Synallaxis azarae media Chapman, 1914c: 618

LECROY, MARY & SLOSS, RICHARD, 2000, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 3. Passeriformes: Eurylaimidae, Dendrocolaptidae, Furnariidae, Formicariidae, Conopophagidae, And Rhinocryptidae, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2000 (257), pp. 1-88 : 19-26

Synallaxis azarae media Chapman, 1914c: 618 (Salento

(7000 ft.), Central Andes, Colombia).

Now Synallaxis azarae media Chapman, 1914 . See Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 68.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 112055 , adult female, collect- ed at Salento , 04°38′N, 75°34′W, 7000 ft, Quindío, Colombia, on 27 September 1911, by Arthur A. Allen and Leo E. Miller (no. 638).

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 101) and Fjeldså and Krabbe (1990: 352) considered this taxon a subspecies of S. elegantior , with S. azarae a separate Synallaxis azarae ochracea Zimmer Synallaxis azarae ochracea Zimmer, 1936b: 5 (San Bartolo, Alamor Range, Ecuador; altitude 7500 ft.).

Now Synallaxis azarae ochracea Zimmer, 1936 . See

Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 68.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 171426 , adult male, collected at San Bartolo , ca. 04°02′S, 79°55′W, western slope of Guachanamá, 7500 ft, Alamor Range, Loja, Ecuador, on 5 September 1921, by George K. Cherrie (no. 23882) and Geoffrey Gill.

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 101) and Fjeldså and Krabbe (1990: 352) considered this taxon a subspecies of S. elegantior , with S. azarae a separate species.

Synallaxis azarae urubambae Zimmer Synallaxis azarae urubambae Zimmer, 1935b:3 (Torontoy, Urubamba Cañon, Perú; altitude 7800 feet).

Now Synallaxis azarae azarae d’Orbigny, 1835 . See Remsen et al., 1988: 369, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 68. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 145182 , adult male, collected at Torontoy , ca. 13°10′S, 72°30′W, 7800 ft, Urubamba Cañón, Cuzco, Peru, on 7 July 1916, by Frank M. Chapman and George K. Cherrie.

COMMENTS: Fjeldså and Krabbe (1990: 352) considered urubambae a valid subspecies of S. azarae .

Synallaxis azarae carabayae Zimmer Synallaxis azarae carabayae Zimmer, 1935b: 3 (Santo

Domingo, southeastern Perú; altitude 6000 ft).

Now Synallaxis azarae azarae d’Orbigny, 1835 . See Remsen et al., 1988: 369.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 146173 , adult male, collected at Santo Domingo , 6000 ft, 13°51′S, 69°41′W, Puno, southeastern Peru, on 4 September 1916, by Harry Watkins (no. 65).

COMMENTS: Fjeldså and Krabbe (1990: 352) considered carabayae a valid subspecies of S. azarae . See Ridgely and Tudor (1994: 68) for a discussion of species limits in S. azarae .

Synallaxis griseiventris Allen

Synallaxis griseiventris Allen, 1889a: 91 (Yungas, Bolivia).

Now Synallaxis azarae azarae d’Orbigny, 1835 . See Cory and Hellmayr, 1925: 77, and Remsen et al., 1988: 369. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 30738 , unsexed, collected in the Yungas, 6000 ft, Cochabamba, Bolivia, in 1885, by Dr. Henry H. Rusby. The notation [Male] has been added to the AMNH label by hand unknown.

COMMENTS: Allen (1889a: 77) mistakenly considered Yungas to be a province of Bolivia. Paynter (1992: 168) defined it as a “region in eastern foothills of the Andes... extending from La Paz to Cochabamba ....” Rusby recorded his locality as 18°S on his field label ; thus, he would have been well into Cochabamba.

Synallaxis moesta obscura Chapman Synallaxis moesta obscura Chapman, 1914c: 620 (La Murelia, R. Bodoquera, alt. 600 ft., Caquetá, Colombia).

Now Synallaxis moesta obscura Chapman, 1914 . See Vaurie, 1980: 101, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 75.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 116367 , adult male, collected at Morelia , 600 ft, 01°31′N, 75°41′W, Caquetá, Colombia, on 12 July 1912, by Leo E. Miller (no. 3646).

COMMENTS: For a summary of the various spellings of this locality in the literature, see Paynter (1997: 286). Chapman (1917: 48–49) quoted Miller: “La Morelia is two days’ southeast from Florencia, between the Bodoquera and Pescado. It seems as if the elevation should be greater than Florencia, but the aneroid registered 600 feet.”

AMNH 116366, a female collected at the same locality on 24 July 1912, has mistakenly borne the type label, in Chapman’s handwriting, for this subspecies. In the original description, AMNH 116367, a male, collected on 12 July 1912, is designated as the holotype. In the “Remarks,” Chapman stated, “This race, based on the comparison of two specimens from La Murelia with eleven topotypical specimens of S. m. moesta . ... “ AMNH 116367 and 116366 are the only two specimens collected by Miller at this locality. Therefore, the female specimen is the paratype.

