Otacilia longissima, Liu & Xu & Yin, 2023

Liu, Keke, Xu, Xiang & Yin, Haiqiang, 2023, A survey of the Phrurolithidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Damingshan National Natural Reserve, south China, Zootaxa 5278 (3), pp. 511-536 : 524-528

Otacilia longissima sp. nov.

( Figs 12−15 , 21 )

Type material. Holotype: ♁: China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City , Shanglin County, Damingshan National Natural Reserve , Jilong Station , 23°26'5.27"N, 108°26'32.64"E, 591 m, 5 November 2018 . Paratypes: 16 ♁, 13 ♀, with same data as holotype.

Etymology. The specific epithet is a Latin word meaning “longissimus”, referring to the long copulatory duct; adjective.

Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Otacilia hamata ( Wang, Zhang & Zhang, 2012) (see Wang et al. 2012: 44, fig. 9e−g) in having small posteromedial eyes, two tibial apophyses, the short, hook-shaped embolus (E) and the narrow median epigynal septum, but differs by the tapering tip of the dorsal tibial apophysis (DTA) ( Figs 12 C−F, 14A−C, 15) (vs. sharply pointed), the horn-like retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) ( Figs 12 C−F, 14A−C, 15) (vs. hook-shaped), the ridge-shaped retrolateral tegular apophysis ( Figs 12D , 14B , 15A ) (vs. finger-shaped), the copulatory openings (CO) anteromedially located (vs. medially), and the slender copulatory ducts (CD) ( Figs 13D , 14E ) (vs. short, broad).

Description. Male (holotype). Habitus as in Figs 12A, B . Total length 2.40, carapace length 1.18, width 1.04. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.07, PME 0.04, PLE 0.07; AME−AME 0.04, ALE−AME 0.02, PME−PME 0.09, ALE−ALE 0.17, PLE−PME 0.05, PLE−PLE 0.26 ALE−PLE 0.06, AME−PME 0.06, AME−PLE 0.12. MOA 0.18 long, anterior width 0.15, posterior width 0.17. Chelicera with 3 promarginal (proximal largest, distal smallest) and 5 retromarginal teeth (distal largest, proximal smallest). Legs measurements: I 4.11 (1.14, 0.41, 1.22, 1.02, 0.32); II 3.45 (0.95, 0.38, 0.92, 0.80, 0.40); III 2.92 (0.77, 0.35, 0.64, 0.75, 0.41); IV 4.23 (1.15, 0.40, 0.95, 1. 21, 0.52). Legs spination: femora I d1, pv111, II d1, pv1, III d1, IV d1; tibiae I v2222222, II v22222; metatarsi I v2222, II pv2222, rv1111. Abdomen length 1.18, width 0.82, with distinct dorsal scutum in anterior half.

Colouration ( Figs 12A, B ). Carapace yellow, with broad yellow-brown marking along midline, lateral margins with dark grey fringes. Fovea distinct, relatively long. Chelicerae, endites, labium and sternum yellow. Legs yellow, with annulations on femora and tibiae II−IV. Abdomen grey, with two dark brown fan-shaped markings on the antero-lateral part, two pairs of dark brown irregular spots on the latero-medial part and four black chevrons on the posterior part; venter whitish grey.

Palp ( Figs 12 C−F, 14A−C, 15A, B). Femoral apophysis (FA) weakly sclerotized, nearly as long as 1/3 of femur. Retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) large, strong, horn-like, curved towards lateral part of bulb. Dorsal tibial apophysis (DTA) strong, tapering, extending along the dorsum of cymbium. Cymbium with a strong outgrowth at base, directed retro-dorsally. Sperm duct (SD), nearly L-shaped, not reaching beyond the middle part of tegulum. Retrolateral tegular apophysis (rTA) ridge-shaped in ventral view, antero-laterally located. Distal tegular apophysis (dTA) membranous, sub-rectangular, as long as embolus, touching embolus. Embolus (E), slightly curved, spine-like, directed antero-retrolaterally.

Female paratype. Habitus as in Figs 13A, B . As in male, except as noted. Total length 2.55, carapace 1.25 long, 1.12 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.07, PME 0.04, PLE 0.08; AME−AME 0.05, ALE−AME 0.02, PME−PME 0.09, ALE−ALE 0.18, PLE−PME 0.07, PLE−PLE 0.27, ALE−PLE 0.07, AME−PME 0.07, AME−PLE 0.13. MOA 0.19 long, anterior width 0.15, posterior width 0.17. Abdomen 1.31 long, 0.91 wide. Legs measurements: I 4.75 (1.25, 0.49, 1.41, 1. 15, 0.45); II 3.85 (1.03, 0.45, 1.00, 0.90, 0.47); III 3.24 (0.85, 0.38, 0.70, 0.86, 0.45); IV 4.58 (1.20, 0.45, 1.01, 1.30, 0.62). Legs spination: femur II pv11; tibia II v222222.

Colouration ( Figs 13A, B ). Darker than males.

Epigyne ( Figs 13C, D , 14D, E ). Epigynal plate inverted goblet-shaped, longer than wide, medially with a Yshaped median septum. Copulatory openings (CO) relatively small, antero-medially located, slightly separated. Bursae (B) large, located posterolaterally, covering 2/3 of epigynal plate in dorsal view. Copulatory ducts (CD) slender, inverted Y-shaped, longitudinally extending from copulatory openings to spermathecae, anterior parts contiguous, posterior parts separated and extending bilaterally. Glandular appendage not visible in dorsal view. Spermathecae (SP) convoluted, anteriorly curved, posterior oval. Fertilization ducts (FD) long, arising from posterior part of spermathecae, directed anteriorly.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China ( Fig. 21 ).

Figures

FIGURE 12A–F. Otacilia longissima sp. nov., holotype male.A. Habitus, dorsal view.B. Same, ventral view.C. Palp, prolateral view. D. Same, ventral view. E. Same, retrolateral view. F. Same, dorsal view, black arrow shows a strong lobe-shaped base of cymbium. Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 13A–D. Otacilia longissima sp. nov., paratype female. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Epigyne, ventral view. D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 14A–E. Otacilia longissima sp. nov., holotype male and paratype female. A. Palp, ventral view. B. Same, retrolateral view. C. Same, dorsal view. D. Epigyne, ventral view. E. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: B, bursa; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; dTA, distal tegular apophysis; DTA, dorsal tibial apophysis; E, embolus; FA, femoral apophysis; FD, fertilization duct; GA, glandular appendage; rTA, retrolateral tegular apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD, sperm duct; SP, spermatheca.

FIGURE 15A–B. SEM micrographs of Otacilia longissima sp. nov., male palp of paratype.A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Epigyne, ventral view. D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: dTA, distal tegular apophysis; DTA, dorsal tibial apophysis; E, embolus; FA, femoral apophysis; rTA, retrolateral tegular apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis.

FIGURE 21. Records of Grandilithus bialatussp. nov., G.nonggang (Liu, Xu, Xiao,Yin & Peng, 2019), Otacilia damingshanica sp. nov., O. haitun sp. nov., O. longissima sp. nov., and O. tingwei sp. nov. in Damingshan National Natural Reserve (DNNR), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.