Elytroleptus ignitus ( LeConte, 1884 )

GRZYMALA, TRACI L. & MILLER, KELLY B., 2013, Taxonomic Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genus Elytroleptus Dugés (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini), Zootaxa 3659 (1), pp. 1-62 : 28-30

Elytroleptus ignitus ( LeConte, 1884)

(Figs. 9, 35)

Pteroplatus ignitus LeConte, 1884: 24 .

Elytroleptus ignitus ; Bates 1885: 317; Leng, 1886: 32; Schaeffer, 1908: 330; Aurivillius, 1912: 456; Blackwelder, 1946: 588;

Knull, 1948: 83; Linsley et al., 1961a: 21, fig. 3; Linsley, 1961b: 12; Linsley et al., 1961b: 21, fig. 10; Eisner et al., 1962: 316, figs. 1,2; Linsley 1962a: 179; 1962b: 5; Selander et al., 1963: 46; Grant, 1963: 109; Chemsak & Linsley, 1965: 196; 1975: 109; 1982: 56; Skiles & Chemsak, 1982: 69; Chemsak et al., 1992: 83; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Noguera & Chemsak, 1996: 402; Eisner, 2003: 169, 171; Monné, 2005: 604; Monné & Hovore, 2006: 143; Eisner et al., 2008: 111, fig. 2.

Elytroleptus inginitus ; Linsley 1962b: 4 [misspelling].

Elytroleptus luteicollis Skiles & Chemsak, 1982: 66 ; Chemsak et al., 1992: 83; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Noguera & Chemsak, 1996: 402; Monné, 2005: 605; Monné & Hovore, 2006: 143. New Synonymy.

Type location. United States, Arizona.

Type information. Lectotype. Elytroleptus ignitus ( MCZC, ♂) labeled: ‘Ariz./Type 3900/ P. ignitus Lec ./ LECTOTYPE Pteroplatus ignitus LeConte Skiles & Chemsak, 1982 ’

Holotype. Elytroleptus luteicollis ( CASC, ♂) labeled: ‘Hdgo. Parral, 25 mi. W. 6800’ Chih. MEX. VII- 15-64/ Clematis paucifolia /J.A. Chemsak Collector/ Holotype Elytroleptus luteicollis Skiles + Chemsak/California Academy of Sciences Type No. 15069’

Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: 1) elytra laterally expanded apically, greatest width> 1.5 × humeral angle width, 2) abdominal sternites testaceous, 3) elytral punctation large and deep, 5–6 punctures between suture and costa I medially, and 4) pronotum with shallow, moderate punctation. This species most closely resembles E. apicalis and can be distinguished by the concolorous testaceous elytra, the shorter antennae, and moderate, deep punctation (5–6 punctures between suture and costa I medially instead of 7–10 punctures). From E. limpianus and E. rufipennis , it is distinguished by the testaceous abdominal sternites instead of black.

Description. Male. TL 7.3–15.1 mm, GW 2.5–4.7 mm. Body elongate, laterally expanded apically from humeri, dorsoventrally flattened.

Head. HL 0.6–1.1 mm, HW 1.1–2.0 mm, DBE 0.7–1.3 mm, DBA 0.5–0.8 mm. Testaceous, except apices of mandibles piceous. Finely punctate with short, sparse, suberect to erect, testaceous pubescence, more dense and appressed on vertex; gular region glabrous; rugose posterior to lower eye lobe. Antennal tubercles moderately raised, subtriangular, and separated by approximate width of four antennal sockets. Genal apices generally rounded, width approximately ½ × height. Eyes moderately large, finely faceted, lower lobe with about 27 facets at greatest height; integument ventral to lower lobe about 0.4 × eye height; deeply emarginate at antennal insertion, with 2–3 facets at greatest emargination point. Antennae piceous, extending to approximately 2/5 elytral length, scape and antennomere VI subequal, scape with slight longitudinal, dorsal and ventral, median impressions; pedicel slightly less than ½ × scape length; antennomeres III and IV subequal, VII and VIII subequal, IX and X subequal; antennomeres V–IX decreasing in length; antennomere XI longer than X, subequal to VIII, and strongly appendiculate.