Synallaxis cabanisi fulviventris Chapman Synallaxis cabanisi fulviventris Chapman, 1924: 7 (Yungas, 3600 ft., Cochabamba, Bolivia).

Now Synallaxis cabanisi fulviventris Chapman, 1924 . See

Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 74–75.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 137281 , adult male, collected in the Yungas , 3600 ft, Cochabamba, Bolivia, on 5 June 1915, by Leo E. Miller (no. 12223) and Howarth S. Boyle.

COMMENTS: The part of the Yungas explored by Miller and Boyle was below Locotal, 17°11′S, 65°48′W, Cochabamba, Bolivia.

Synallaxis albescens insignis Zimmer

Synallaxis albescens insignis Zimmer, 1935b: 3 (Quetame, eastern Andes of Colombia; altitude 4800 feet).

Now Synallaxis albescens insignis Zimmer, 1935 . See Meyer de Schauensee, 1964: 205.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 122024 , adult female, collected at Quetame , 04°20′N, 73°51′W, 4800 ft, Cundinamarca, eastern Andes, Colombia, on 26 February 1913,

by Frank M. Chapman, George K. Cherrie, et al.

Synallaxis albescens trinitatis Zimmer Synallaxis albescens trinitatis Zimmer, 1935b: 2 ( Princestown , Trinidad Island). Now Synallaxis albescens trinitatis Zimmer, 1935 . See Peters, 1951: 85. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 59294 , adult male collected at Prince’s Town, 10°16′N, 61°23′W (Times Atlas), Trinidad, on 15 April 1893, by Frank M. Chapman (no. 3209).

Synallaxis albescens inaequalis Zimmer Synallaxis albescens inaequalis Zimmer, 1935b: 2 (Villa Bella Imperatriz (Santa Clara), south bank of Rio Amazonas, Brazil).

Now Synallaxis albescens inaequalis Zimmer, 1935 . See Pinto, 1978: 311.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 277091 , adult male, collected at Vila Bella Imperatriz , Amazonas, Brazil, on 11 August 1930, by the Olalla brothers.

COMMENTS: For a discussion of this locality, see Dendrocincla merula olivascens .

Synallaxis albescens australis Zimmer Synallaxis albescens australis Zimmer, 1935b: 2 (Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay).

Now Synallaxis albescens australis Zimmer, 1935 . See Peters, 1951: 86.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 149500 , adult male, collected at Puerto Pinasco, 22°43′S, 57°50′W, Río Paraguay, Presidente Hayes, Paraguay, on 11 September 1916, by George K. Cherrie (no. 1972) on the Roosevelt – Rondon South American Expedition.

Synallaxis brachyurus griseonuchus Chapman

Synallaxis brachyurus griseonuchus Chapman, 1923b: 12 (Santa Rosa, Prov. del Oro, Ecuador).

Now Synallaxis brachyura chapmani Bangs and Penard, 1919 . See Wiedenfeld et al., 1985: 309, and Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 353.

HOLOTYPE AMNH 171442 , adult male, collected at Santa Rosa, 03°27′S, 79°58′W, sea level, El Oro,

Ecuador, on 18 July 1921, by George K. Cherrie

(no. 23262) and Geoffrey Gill.

Synallaxis pudica caucae Chapman

Synallaxis pudica caucae Chapman, 1914c: 622 (La Manuelita, alt. 3500 ft., near Palmira, Cauca Valley, Colombia). Now Synallaxis brachyura caucae Chapman, 1914 . See Peters, 1951: 86.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 108942 , adult male, collected at La Manuelita, 03°35′N, 76°17′W, 3500 ft, near

Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, on 11 April

1911, by Frank M. Chapman and William B. Richardson.

Synallaxis gujanensis columbianus Chapman Synallaxis gujanensis columbianus Chapman, 1914c: 620 (Buena Vista, alt. 4500 ft., Colombia).

Now Synallaxis gujanensis columbiana Chapman, 1914 . See Meyer de Schauensee, 1964: 206.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 121987 , adult male, collected at Buenavista , 04°10′N, 73°41′W, 4500 ft, above Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia, on 7 March 1913, by Frank M. Chapman, George K. Cherrie, et al.

Synallaxis gujanensis canipileus Chapman Synallaxis gujanensis canipileus Chapman, 1923b: 11 (Rio

Tavara, 1600 ft., long. 70°20′W, lat. 13°25′S, Peru).

Now Synallaxis gujanensis canipileus Chapman, 1923 .

See Peters, 1951: 87.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 132719 , sex?, collected at Río Távara , 1600 ft, Puno, Peru, on 7 June 1915, by Harry and Casimir Watkins (no. 148).

