Chrosiothes diabolicus, Rodrigues, 2017

Rodrigues, Everton Nei Lopes, 2017, Six new species and new records of the spider genus Chrosiothes from Brazil with the description of the female of Chrosiothes venturosus Marques & Buckup, 1997 (Araneae, Theridiidae, Spintharinae), Zootaxa 4329 (3), pp. 219-236 : 221-222

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4329.3.2

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:252E55E4-A391-4970-8C77-34D8A5D1Caf0

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6045858

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/735587E6-FFB0-D228-FF1B-FF63B65626A9

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Chrosiothes diabolicus
status

sp. nov.

Chrosiothes diabolicus View in CoL new species

Figs. 1–3 View FIGURES 1 – 6 , 18, 19 View FIGURES 18 – 23 , 30

Type material. Holotype. Brazil: São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo , 22°31’S; 52°18’W, 29.III.2003, Equipe Biota leg., 1M, collected by beating tray ( IBSP 209874 View Materials ) GoogleMaps . Paratypes. Brazil: São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo , 22°31’S; 52°18’W, 24–31.III.2003, Equipe Biota leg., 1F, collected by beating tray ( IBSP 209875 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo , 22°31’S; 52°18’W, 24–31.III.2003, Equipe Biota leg., 1F, night manual collection ( MCTP 40134 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Paraná, Foz do Iguaçu, Parque Nacional de Foz do Iguaçu , 25°36’S; 54°25’W, 09.II.2002. Equipe Biota leg., 1M, 1F, night manual collection ( IBSP 209878 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Paraná, Foz do Iguaçu, Parque Nacional de Foz do Iguaçu , 25°36’S; 54°25’W, 09.III.2003, Equipe Biota leg., 1F ( IBSP 209879 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Mato Grosso do Sul, Bonito , Baia Bonita, 21°09’S; 56°26’W, 18.X.2002, Equipe Biota leg., 1M, collected by beating tray ( IBSP 209880 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Mato Grosso do Sul, Bonito , Baia Bonita, 21°09’S; 56°26’W, 17.X.2002, Equipe Biota leg., 1F, collected by beating tray ( IBSP 209881 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Minas Gerais, Juatuba , COPASA, 20°10’S; 44°21’W, 22.IV.2002. Equipe. Biota leg., 1F, night manual collection ( IBSP 209882 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Minas Gerais, Juatuba , COPASA, 20°10’S; 44°21’W, 22.IV.2002. Equipe. Biota leg., 1F, night manual collection ( MCTP 40133 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; São Paulo, Santa Rita do Passo Quatro, Parque Estadual de Vassununga , 21°43’S; 47°35’W, 22.III.2002, Equipe Biota leg., 1F, collected by beating tray ( IBSP 209877 View Materials ) GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Diagnosis. Males are similar to C. venturosus Marques & Buckup, 1997 (see Marques & Buckup 1997, fig. 7) by the conspicuous and sinuous conductor apex, but differ from this species by the presence of numerous denticles along the edge of the conductor ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ) and trajectory of the embolus, that loops far from the tegulum edge ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ). Females resemble C. niteroi Levi, 1964 (see Levi, 1964b, figs. 31, 32) by the presence of a single and small copulatory opening, but differ by the copulatory openings farther from the posterior margin of epigynum ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ), by the reniform spermathecae and the short, uncoiled copulatory ducts ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ).

Description. Male holotype (from Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo, IBSP 209874). Total length 1.97. Carapace length 0.83, width 0.72. Clypeus height 0.14. Sternum length 0.54, width 0.49. Abdomen length 1.17, width 0.83, height 0.88. Leg formula I/IV/II/III; segment length (I/II/III/IV): femora 1.23/0.84/0.50/1.02; patellae+tibiae 1.23/0.94/0.67/1.19; metatarsi+tarsi 1.74/1.09/0.90/1.74; total 4.22/2.87/2.07/3.96. Carapace pale orange, with dark brown pigments medially and laterally, semicircular, cephalic area higher ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 18 – 23 ), chelicerae pale orange. AME, ALE and PLE with same diameter and PME smallest. Sternum darker than the carapace, with blackened edges. Legs pale yellow. Subtriangular abdomen, paler than the carapace with some dark brown pigment dorsally and two lateral-median tubercles ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 18 – 23 ), ventrally darker, with two longitudinal depigmented stripes. Spinnerets pale yellow. Palp with conductor longer, pointed, with numerous denticles along the edge ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ); slender embolus, slightly curved in the apex. Embolus with large base. Tegulum circular very developed, nonsclerotized ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ). Sperm duct in the embolus base sinuous ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ).

Female paratype (from Foz do Iguaçu, IBSP 209879). Total length 3.69. Carapace length 1.30, width 1.14. Clypeus height 0.21. Sternum length 0.78, width 0.62. Abdomen length 2.18, width 2.18, height 1.97. Leg formula IV/I/II/III; segment length (I/II/III/IV): femora 1.91/1.40/1.02/1.95; patellae+tibiae 2.22/1.34/1.05/2.31; metatarsi+tarsi 2.94/1.95/1.61/3.12; total 7.07/4.70/3.69/7.39. Carapace orange brown, dark brown pigments medially and laterally, semicircular, cephalic area higher ( Fig. 19 View FIGURES 18 – 23 ), chelicerae orange brown. AME and PLE bigger than the other eyes. Sternum darker, with blackened edges. Legs orange-brown, except femora, anteriorly light brown. Abdomen subtriangular with two lateral-median tubercles and some dark pigments dorsally ( Fig. 19 View FIGURES 18 – 23 ), ventrally orange-brown, with two longitudinal depigmented stripes. Spinnerets yellow-brown. Epigynum with a slightly sclerotized plate, wider than long ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ); with a single oval and small copulatory opening in the medianposterior margin of epigynum ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ). Internal genital with reniform spermathecae and the short and uncoiled copulatory ducts ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ); fertilization ducts short and coiled ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ).

Variation. Pigmentation in ventral view of abdomen and sternum of male can range from olive green to dark yellow.

Remark. Males and females were collected together in various locations in Brazil.

Additional material examined. Brazil. Minas Gerais: Juatuba ( Serra Azul , 20°10’S; 44°21’W), 18– 24.IV.2002, Equipe Biota leg., 2F ( MCN 48704) GoogleMaps . São Paulo: Teodoro Sampaio ( Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo , 22°31’S; 52°18’W), 24–31.III.2003, Equipe Biota leg., 1M ( MCN 40579); 1F ( MCN 40573); 1F ( MCN 40574), all collected by beating tray. GoogleMaps

Distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraná).

MCN

McNeese State University

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Theridiidae

Genus

Chrosiothes

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