Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002

Martínez, Leonel, Brescovit, Antonio D. & Martínez, Carlos Prieto, 2023, Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia II: morphology, distribution, and taxonomy of the trilobatus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae), Zootaxa 5328 (1), pp. 1-66 : 18-22

Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002

Figs 9–13 ; 47

Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert 2002: 121 , fig. 38a–d. Type material: male holotype from 11–23 km East of Calarcá [4°32′0″N, 75°39′0″W], Quindío department, Colombia, 3000 m, 5–10.III. I994 , S. Peck leg., (FMNHINS 3479386), examined. Paratypes: male and female from 1 km south of Calarcá , Quindío department, Colombia, 1670 m, 8.III.l994, S. Peck leg., (FMNHINS 3479385), examined.

Other material examined: COLOMBIA. Risaralda: Pereira, Vereda La Suiza, Corregimiento Florida , Santuario de Flora y Fauna Otún Quimbaya , secondary forest fragment, winkler extractor, 1800 m, [4°43′25″N, 75°34′45″W], A. Sabogal leg., VII.2005, 1 ♀ (ICN-Ar-12353), 4 ♀ (ICN-Ar-12354), 2 ♀ ( IBSP); 1900 m, [4°43′45″N, 75°34′41.23″], L. Franco leg., 10-12.I.2003, 4 ♁ 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6179), 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6176); Santuario de Flora y Fauna Otún Quimbaya, secondary forest, 1000-1100 m, [4°42′33.33″N, 75°36′37.33″W], R. Walker leg., 21.XI.2002, 18 ♁ 4 ♀ (IAvH-I-6186), 1 ♁ 2 ♀ (IAvH-I-6181). Quindío: Genova, Vereda El Recreo, Finca Veneccia , 1800 m, [4°13′39″N, 75°45′31″W], E. González leg., 19.X.1999, 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6175), 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6178), 2 ♁ 1 ♀ ( IBSP 324932 ); Vereda El Dorado, Finca San Isidro, gallery forest, 1500 m, [4°12′55″N, 75°47′8″W], E. González leg., 31.X.1999, 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6170); secondary forest, 1750 m, [4°13′43″N, 75°45′37″W], 18.X.1999, 2 ♁ (IAvH- I-6184), 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6183); Pijao, Vereda La Playa , Finca La Italia , 1800 m, [4°21′27″N, 75°42′58″W], J. Sossa leg., 01.II.2000, 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6188); Filandia, Vereda El Manzano, 2105 m, [4°42′20″N, 75°35′59″W], A. Garzón leg., 24-26.V.2005, 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6174); Vereda El Cedral, 1000 m, [4°45′23.55″N, 75°40′59.04″W], E. González leg., 29.V.2002, 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6180); Calarcá, Vereda Pradera Baja, Finca La Holanda , 1575 m, [4°33′27″N, 75°75′10″W], 28-29.XI.1999, 2 ♁ (IAvH-I-6185), 2 ♁ (IAvH-I-6182) . Caldas: Aranzazu, Finca Balcones, gallery forest, 1950 m, [5°16′18.83″N, 75°29′41.86″W], L. Franco & J. Bedoya leg., 30.VII.2003, 4 ♁ 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6189), 3 ♁ ( IBSP 324932 ), 3 ♁ ( IBSP 324933 ); Salamina, Vereda La Aurora , Los Balcones, 2066 m, [5°19′37.7″N, 75°28′00.8″W], 30-31.VII.2003, 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6190); Vereda Chambery, Finca Las Garzas, 2000 m, [5°17′49.2″N, 75°28′27.9″W], 26-28.VII.2003, 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6187); Vereda La Guaira , Finca El Alto Bonito, secondary forest, 2050 m, [5°16′43.8″N, 75°29′04.6″W], 25-27.VII.2003, 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-6191) .