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1972: 32) gave the coordinates of the Río Távara as 69°36′W, 13°22′S, and Stephens and Traylor (1983: 216) accepted these coordinates and stated that Chapman’s coordinates were in error. The coordinates listed by Chapman in the original description of this subspecies, and given above, were written by the Watkinses on their original field label.

Synallaxis simoni Hellmayr

Synallaxis simoni Hellmayr, 1907a: 54 (Rio Araguaya,

Goyaz, Brazil).

Now Synallaxis simoni Hellmayr, 1907 . See Silva, 1995:

76, and Sick, 1997: 570.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 523553 , female, collected on the Rio Araguaia , 550 m, Goiás, Brazil, in August 1906, by Gustave-Adolphe Baer (no. 2370). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: Baer (1907: 292) stated that he collected this specimen at Leopoldina , a village on the R. Araguaia, a tributary of the R. Tocantins. Paynter and Traylor (1991: 40) gave the coordinates of Leopoldina (= Aruanã) as 14°54′S, 51°05′W.

Vaurie (1980: 112) considered S. simoni , known only from the type, to be a pale individual of S. albilora , not a form of S. gujanensis (Peters, 1951: 88) . Hellmayr (1908: 59) considered it intermediate between the two species.

Synallaxis carri Chapman

Synallaxis carri Chapman, 1895: 323 (Caparo, Trinidad).

Now Synallaxis cinnamomea carri Chapman, 1895 . See Junge and Mees, 1958: 80, Vaurie, 1980: 123, 125–126,

and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 81.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 60614 , male, collected at Caparo (the estate of Mr. Albert B. Carr), 7 mi E of Chaguanas, 10°31′N, 61°25′W (Times Atlas), Trinidad, on 27 March 1894, by Frank M. Chapman (no. 3436).

COMMENTS: Ridgely and Tudor (1994: 81) noted that carri may again be considered a full species.

Synallaxis terrestris bolivari Hartert Synallaxis terrestris bolivari Hartert, 1917: 31 (Silla de Caracas, near Caracas).

Now Synallaxis cinnamomea bolivari Hartert, 1917 . See Phelps and Phelps, 1963: 55.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 523670 , adult male, collected at Silla de Caracas , 10°33′N, 66°51′W, Miranda, Venezuela, on 19 January 1914, by Samuel M. Klages (no. 2090). From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: In the original description, the collecting date was given as 19 January 1914; in Hartert (1922: 386), the date was given as 17 January 1917. The former date is the correct one.

Synallaxis striatipectus Chapman Synallaxis striatipectus Chapman, 1899: 156 (Quebrada Seca, Venezuela).

Now Synallaxis cinnamomea striatipectus Chapman, 1899 . See Vaurie, 1980: 123, 125, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 81.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 70393 , female, collected at Villarroel , formerly Quebrada Seca, 10°18′S, 63°57′W, Sucre, Venezuela, on 28 November 1898, by Frederick W. Urich (no. 19).

Synallaxis unirufa meridana

Hartert and Goodson

Synallaxis unirufa meridana Hartert and Goodson, 1917b: 498 (Escorial, 3000 m, Andes of Merida).

Now Synallaxis unirufa meridana Hartert and Goodson, 1917 . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 354, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 66.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 523600 , adult male, collected at Páramo Escorial , ca. 08°38′S, 71°05′W, 3000 m, Merida, Venezuela, on 15 May 1903, by Salomón Briceño Gabaldón and sons. From the Rothschild Collection.

Synallaxis unirufa ochrogaster Zimmer

Synallaxis unirufa ochrogaster Zimmer, 1935b: 4 (La Lejia, north of Chachapoyas, Peru; altitude about 9000 feet).

Now Synallaxis unirufa ochrogaster Zimmer, 1935 . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 354.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 234712 , adult male, collected at La Lejía, ca. 06°10′S, 77°31′W, ca. 9000 ft, N of Chachapoyas , Amazonas, Peru, on 28 February 1925, by Harry Watkins (no. 8839).

COMMENTS: According to Stephens and Traylor (1983: 111), Vaurie’s (1972: 19) coordinates for this locality are incorrect.

Synallaxis rutilans caquetensis Chapman Synallaxis rutilans caquetensis Chapman, 1914c: 621

(Florencia, alt. 1000 ft., Caquetá, Colombia). Now Synallaxis rutilans caquetensis Chapman, 1914 . See

Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 79.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 116376 , adult male, collected at Florencia , 01°36′N, 75°36′W, 1000 ft, Caquetá, Colombia, on 27 June 1912, by Leo E. Miller (no. 3407).

Synallaxis rutilans confinis Zimmer Synallaxis rutilans confinis Zimmer, 1935b: 4 (Igarapé

Cacao Pereira, Rio Negro (right bank), Brazil).