Thorax. PL 1.1–2.3 mm, PW 1.4–2.9 mm. Pronotum testaceous, width slightly greater than length, apical width subequal to basal width, lateral margins angulate, widest medially. Pronotal disc shining, punctate, with short, recumbent and suberect, testaceous pubescence arising from punctation; laterad to center, two (one on each side) distinct longitudinal, arcuate lines of dense, appressed, testaceous pubescence overlying slightly raised integument, each of similar width throughout and occupying ¼ of pronotal disc area, lateral margins clothed with a line of dense appressed and erect, testaceous pubescence; punctation on shining areas shallow, individual punctures moderate to large, subequal in diameter and shape; majority strongly delimited; oval, more densely punctate areas dorsad of lateral margins absent; pronotal disc flat to slightly convex; sides impressed in dorsal aspect, margin apparently elevated, calli absent. Pro-, meso-, and metasternum testaceous, shining, with sparse, suberect to erect, testaceous setae. Scutellum testaceous, small, subtriangular, length subequal to width, medially impressed, with short moderately dense, recumbent black pubescence.

Wings. EL 5.6–11.7 mm. Elytron testaceous. About 5 × PL, width at humeral angles about 1.2 × PW. Elytron laterally expanded apically, greatest apical width>1.5 × width at humeral angles. Elytron with 4 distinct costae; from suture, costa I arising from anterior margin and extending to 3/5 elytral length, costa II arising from anterior margin and extending to 4/5 elytral length, costa III arising from humeral angle and extending to 4/5 elytral length; elytron with distinct, large diameter punctation, 3–5 punctures medially between suture and costa I, increasingly irregular apically, noticeably smaller in diameter basally; elytron with short, suberect, testaceous pubescence, one seta per puncture, outer elytral margins with pubescence more dense. Metathoracic wing bicolored, basal 4/5 lightly tinted, apical 1/5 darkly tinted.

Abdominal Sternites. Testaceous, shining, finely punctate, and covered in sparse, short, suberect, testaceous Genitalia. Sternite VIII sides gradually tapering towards apex, two slightly sinuate anterolateral areas (one on either side), often with slight concavity medially. Tergite VIII gradually tapering towards apex, lacking sinuate areas, often with slight concavity medially.

Female. TL 7.9–14.8 mm, GW 2.7–5.4 mm, HL 0.7–1.0 mm, HW 1.3–1.8 mm, DBE 0.8–1.1 mm, DBA 0.6– 0.8 mm, PL 1.3–2.4 mm, PW 1.5–2.8 mm, EL 5.9–11.4 mm. As male, except eleventh segment of antennae not as strongly appendiculate.

Intraspecific variation. Lateral margins of pronotum piceous. Pronotum with bands of dense appressed pubescence indistinct. Elytral costa III not present on many individuals; costa I apically convergent with suture.

Remarks. In the original description of E. luteicollis ( Skiles & Chemsak, 1982) , it was compared to E. pallidus from which it is distinguished by the testaceous pronotal integument instead of black. Skiles and Chemsak (1982) did not compare it with E. ignitus , which it more closely resembles. The only distinguishing feature observed between E. luteicollis and E. ignitus specimens is the longitudinal bands of dense, appressed, testaceous pubescence on the pronota. The pubescence is yellow to testaceous and relatively thin on specimens of E. luteicollis . This can be an artifact of wear on the specimen and as there are no other characters to distinguish between these two species, E. luteicollis is synonymized herein.

Phylogenetic relationship. This species is recovered as sister to the clade composed of E. limpianus , E. rufipennis , E. nigripennis , and E. quadricostatus supported by the homoplasious character of the elytral punctation larger, deeper and more distinct medially than basally (Character 18). In equally parsimonious trees, this species is sister to the clade composed of E. apicalis , E. grandis , E. limpianus , E. rufipennis , E. nigripennis , E. quadricostatus supported by the elytra laterally expanded apically with the widest apical point greater than 1.5x width of humeral angles (Character 15) ( Figs. 31 , 32 ).

Distribution. Southwestern USA (Arizona) and northeastern Mexico (Chihuahua) ( Fig. 35 ).