Diagnosis. Males of Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002 are similar to those of T. cumbre sp. n., by having small conductor (C) and cymbium (Cy) ( Figs 17A–D ; 18A–B ), but can be distinguished by remarkably shorter posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis (pRTA), almost as long as palpal tibia (vs longer than palpal tibia in T. cumbre sp. n.); smaller and apically rounded anterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis (aRTA) (vs triangular and acute in T. cumbre sp. n.); smaller, rectangular median apophysis (MA) ( Figs 10A–E ; 12A–D ; 13A–B ; 14 ; 15A–B ). Females are similar to those of Tenedos cumbre sp. n. by small, short copulatory ducts (SD) and small median field plate (MFP) ( Figs 17E–F ; 18C–D ), are distinguished by the lateral borders (LB) not delimiting a deep atrium (A) (vs delimited and m-shaped atrium in T. cumbre sp. n.), shorter SD, describing approximately one coil on spermathecae (S) (SD are longer and describing almost two coils on spermathecae in T. cumbre sp. n.) ( Figs 10F ; 12E–F ; 15C–F ; 13C–D ).

Description. Male (IAvH-I-6177). Coloration ( Figs 9 , 11A–B ): carapace dark-brown, marginally more pigmented, with two dark spots in front fovea and faint dark thoracic grooves, extending from fovea to margins. Chelicerae with dark brown paturon, fangs brown-reddish. Endites light brown, dark brown in the base, apically white. Labium and sternum dark brown with a medial pale spot. Legs: Coxae I–IV pale brown, brown on prolateral and retrolateral edges. Femora-tibiae I–IV dark brown with large black dots. Patellae I–IV dark brown. Tibiae I pale yellow, distally dark brown, II-IV brown. Metatarsi-tarsi I–IV brown. Abdomen: dorsally dark gray with five white guanine spots organized as follows: two small, thin, elongated spots, anteriorly positioned; two subrounded spots larger than previous ones, with an anterior notch, medially positioned; a wide, transverse band, posteriorly positioned. Lateral and ventrally beige, no spots. Spinnerets pale yellow. Measurements: total length 3.32, carapace length 1.62, width 1.07, height 0.78. Clypeus height 0.30. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.12, AME–ALE 0.13, AME–PME 0.13, PME–PME 0.18, PME–PLE 0.25, ALE–PLE 0.14. Chelicerae 0.57 length. Sternum length 0.69, width 0.66. Legs: I—femur 1.02/ patella 0.40/ tibia 0.93/ metatarsus 0.80/ tarsus 0.69/ total 3.84; II—0.92/ 0.36/ 0.73/ 0.73/ 0.59/ 3.33; III—0.87/ 0.37/ 0.57/ 0.79/ 0.48/ 3.08; IV—1.10/ 0.40/ 0.98/ 1.26/ 0.76/ 4.50.Abdomen length 1.31. Legs spines pattern (only the differences from the general pattern): I—tibia p 0, metatarsus v 1r-0-2, p 0-1d-1v; III—femur p 0, tibia v 2-2-2; IV—femur r 0, tibia v 2- 2-2. Palp: retrolateral process of cymbium (RPC) short, poorly projected; tegulum (T) very small, elongated towards embolus base; subtegulum (St) distinguishable in ventral view as a wide, short sclerotized region; conductor (C) small with short laminar prolateral region, wrapping the embolus by a small portion in medial side; appendix (ApC) very short, pointed; embolus (E) wide, tapered towards apex; embolus base (EB) robust, prolaterally projected; spermatic ducts (SD) very thin, recurved; ventral tibial apophysis (VTA) short; median apophysis (MA) wide in the base, apically quadrangular and projected; retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) with (pRTA) almost as long as palpal tibia, anterior branch (aRTA) very short, apically rounded ( Figs 10A–E ; 12A–D ; 13A–B ; 14 ; 15A–B ).

Female (IAvH-I-6181). Coloration and abdominal pattern of spots as male, but more pigmented, carapace and legs uniformly brown ( Figs 9 , 11C–D ). Measurements: total length 3.49, carapace length 1.75, width 1.09, height 0.88. Clypeus height 0.32. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.06, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME– AME 0.14, AME–ALE 0.15, AME–PME 0.18, PME–PME 0.18, PME–PLE 0.26, ALE–PLE 0.17. Chelicerae 0.63 length. Sternum length 0.73, width 0.75. Legs: I—femur 1.10/ patella 0.38/ tibia 0.92/ metatarsus 0.74/ tarsi 0.63/ total 3.68; II—0.88/ 0.42/ 0.71/ 0.65/ 0.57/ 3.23; III—0.78/ 0.42/ 0.66/ 0.71/ 0.55/ 3.12; IV—1.13/ 0.41/ 0.92/ 1.02/ 0.71/ 4.19. Abdomen length 1.62. Legs spines pattern (only the differences from the general pattern): I—metatarsus p 0; II—tibia v 1r-1r-2, metatarsus v 1r-0-2, p0; III—femur p 0, tibia v 1p-2-2, metatarsus p 1d-0-2; IV—tibia v 2-2- 2. Epigyne: lateral borders (LB) short, strongly sclerotized, forming m-shaped anterior border in medial side, poorly delimited atrium (A); median field plate (MFP) small, visible in dorsal view as a wider than long, quadrangular; copulatory ducts (CD) very short, wide in the base describing one coil on spermathecae; spermathecae (S) large, rounded oval, posteriorly positioned; fertilization ducts (FD) longer than spermathecae ( Figs 10F ; 12E–F ; 15C–F ).

