Neonrosella vitiata (Darwin, 1854)

Sukparangsi, Woranop, Pochai, Ashitapol, Wongkunanusorn, Chinnakit & Salinee Khachonpisitsak,, 2019, Discovery of Neonrosellavitiata (Darwin) and Newmanellaspinosus Chan & Cheang (Balanomorpha, Tetraclitidae) from the Andaman Sea, eastern Indian Ocean, ZooKeys 833, pp. 1-20 : 1

Redescription of Neonrosella vitiata (Darwin, 1854) Figs 1, 2, 3, 4

Tetraclita vitiata Darwin, 1854: 340-341, Pl. 11, fig. 3a-e; Hoek 1913: 256; Broch 1922: 339-341, text fig. 73a-c; Hiro 1936: 635; 1937: 67, text fig. 13a & d.

Tetraclita (Tetraclita) vitiata : Rosell 1972: 214.

Newmanella vitiata (Darwin, 1854) Yamaguchi, in Ikeya and Yamaguchi 1993: 93; Jones et al. 1990: 14.

Yamaguchiella (Rosella) vitiata (Darwin, 1854): Ross and Perreault 1999: 5.

Yamaguchiella (Neonrosella) vitiata (Darwin, 1854): Jones 2010: 14.

Material examined.

13 specimens, southern Thailand, Andaman Sea in the eastern Indian Ocean, Phang-Nga Province, Na-Tai District, Na-Tai rocky shore, 20 Mar 2018, A Pochai leg. ZCBUU-CP-024-036.

Diagnosis.

Parietes white with dark orange spots or longitudinal stripes. Tergum with broad spur. Area with lateral tergal depressor crests on basal margin long and carrying numerous and deep crests. Lateral scutal depressor crests numerous and deep. Cirrus II with equal rami. Cirrus III antenniform in both rami; lesser curvature with hook-like spines. Lesser curvature of cirrus IV without spines. Maxillule with two large spines and two smaller spines before notch; five pairs of spines and a cluster of 12 spines after notch. Mandible with five teeth; the third teeth tridentate; the fourth teeth quadridentate and the fifth teeth close to the fourth teeth; seven smaller setae on lower margin; without setae under inferior angle. Labrum with three canine-like teeth on each cutting margin. Penis with basi-dorsal point.

Description.

Peduncle absent. Body length 2-3 cm. Shell white with orange longitudinal lines; low conic; composed of four shell plates including one carina, two laterals, and one rostrum (Fig. 1A, D, E). Base calcareous with parietal tubes; two rows of irregular shape and size of parietal tubes; inner laminar compartment carrying larger parietal tubes that its intraparietal septum radiating to the outer laminar; outer laminar compartment carrying three smaller and horizontal parietal tubes between larger tubes from inner laminar (Fig. 1B, C). External shell plate ornamented with rough and white with orange longitudinal striation; some exhibited decolouration or erosion of shell plate but carina always possesses 4-5 remnants of orange spots close to the orifice (Fig. 1D). Basal margin of each shell plate irregularly undulated. Internal shell plate smooth and white; interior part close to orifice oranges and with horizontal striation (Fig. 1E). Orifice kite-shaped or pentagonal (Fig. 1F). External surface of opercular plates white with irregular orange-brown spots (Fig. 1F, G). Internal surface of opercular plates mostly white with orange (Fig. 1F, H). Tergum smaller than scutum (Fig. 1G, H). Tergum triangular to polygonal shaped; dorsal surface with horizontal lines; longitudinal furrow on dorsal side broad. Spur of tergum broad with rounded tip. Scutal margin smooth without teeth. Basal margin of tergum longer than carina margin or area with lateral depressor muscle crests thick (ten crests). Tergal articular ridge with broad width but low ridge and thus when articulated, tergum occupies small area of scutum (Fig. 1 I–L). Scutum triangular with height similar to width. External surface of scutum without horizontal striation. Ventral surface of scutum with long adductor ridge. Lateral scutal depressor crests deep and numerous (five crests) (Fig. 1 M–R).