Natural history. Flight period June through August. Adults have been collected on flowers and foliage of plants in the families Anacardiaceae ( Rhus sp. ), Fabaceae ( Acacia sp. ), Ranunculaceae ( Clematis pauciflora Nutt. ), Rhamnaceae ( Ceanothus sp. , Condalia ericoides (A. Gray) M.C. Johnst. ), and Sapindaceae ( Sapindus drummondii Hook. & Arn. ). This species is part of the Lycus loripes mimetic complex whose members include the model lycid sibling species L. loripes (Chevrolat) and L. simulans (Schaeffer) ( Coleoptera : Lycidae ), and two mimetic moth species, Eubaphe unicolor (Robinson) ( Lepidoptera : Geometridae ) and Virbia ostenta (Edwards) ( Lepidoptera : Erebidae ) (Linsley et al., 1961). E. ignitus is predaceous upon the lycid beetles in its own mimetic complex as well as those found in the mimetic complex of E. apicalis , which includes the lycid sister species L. fernandezi Dugés and L. arizonensis Green ( Coleoptera : Lycidae ) ( Eisner et al., 1962). E. ignitus is a Batesian mimic and does not possess the chemical component thought to cause distastefulness in Lycus spp. , lycidic acid ( Eisner et al., 2008).

Material examined. MEXICO, Chihuahua: Hidalgo del Parral , 2 ♀, 15.vii.1964, Chemsak, J.A. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♀, 30.vi.1947, Gertsch ( EMEC) ; Sonora: 1 ♂, --.v.----, Morrison, H.K. ( BMNH) ; USA, Arizona: Cochise Co., Douglas , 1 ♀, 18.vii.1974, McCleve, S. ( TAMU) ; Palmerlee , 1 ♀ ( CASC) ; 1 ♀ ( AMNH) ; Portal , 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 2.viii.1961, Linsley, E.G. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 1.viii.1958, James, R.H. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 3.vii.1956, Howden, H. ( FSCA) ; 1 ♂, vii.1968, Lenczy ( USNM) ; 13 ♂, 5 ♀, 6.vii.1960, 7.vii.1960, 9.vii.1960, 17.vii.1960, 19.vii.1960, 21.vii.1960, 22.vii.1960, 23.vii.1960, 24.vii.1960, 25.vii.1960, Linsley, E.G. ( EMEC) ; 5 ♂, 1 ♀, 11.vii.1960, 15.vii.1960, Statham, M. ( EMEC) ; 2 ♂, 25–26.vii.1975, Cicero, J.M. ( FSCA) ; Carr Canyon , 1 ♀, 12.vii.1975, Giesbert, E. ( FSCA) ; Chiricahua Mtns ., 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3.vii.1947, Wallace, H.S. ( SEMC) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 20.vii.1967, 8.viii.1967 ( DHPC) ; 2 ♂, 20.vii.1967, 1.vii.1967, Knull, J.N. ( FMNH) ; 11 ♂, 17 ♀, 26.vii.1952, 10.vii.1961, 2.viii.1952, 22.vii.1957, 12.vii.1953, 16.vii.1959, 20.vii.1955, 7.vii.1961, 9.vii.1929, 14.vii.----, 20.vii.1967, 15.vii.1961, 2.vii.1959, 29.vii.1955, 26.vii.1952, 9.vii.1959, 19.vii.1959, 18.vii.1961, Knull, D.J. & J.N. ( FMNH) ; 1 ♀, 6.vii.1967, 1 ♂, 8.vii.1967, Knull, D.J. & J.N. ( USNM) ; 1 ♂, vii.1908 ( CASC) ; 6 ♂, 1 ♀, 23.vii.1992, 24.vii.1992, Androw, R. & Brattain, M. ( RAAC) ; 26 ♂, 15 ♀, 6.vii.1967, 12.vii.1967, 10.vii.1961, 21.vii.1967, 1.vii.1967, 7.vii.1967, Knull, D.J. & J.N. ( OSUC) ; Huachuca Mtns ., 1 ♀, 18.vii.1938, Beamer, R.H. ( SEMC) ; 1 ♀, 28.vii.1982, Jump, P. ( TAMU) ; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, 25.vii.2000, Androw, R., Will, K., & Karns, K. ( RAAC) ; 1 ♀, 21.vii.1905 ( FMNH) ; 2 ♀, Schaeffer, C. ( AMNH) ; 10 ♂, 8 ♀, 17.vii.----, 16.vii.----, 20.vii.----, 19.vii.----, 21.vii.----, Knull, D.J. & J.N. ( FMNH) ; 2 ♀, 27.vii.1905, Schaeffer ( MCZC) ; 2 ♂, 5 ♀, 13.vi.1905, 09.vii.----, 11.vii.----, 25.vii.1907, vii.1905, vii.1909, vi.1922 ( USNM) ; 1 ♂, vii.1905, Cazier ( AMNH) ; 2 ♂, vii.1913, Schaeffer, C.