Variation. Males (n=8): total length: 4.30–2.99; carapace length: 1.47–1.99; femur I length: 1.11–1.22. Females (n=28): total length: 3.39–4.13; carapace length: 1.66–1.89; femur I length: 1.10–1.15. Some specimens present darker coloration and more elongated spots.

Natural history. Males and females of Tenedos trilobatus are commonly collected in sympatry with specimens of Tenedos quimbaya sp. n.

Distribution. Known from Quindío and Risaralda departments ( Fig. 47 ).

Figures

FIGURE 9. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−B. Male habitus (FMNHINS 3479386): A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C−D. Female habitus (FMNHINS 3479385): C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. Scale bars: A−D: 2 mm.

FIGURE 10. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−E. Male palp (FMNHINS 3479386): A. Dorsal view. B. Retroventral view. C. Prolateral view. D. Retrolateral view (black and white arrows indicate the pRTA and aRTA, respectively). E. Ventral view F. Female epigynum (FMNHINS 3479385), ventral view. Scale bars: A−D. 0.5mm; E−F. 0.2mm. Abbreviations: aRTA, anterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; C, conductor; E, embolus; EB, embolus base; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; MFP, median field plate; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; St, subtegulum; SD, spermatic ducts; T, tegulum; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bar: A−F: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−B. Male habitus (IAvH-I-6177): A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C−D. Female habitus (IAvH-I-6181): C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. Scale bars: A−D: 2 mm.

FIGURE 12. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−D. Male palp (IAvH-I-6177): A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral view. C. Ventral view. D. Retrolateral view. E−F. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6181): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A−D: 0.5 mm; E−F: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 13. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−B. Male palp (IAvH-I-6177): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view. C−D. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6181): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: C, conductor; CD, copulatory ducts; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; MFP, median field plate; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: A−B: 0.5 mm; C−D: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 14. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−D. Male palp (IBSP 324932), SEM images: A. Ventral view. B. Conductor (pointed squared delimited the region of cymbium with modified setae, the arrow indicates these setae on retrolateral edge of the cymbium). C. Retrolateral view. D. Tibial apophyses. E. Proventral view. F. Conductor and median apophysis, proventral view. Abbreviations: ApC, appendix of the conductor; aRTA, anterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; C, conductor; E, embolus; MA, median apophysis; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; St, subtegulum; T, tegulum; VTA, ventral tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A−C: 0.2 mm; B−D: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 15. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−B. Male palp (IBSP 324932), SEM images: A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral. Female genitalia (IAvH-I), SEM images: C. Dorsal view. D. Apical view. E. Bennett’s glands pore. F. Posterior view. G. Fertilization duct. Scale bars: A−B: 0.2 mm; C−D, F: 0.1 mm; E: 0.005 mm; G: 0.001 mm. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory ducts; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; MF, median field; S, spermathecae. Scale bars: A−B: 0.7 mm; C−D: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 17. Tenedos cumbre sp. n. A−D. Male palp (IAvH-I-6105): A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral view. C. Ventral view. D. Retrolateral view. E−F. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6106): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A−D: 1 mm; E−F: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 18. Tenedos cumbre sp. n. A−D. Male palp (IAvH-I-6105): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view. C−D. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6106): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: A, atrium; C, conductor; CD, copulatory ducts; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis.

FIGURE 47. Distribution map of the species belonging to the trilobatus species group in Colombia. A. The dotted box shows the sympatric distribution between Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002 and T. quimbaya sp. n., it is better represented in the figure B.