Calonotos Hübner, 1819

Cock, Matthew J. W. & Laguerre, Michel, 2022, Taxonomic changes in the Neotropical wasp moths, Euchromiina and Ctenuchina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini) relating to the fauna of Trinidad & Tobago, with descriptions of new species, Zootaxa 5222 (2), pp. 101-132 : 102-103

Calonotos Hübner, 1819 (in Hübner & Geyer [1808] –1837)

Here we show that two species described from Trinidad should be treated as subspecies of species described from mainland South America. One new species is described from Trinidad. Fig. 1 shows a neighbour-joining similarity tree for Calonotos from Trinidad and elsewhere, including the first two of these adjustments. The DNA barcodes generated as part of this work are available in BOLD dataset DS-CALON. We have found that this is a genus with species often similar in habitus and DNA barcodes, but with distinct male genitalia. For example, BOLD:AAK1636 contains at least six species in French Guiana alone that can be distinguished by their male genitalia ( Fig. 1 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Neighbour-joining similarity tree for selected Calonotos sequences. The evolutionary history was inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method (Saitou and Nei 1987). The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.25886344 is shown. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) are shown next to the branches (Felsenstein 1985). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths (next to the branches) in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Kimura 2-parameter method (Kimura 1980) and are in the units of the number of base substitutions per site. The analysis involved 21 nucleotide sequences. Codon positions included were 1st+2nd+3rd+Noncoding. All ambiguous positions were removed for each sequence pair. There was a total of 676 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA7 (Kumar et al. 2016). DNA barcodes from our work are available in BOLD dataset DS-CALON.