( AMNH); 1 ♂, vii.1909 ( CASC) ; 1 ♂, vii.1905, Schaeffer ( USNM) ; 2 ♂, 20.vii.1937, Knull, D.J. & J.N.; 1 ♂, 28.vii.1907, Hine, J. ( OSUC) ; Miller Canyon, 1 ♀, 30.vii.1974, McCabe, T. ( CUIC) ; 1 ♀, --. vii.1920, Wenzel ( OSUC) ; Texas Canyon, 1 ♀, 25.vii.1992, Androw, R. & Brattain, M. ( RAAC) ; Stronghold Trl., 4 ♂, 5.viii.1972, Stephan, K. ( FSCA) ; Graham Co., Fort Grant , 1 ♂, 13.--.1907, Hubbard & Schwarz ( USNM) ; 1 ♀ ( USNM) ; Pima Co., Bear Canyon , 2 ♂, 4.viii.1948, Ball, G.E. ( AMNH) ; Box Canyon, 4 ♂, 1 ♀, 14.vii.1999, Skelley, P. & Thomas, M. ( FSCA) ; Madera Canyon, 8 ♂, 4 ♀, 17.vii.1971, 15.vii.1975, Giesbert, E. ( FSCA) ; 1 ♀, 3.vii.1963, Vesterby, V.L. ( UCD) ; 1 ♂, 8.vii.1973 ( ACMT) ; Santa Catalina Mtns ., 1 ♀, 3.vii.1970, Stephan, K. ( FSCA) ; Santa Rita Mtns ., 13 ♂, 21.vii.1998, Androw, R. ( RAAC) ; 1 ♂, 27–28.vii.1982, Wappes, J.E. ( ACMT) ; Santa Cruz Co., Amado , 2 ♂, 22.vii.1987, W.F. Barr ( WFBM) ; Nogales , 2 ♂, 11.vii.1919, Kushe, J.A. ( CASC) ; 1 ♀, 4.vii.1958, W.F. Barr ( WFBM) ; Sonoita , 1 ♀, 6.vii.1986, Heffern, D. & Androw, R. ( DHPC) ; Madera Canyon, 1 ♀, 7.vii.1975, Cicero, J.M. ( FSCA) ; 1 ♂, 1.vii.1959, Franclemont, J.C. ( CUIC) ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, 21–27.vii.1947, Martin, L.M. ( LACM) ; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 19–25.vii.1957, R.L. Westcott ( WFBM) ; Santa Rita Mtns ., 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Smyth, E.G. ( CASC) ; 5 ♂, 1 ♀, Snow, F.H. ( FSCA) ; 4 ♂, 2 ♀, 15.vi.1909, Snow, F.H. ( MCZC) ; 1 ♂, --. vii.1924, Chamberlin, W.J. ( AMNH) ; 1 ♂, Snow, F.H. ( CUIC) ; 2 ♂, Snow, F.H. ( FMNH) ; 1 ♂, Smyth, E.G. ( MCZC) ; 22 ♂, 2 ♀, 24.vii.2000, Androw, R. & Karns, K. ( RAAC) ; 4 ♂, 3 ♀, --.vii.----, Snow, F.H. ( SEMC) ; 1 ♂, 21.vii.1971, Marqua, D.G. ( ACMT) ; 1 ♀, 8– 10.vii.1975, Cicero, J.M. ( FSCA) ; 1 ♂, 9–10.vii.1975, Cicero, J.M. ( ACMT) ; 1 ♀ ( CASC) ; 1 ♂, Snow, F.H. ( MCZC) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Morrison, H.K. ( USNM) .

Figures

FIGURE 31. Three of six most parsimonious trees retrieved from phylogenetic analysis of Elytroleptus (L = 59, CI = 50, RI = 75). Numbers above branches are characters and numbers below branches are character states. Characters are optimized for

FIGURE 32. Strict consensus for six most parsimonious cladograms resulting from cladistic analysis of Elytroleptus. Numbers above branches are Bremer support values.

FIGURE 35. Distribution map for Elytroleptus grandis, Elytroleptus humeralis, and Elytroleptus ignitus.