of Raphigaster nebulosa (Poda): [ Hemiptera : Heteroptera : Pentatomoidea : Pentatomidae ]; emerged from egg of Raphigaster nebulosa (Poda): [ Hemiptera : Heteroptera : Pentatomoidea : Pentatomidae ]; on leaf of maple: [ Sapindales : Aceraceae ]; collected near mulberry: [ Urticales : Moraceae ]

Material examined.

Lectotype, female: Other material: (122 females, 13 males, 4 sex unrecorded) AUSTRIA: 5 females, 2 sex unrecorded, USNMENT00979612, USNMENT00979613 (CUIC); OSUC 75765-75767 (OSUC); USNMENT00675943, USNMENT00675944 (USNM). CHINA: 2 females, UCRC ENT 142635, 143817 (UCRC). CZECH REPUBLIC: 1 female, 3 males, USNMENT00896311, USNMENT00896312, USNMENT00896313, USNMENT00896314 (CNCI). FRANCE: 4 females, OSUC 75753-75756 (OSUC). HUNGARY: 3 females, 1 sex unrecorded, OSUC 75771-75773, 75783 (OSUC). JAPAN: 32 females, 5 males, OSUC 144472-144480, 542363, 542374, 542412, 542415, USNMENT00896136, USNMENT00896138, USNMENT00896140, USNMENT00896305, USNMENT00896307-USNMENT00896309, USNMENT00896315, USNMENT00896339, USNMENT00896341 (CNCI); OSUC 75784, 75786-75788 (OSUC); UCRC ENT 297012 (UCRC); USNMENT00675730-USNMENT00675737, USNMENT00764849 (USNM). RUSSIA: 34 females, USNMENT00896048, USNMENT00896049, USNMENT00896050-USNMENT00896054, USNMENT00896074, USNMENT00896075, USNMENT00979282-USNMENT00979286, USNMENT00979289 (CNCI); UCRC ENT 110944, 110951, 110963, 110983, 110985, 110992, 111001-111003, 111009, 111011, 111066, 111078, 133622, 297001-297003, 297009, 297013 (UCRC). SOUTH KOREA: 29 females, 3 males, OSUC 144470-144471, USNMENT00896011, USNMENT00896015, USNMENT00896016, USNMENT00896018, USNMENT00896019, USNMENT00896029, USNMENT00896032, USNMENT00896044-USNMENT00896046, USNMENT00896112, USNMENT00896113-USNMENT00896116, USNMENT00896118, USNMENT00896119, USNMENT00896121, USNMENT00896122, USNMENT00896134, USNMENT00896135, USNMENT00896157, USNMENT00979237, USNMENT00979246-USNMENT00979250, USNMENT00979253, USNMENT00979280 (CNCI). SWITZERLAND: 4 females, 1 male, USNMENT00979222-USNMENT00979226 (CNCI). TAIWAN: 1 female, UCRC ENT 112210 (UCRC). UNITED KINGDOM: 1 female, USNMENT00916251 (BMNH).

Comments.

Kozlov (1968) designated a lectotype for T. flavipes and simultaneously treated T. cultratus as a junior synonym. However, the concept of T. flavipes presented in the key and description of his publication was that of T. cultratus , and not of T. flavipes , which in our assessment is a distinctly different species; the two may easily be separated by the presence of parallel arched rugae on the frons of T. cultratus , contrasting with absence of large rugae and presence of a circular impression on the frons of T. flavipes (see Figs 52-55 ). The arched rugae on the frons of T. cultratus make the species particularly easy to identify, and the erroneous use of this character to identify T. flavipes was propagated throughout subsequent literature because Kozlov’s treatment was followed, and the primary type of T. cultratus was not re-examined. An unfortunate consequence of this error is that undoubtedly most, if not all, specimens of T. cultratus and T. flavipes have been misidentified.

Figures

Figures 17 - 22. 25 17 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, lateral view 18 T. occiduus, female (USNMENT 00764995), mesosoma, lateral view 19 Trissolcus cultratus, female (USNMENT 00764850), head and mesosoma, dorsolateral view 20 T. euschisti, female (OSUC 523871), mesosoma, lateral view 21 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, posterolateral view 22 T. hullensis, female (OSUC 523881), mesosoma, dorsolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.

Figures 50 - 51. 33 Trissolcus cultratus 50 female lectotype (NHMW 0008 A), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 51 female (USNMENT 00764850), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters.

Figures 52 - 55. 34 52 T. cultratus, female lectotype (NHMW 0008 A), head, anterolateral view 53 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterolateral view 54 T. cultratus, female (USNMENT 00675734), head, anterior view 55 T. flavipes, female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterior view. Scale bars in millimeters.