Salmo trutta Linnaeus 1758

Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza & Doadrio, Ignacio, 2020, Fig. 4 in Fig. 4 in Fig. 3 in Fig. 21. Sesarmops mora n in Paralbunea dayriti, Zoological Studies 59 (21), pp. 1-303 : 221-223

Salmo trutta Linnaeus 1758 – Native/ Translocate ( Fig. 412)

Salmo eriox Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 308; Type locality: European seas and rivers. No types known.

Salmo fario Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 309; Type locality: Rivers of Sweden and Switzerland. No types known.

Salmo trutta Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 308; Type locality: European rivers. No types known.

Salmo vario Nau [B. S.] 1787: 22; Type locality: Lohr River near Lohr am Main, Bayern, Germany. No types known.

Salmo albus Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Pennant) 1788: 161; Type locality: Rivers and seas of Great Britain. No types known.

Salmo sylvaticus Gmelin [J. F.] 1789: 1367; Type locality: Norway; Berlin, Germany; Danzig [Gdansk], Poland. Syntypes: ZMB (lost).

Salmo albus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 76; Type locality: Rivers and seas of Great Britain; Carolina, U.S.A. No types known.

Salmo cornubiensis Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 65; Type locality: Lake Lo, Cornwall, England. No types known.

Salmo fario var. loensis Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 61; Type locality: Lake Lo, Cornwall, England. No types known.

Salmo saxatilis Schrank [F. von P.] 1798: 320; Type locality: Bavaria and other localities. No types known. Syntypes: ZSM [old collection] destroyed in WWII.

Salmo fario var. forestensis Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801: 400; Type locality: Europe (several localities); Siberia, Russia. No types known.

Salmo cumberland Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 695, 696; Type locality: Lakes of Cumbreland and Scotland, U.K. No types known.

Salmo gadoides Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 157, 224; Type locality: Trouville pond, near Rouen, France. No types known.

Salmo phinoc Haw [G.] 1804: 54; Type locality: Esk River in Cumberland, Great Britain. No types known.

Salmo cambricus Donovan [E.] 1806: 3 unnum. pp.; Type locality: Glamorganshire and Carmarthenshire, Wales, U.K. No types known.

Trutta fluvialis Dralet [É.-F.] 1821: 18; Type locality: No locality. No types known.

Salmo cambricus Parnell [R.] 1838; Type locality: Loch Leven, Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Salmo lemanus Cuvier [G.] 1829: 303; Type locality: European lakes. Syntypes: MNHN A–8842 (1, dry) Lac Lémon,?5467 (1) Lake Geneva.

Salmo salvelinus var. albus Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] 1832: 338; Type locality: No types known.

Salmo caecifer Parnell [R.] 1838; Type locality: Loch Leven, Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Salmo levenensis Yarrell [W.] (ex Walker) 1839: 9; Type locality: Loch Levin, Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Fario argenteus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 294; Type locality: Many localities. Syntypes: MNHN.

Salar ausonii Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 319; Type locality: Localities in France, Germany, and Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0002 (1), 3647 (1), A–7590 (2), 1953 (2), 3638 to 3643 (8), 3650 and 3651 (2), 3648 (1), 3637 (1), 3652 to 3654 (3), A–8567–68 (1, 1), 3644 to 3646 (3), A–8573 (1), 3649 (1), 3634 (1), A–9702 (1), 3635 and 3636 and 4920 (3).

Salar bailloni Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 342; Type locality: Somme River at Abbeville, France. Lectotype: MNHN 0000–6321. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000–2909 (2) Norway.

Salar gaimardi Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 341; Type locality: Iceland. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–3657 to 0000–3661 (5, poor condition).

Salar spectabilis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 340; Type locality: Neva River at St. Petersburg, Russia. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–3655–0000–3656 and A–7593 (3).

Salmo estuarius Knox [R.] 1855: 4662; Type locality: England and Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Salmo brachypoma Günther [A.] 1866: 87; Type locality: Forth, Tweed and Ouse reivers, England. Syntypes: (7) BMNH uncat. (?) River Ouse.