Cirrus I with unequal rami; anterior ramus (20-segmented) length longer than that of posterior ramus (10-segmented), approximately 2.5 times (Fig. 2A); intermediate segments of posterior ramus normal or not protuberant; greater and lesser curvature of both rami without spine; basipod without spines; protopod with serrulated setae on the posterior side; serrulated setae found in both rami (Fig. 2 B–E). Cirrus II with equal rami and similar length (both rami with 10-segmented) (Fig. 2F); lesser curvature of both rami without spines (Fig. 2 G–H); posterior ramus with serrulated setae (Fig. 2I); anterior ramus with serrulated setae along the entire length from apex to basipod and bi-pinnate setae on distal segments near apex (Fig. 2J); protopod with long serrulated setae on anterior side (Fig. 2K). Cirrus III with unequal rami; posterior ramus (27-segmented) longer than anterior ramus (19-segmented) about 1.5 fold; both rami antenniform (Fig. 2L); basis without spine (Fig. 2M); basis with plumose setae on posterior side (Fig. 2N); protopod with plumose setae on anterior side (Fig. 2O); serrulated and bidentate setae found in both rami (Fig. 2P, Q); lesser curvature of proximal region of both rami carrying spines (7-segmented on anterior ramus and 4-segmented on posterior ramus) (Fig. 2R, S); spines on both rami with hook-like shaped and thick (Fig. 2T, U). Cirrus IV–VI with equal and long rami (Fig. 3A, H, O); basis of cirrus IV–VI carrying triangular and slender spines (Fig. 3B, C, K, S); only first proximal segment of greater curvature of posterior ramus carrying triangular and slender spines (Fig. 3E, J, T). Cirrus IV, anterior ramus 17-segmented, posterior ramus 18-segmented (Fig. 3A). Cirrus V–VI, anterior ramus 22-segmented, posterior ramus 22-segmented (Fig. 3H, O). Lesser curvature of Cirrus IV–VI without spines and carrying two pairs of long serrulated setae and one pair of shorter simple setae (Fig. 3F, G, L, M, N, U, V).

Maxilla bi-lobate; upper lobe covered with densely packed serrulated setae; lower lobe with a few serrulated setae carrying more packed setules (Fig. 4 A–C). Maxillule with U-shaped notch; two large spines and two small spines before notch; five pairs of small and slender spines after notch (Fig. 4D); cutting edge after notch carrying another 12 smaller spines followed by a cluster of serrulated setae (Fig. 4E). Mandible with five teeth; the first teeth largest; the second teeth bidentate; the third teeth tridentate; the fourth teeth quadridentate; the fifth teeth only single close to the fourth teeth; lower margin narrow with a pack of seven small setae followed by three larger setae close to inferior angle; no setae under inferior angle; simple setae scattered on surface of mandible (Fig. 4 F–H). Labrum with V-shaped notch; three canine-shaped teeth with densely packed simple setae on each side of cutting margin (Fig. 4 I–L). Mandibular palp rectangular with serrulated setae on superior margin (Fig. 4M, N). Penis long with annulation with basi-dorsal point on the dorsal side of penis base (Fig. 4O inset); a few simple setae scattered randomly along whole length; two bundles of simple and long setae found at the tip of penis (Fig. 4 O–Q).

Habitat.

Neonrosella vitiata was collected only during the lowest tide (March) of the year and at the lowest littoral zone, an area submerged most of the time throughout the year. It was found on rocks covered with seaweed, densely packed green and red algae, hydroids, sponges, limpets, other acorn barnacles including Tetraclita species at the algal crust zone of the intertidal region. The barnacles were found mostly in solitary form, in connection with Newmanella spinosus , or with conspecifics as small colonies of only two or three individuals per colony.

Distribution.

Great Barrier Reef ( Raine’s Islet), Australia ( Darwin 1854); Lucipara Islands, Banda Sea ( Hoek 1913), Zamboanga, Philippines ( Broch 1922); Goram Island ( Hiro 1936); Oropusyakaru and Madarai Islands ( Hiro 1937); Philippines ( Rosell 1972); Singapore ( Jones and Hosie 2016) and Andaman Sea of eastern Indian Ocean, Phang-Nga Province, southern Thailand (new record).