Chrosiothes carajaensis, Rodrigues, 2017

Rodrigues, Everton Nei Lopes, 2017, Six new species and new records of the spider genus Chrosiothes from Brazil with the description of the female of Chrosiothes venturosus Marques & Buckup, 1997 (Araneae, Theridiidae, Spintharinae), Zootaxa 4329 (3), pp. 219-236 : 223

Chrosiothes carajaensis new species

Figs. 4–6 , 20, 21 , 30

Type material. Holotype: Brazil: Pará, Parauapebas, Flona Carajás , 6°1’56”S; 50°9’12”W, R. Andrade & I. Cizauskas leg., 19.II–04.III.2010, 1M ( IBSP 174269 ) . Paratypes: Brazil: Pará, Parauapebas, Flona Carajás , 6°1'56''S; 50°9'12''W, R. Andrade & I. Cizauskas leg., 19.II–04.III.2010, 1F ( IBSP 17 4268) ; Rio de Janeiro, Resende, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia , 22°23’S; 44°43’W, 15.VI.2001, Equipe Biota leg., 1F, collected by beating tray ( IBSP 209884 ) ; Rio de Janeiro, Resende, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia , 22°23’S; 44°43’W, 15.VI.2001, Equipe Biota leg., 1F, collected by beating tray ( IBSP 209885 ) ; Rio de Janeiro, Cachoeiras de Macau, Reserva Ecológica de Guapi Assu ( REGUA), 22°25’S; 42°44’W, 10.XI.2001, Equipe Biota leg., 1F, night manual collection ( IBSP 209886 ) ; Rio de Janeiro, Pinheiral , 22°34’S, 44°21’W, 05–11.XI.1999, A. D. Brescovit leg., 1M ( MCN 48699) ; Rio Grande do Sul, Derrubadas, Parque Estadual do Turvo , 27°00’ to 27°20’S; 53°40’ to 54°10’W, 15.I.2002, R. Ott leg., 1M, night manual collection ( IBSP 209887 ).

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Diagnosis. Males are similar to Chrosiothes murici new species by the shape of cymbium apex, by the absence of denticles along the edge of the conductor and the trajectory of embolus that loop far from the tegulum edge, but differ from this species by the hook-like conductor, ( Fig. 4 ). Females resemble the female of C. diabolicus new species by the presence of one copulatory opening and by the copulatory ducts uncoiled, but differ by the copulatory opening near the posterior margin of epigynum ( Fig. 5 ) and oval spermathecae ( Fig. 6 ), while in C. diabolicus new species the copulatory opennings are further away from the epigynal margin and the spermathecae are reniform ( Fig. 3 ).

Description. Male holotype (from Parauapebas, IBSP 174269). Total length 1.69. Carapace length 0.78, width 0.67. Clypeus height 0.10. Sternum length 0.48, width 0.42. Abdomen length 0.91, width 0.78, height 0.88. Leg formula IV/I/II/III; segment length (I/II/III/IV): femora 0.90/0.63/0.39/0.96; patellae+tibiae 0.71/0.71/0.50/0.98; metatarsi+tarsi 1.28/0.79/0.69/1.34; total 2.89/2.14/1.59/3.29. Carapace brown, semicircular, with dark brown pigments medially and laterally, cephalic area higher ( Fig. 20 ), chelicerae brown. Sternum darker. AME and ALE with same diameter, and bigger than PME and PLE that have the same diameter. Legs pale yellow with darkened spots, especially on femora and tibiae IV ( Fig. 20 ). Abdomen with a pair of lateral-median tubercles, dorsally with median-anterior portion dark brown and posterior-median portion pale yellow ( Fig. 20 ). Ventrally pale brown, with two longitudinal depigmented strips. Spinnerets pale brown. Palp with slender embolus with enlarged base; conductor longer, hooked in the apex, without denticles ( Fig. 4 ); and tegulum circular very developed nonsclerotized ( Fig. 4 ).

Female paratype (from Parque Nacional de Itatiai, IBSP 209884). Total length 3.09. Carapace length 1.14, width 1.06. Clypeus height 0.14. Sternum length 0.75, width 0.62. Abdomen length 2.28, width 2.44, height 1.63. Leg formula IV/I/II/III; segment length (I/II/III/IV): femora 1.59/1.15/0.88/1.70; patellae+tibiae 1.78/1.07/0.86/ 1.72; metatarsi+tarsi 2.24/1.49/1.30/2.49; total 5.62/3.71/3.04/5.92. Carapace dark red-brown, semicircular, darkbrown pigment medially and laterally ( Fig. 21 ), chelicerae dark red-brown. AME bigger than the other eyes; PME smaller than the rest. Sternum dark olive-green, with blackened edges. Legs olive-green except femur IV darker. Abdomen dorsally with two lateral-median tubercles, anterior-median portion with some dark pigments and posterior-median portion with white transverse band ( Fig. 21 ); ventrally orange-brown, with two longitudinal depigmented stripes. Spinnerets olive-green. Epigynum with a slightly sclerotized plate, wider than long ( Fig. 5 ); with a single copulatory opening in the posterior margin of epigynum ( Fig. 5 ). Internal genital with oval spermathecae and the fertilization ducts short and coiled; copulatory ducts S-shaped and sclerotized ( Fig. 6 ).

Remark. Males and females were collected together in Flona Carajás, Parauapebas, Pará, Brazil.

Additional material examined. Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Resende ( Parque Nacional de Itatiaia , 22°23’S; 44°43’W), 08–15.VI.2001, Equipe Biota leg., 1F ( MCN 48695); Cachoeiras de Macau (Reserva Ecológica de Guapi Assu - REGUA, 22°25’S; 42°44’W), 10.XI.2001, Equipe Biota leg., 1F ( MCN 48694).

Distribution. Brazil (Pará, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Chrosiothes diabolicus new species: 1, Male: Palp, ventral. 2 – 3, Female: 2, Epigynum, ventral, 3, Internal genitalia, dorsal, clarified. Chrosiothes carajaensis new species: 4, Male: Palp, ventral. 5 – 6, Female: 5, Epigynum, ventral, 6, Internal genitalia, dorsal, clarified. Scale bars, 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 18 – 23. Body, dorsal view. Chrosiothes diabolicus new species: 18, Male, 19, Female. Chrosiothes carajaensis new species: 20, Male, 21, Female. Chrosiothes cicuta new species: 22, Male, 23, Female. Scale bars, 1 mm.