Salmo gallivensis Günther [A.] 1866: 88; Type locality: Galway and Ballinahuich Fishery, Ireland. Syntypes: (at least 4, but not the hybrids) BMNH 1865.8.30.1–2 (2), 1865.8.30.3 (1), 1865.8.30.8 (1).,?1865.8.30.4–7 (4).

Salmo mistops Günther [A.] 1866: 105; Type locality: Eidfjord River, Norway. Syntypes: (at least 4) BMNH 1865.8.23.2–4 (3), 1865.8.23.8 (1).

Salmo orcadensis Günther [A.] 1866: 91; Type locality: Loch Stennis, Orkney Islands, Scotland. Syntypes: BMNH 1856.9.19.765–766 (2).

Salmo polyosteus Günther [A.] 1866: 111; Type locality: Lapland. Syntypes: (at least 8) BMNH 1 8 6 2.1 0.2 4. 1 5–1 7 (3), 1862.10.24.18–23 (6).

Salmo venernensis Günther [A.] 1866: 110; Type locality: Lake Vänern, Sweden. Syntypes: (at least 7) BMNH 1829.11.8.6 (1), 1853.3.16.37 (1, missing), 1862.3.16.2 (1, stuffed and mounted), 1862.3.16.3 (1, stuffed and mounted).

Salmo rappii Günther [A.] 1866: 82; Type locality: Lake Constance, Europe. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1866.1.10.2–3 (2), ZMB 3718 (1, disintegrated).

Salmo islayensis Thomson [J.] 1873: 86; Type locality: Loch Na- Maorichen, Islay Island, U. K. No types known. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Salmo oxianus Kessler [K. F.] 1874: 35; Type locality: Darmut stream, tributary of Kizil-Su River, Upper Amu Darya River basin, Afganistan. Lectotype: ZMMU P–833. Paralectotypes: BMNH uncat. (1, stuffed), BMNH uncat (skin in bottle); ZMMU P–833a (1), P–1871 (1); none at ZIN.

Trutta variabilis Lunel [G.] 1874: 146; Type locality: Lake Leman, Switzerland. Syntypes: MHNG 807.35 (1), 816.06 (1), 816.07 (1).

Trutta marina Moreau [E.] 1881: 537; Type locality: Meuse, Seine and Loire rivers, France. Syntypes: MNHN.

Salmo lacustris var. rhenana Fatio [V.] 1890: 347; Type locality: Switzerland. Syntypes: MHNG 806.96 (1).

Salmo lacustris var. septentrionalis Fatio [V.] 1890: 354; Type locality: Original not seen. Unneeded substitute name for Salmo lacustris var. rhenana Fatio 1890 .

Salmo lacustris var. romanovi Kavraisky [F. F.] 1896: 43; Type locality: Lake Tabistskhuri, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (20)?BMNH 1897.2.9.21–22 (2).

Salmo trutta aralensis Berg [L. S.] 1908: 317; Type locality: Aral Sea near Amu-Darya River mouth, Kazakhstan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 14418 .

Trutta fario macroptera Chichkoff [G.] 1939: 121 [French p. 177]; Type locality: Struma River basin, Rila range, Bulgaria. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Common name: Pr: Ghezel alay-e khal ghermez, En: Brown trout.

Diagnosis: Fusiform body with little and pointed head, Mouth large, extending mostly after the eye and has well-developed teeth, vomer numerous and strongly developed, caudal peduncle wide and rounded and small scales. Operculum has many spots, dorsal fin branched rays usually 10–12, and orange to rusty-red spots are often present on adult flanks.

Meristic characters: D: III–V 7–12, A: III–IV 9–12, P: 13–14, V: 7–9, LL: 130–136, GR: 14–20, TV: 56–59.

Distribution: Native population found in the Caspian Sea, Namak and Urmia Lake basins but translocated to Tigris basin ( Fig. 413).

Taxonomy.

Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2011).