Pontederia L. subg. Pontederia

Pellegrini, Marco O. O., Horn, Charles N. & Almeida, Rafael F., 2018, Total evidence phylogeny of Pontederiaceae (Commelinales) sheds light on the necessity of its recircumscription and synopsis of Pontederia L., PhytoKeys 108, pp. 25-83 : 25

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.108.27652

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C975BF3-D742-D0F5-0C8E-503032BC99EC

treatment provided by

PhytoKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Pontederia L. subg. Pontederia
status

 

5. Pontederia L. subg. Pontederia Fig. 9 View Figure 9

Michelia Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 201. 1763, nom. illeg. Type species (designated here). Pontederia cordata L.

Narukila Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 54. 1763, nom. illeg. Type species (designated here). Narukila cordata (L.) Nieuwl. (≡ P. cordata L.).

Pontederaea Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 718. 1891, orth. var.

Pontederas Hoffmanns., Verz. Pfl.: 137. 1824, orth. var.

Reussia Endl., Gen. Pl.: 139. 1836. Type species (designated by Lowden 1973). Reussia triflora Endl. ex Seub. [≡ P. triflora (Endl. ex Seub.) G.Agostini et al.].

Unisema Raf. Med. Repos. 5: 352. 1808, nom. illeg. Type species. Unisema obtusifolia (Raf.) Raf. (≡ P. cordata L.).

Umsema Raf. Med. Repos. 5: 352 1808, orth. var.

Unisemma D.A.Godron, in Orbigny CVD, Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat.: 761. 1848, orth. var.

Description.

Herbs perennial or annual, aquatic to amphibious, erect-emergent or procumbent-emergent. Rhizome short and generally inconspicuous. Stems erect or trailing, spongy, unbranched to branching only at the base to branched. Sessile leaves early deciduous. Petiolate leaves distichously-alternate, evenly distributed along the stem or congested at the apex of the stem, emergent, ligule truncate, petioles not-inflated, blades cordate to broadly cordate, rarely elliptic to lanceolate or narrowly ovate. Main florescences (inflorescences) terminal, sessile or pedunculate; inflorescence leaf without an inflated leaf-sheath; basal bract flat; cincinni alternate, 1-3-flowered, sessile to shortly-pedunculate, internodes contracted. Flowers sessile, tristylous, zygomorphic, non-enantiostylous, perianth connate forming a tube, infundibuliform, revolute at post-anthesis, non-deliquescent and loosely enclosing the developing fruit, lobes 3 superior and 3 inferior, rarely 5 superior and 1 inferior, the central superior lobe with a nectar guide, consisting of 2 yellowish-green to green spots, generally surrounded by a dark purple to bluish-purple, rarely white blur, coiling or post-anthesis; stamens dimorphic, filaments free from each other, J-shaped, glandular-pubescent, anthers dorsifixed, rimose; ovary with 1 fertile locule, 1-ovulate, septal nectaries present, style glandular-pubescent or glabrous, stigma truncate or capitate or trilobate. Achene ovoid or pyriform; anthocarp hardened, ridged, ridges sinuate, toothed or echinate. Seeds curved narrowly ovoid or ovoid, testa smooth.

Circumscription.

Pontederia subg. Pontederia is circumscribed by us to comprise eight species. Our concept of P. subg. Pontederia is equivalent to the concept of Pontederia adopted by Lowden (1973). Nonetheless, we accept P. triflora as distinct from P. subovata and increase the number of species in the P. cordata complex by the re-establishment of P. ovalis . The members of this subgenus are peculiar within Pontederia s.l. due to their spike-like main florescences, ovaries 1-locular by abortion, fertile locule 1-ovulate, pendulous placentation, fruit an achene, hardened and ornate anthocarps and smooth seeds.

Distribution.

Exclusively Neotropical.

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Liliopsida

Order

Commelinales

Family

Pontederiaceae

Loc

Pontederia L. subg. Pontederia

Pellegrini, Marco O. O., Horn, Charles N. & Almeida, Rafael F. 2018
2018
Loc

Narukila cordata

Nieuwl 1913
1913
Loc

Unisema obtusifolia

Raf 1808
1808
Loc

Umsema

Rafinesque 1808
1808
Loc

Narukila

Adanson 1763
1763