Now Synallaxis rutilans confinis Zimmer, 1935 . See

Pinto, 1978: 315.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 312067 , adult male, collected at Cacao Pereira (= Cacau-pirera) Igarapé , 03°09′S, 60°05′W (Vanzolini, 1992: 42), right bank of the Rio Negro , Amazonas, Brazil, on 23 December 1929, by the Olalla brothers.

COMMENTS: That this locality is a creek at Cacau-pirera is supported by the following quote from Alfonso Olalla’s field notes: “The course of the Cacao Pereira Igarapé covers about three miles, having its source in the earth, it is navigable in a canoe a short distance.” He placed it on the south margin of the Rio Negro, about 31 / 2 miles above Manaus.

Synallaxis rutilans dissors Zimmer Synallaxis rutilans dissors Zimmer, 1935b: 4 (Campos Salles, Manaos [sic], Brazil).

Now Synallaxis rutilans dissors Zimmer, 1935 . See Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 79.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 248587 , adult male, collected at Campos Sales (= Rio Preto da Eva ), 02°47′S, 59°56′W ( Vanzolini , 1992: 48), Amazonas, Brazil, on 26 August 1928, by the Olalla brothers.

Synallaxis rutilans amazonica Hellmayr Synallaxis rutilans amazonica Hellmayr, 1907c: 14 (Itaituba, Santarem) .

Now Synallaxis rutilans amazonica Hellmayr, 1907 . See Vaurie, 1980: 117, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 79.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 523587 , adult female, collect- ed at Itaituba , 04°17′S, 55°59′W, on left bank of middle Rio Tapajós, 250 km SW of Santarém, Pará, Brazil, on 22 January 1906, by Wilhelm Hoffmanns

(no. 481). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: Hartert (1922: 386) incorrectly listed this specimen as a male.

Synallaxis omissa Hartert

Synallaxis omissa Hartert, 1901a: 71 (Pará, Brazil).

Now Synallaxis rutilans omissa Hartert, 1901 . See Vaurie, 1980: 117, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 79.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 523598 , adult female, collect- ed in Pará, Brazil, on 19 July 1879 (not 1897), by Dr. Joseph B. Steere. From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: Ridgely and Tudor (1994: 80) noted that omissa may prove to be a full species.

Synallaxis erythrothorax pacifica Griscom Synallaxis erythrothorax pacifica Griscom, 1930: 3 (San Felipe, Retalhuleu, Pacific slope of Guatemala).

Now Synallaxis erythrothorax pacifica Griscom, 1930 . See Howell and Webb, 1995: 463.

HOLOTYPE AMNH 399149 , adult male, collected at San Felipe , on the highway about 15 km northeast of Retalhuleu, 14°37′N, 91°36′W (Selander and Vaurie, 1962: 52), alt. 2500 ft, Retalhuleu, Guatemala, on 11 December 1919, by Austin Paul Smith (no. 19491). From The Dwight Collection (no. 56259).

Synallaxis rufogularis Cherrie

Synallaxis rufogularis Cherrie, 1916a: 185 (Barão Melgaço, Matto Grosso) .

Now Synallaxis cherriei cherriei Gyldenstolpe, 1930 . See Gyldenstolpe, 1930: 2, Oren and Silva, 1987: 7, and Sibley and Monroe, 1990: 399.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 127726 , adult male, collected at Barão de Melgaço , 11°51′S, 60°43′W, 300–400 m, upper Rio Jiparaná, Rondônia, Brazil, on 9 March 1914, by Leo E. Miller on the Roosevelt–Rondon South American Expedition.

COMMENTS: When Cherrie proposed this name, he was not aware that it was preoccupied by S. rufogularis Gould, 1839 , now a synonym of Asthenes anthoides (King, 1831) (Cory and Hellmayr, 1925: 149) . Gyldenstolpe (1930: 2) proposed S. cherriei as a new name and S. c. napoensis as a new subspecies. Later, Carriker (1934: 321), apparently unaware of Gyldenstolpe’s earlier paper, also renamed the taxon S. cherriei and described S. c. saturata, now considered a synonym of S. c. napoensis.

Synallaxis stictothorax piurae Chapman

Synallaxis stictothorax piurae Chapman, 1919a: 257 (Chilaco, near Samate on the Rio Chira, Prov. Piura, Peru).

Now Synallaxis stictothorax maculata Lawrence, 1874 . See Cory and Hellmayr, 1925: 99, Chapman, 1925: 8,

and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 82.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 163085 , female, collected at Chilaco , ca. 100 m, on the Río Chira, ca. 8 km upriver from Somate, 04°43′S, 80°31′W, Piura, Peru, on 27 May 1919, by Harry Watkins.

Synallaxis stictothorax chinchipensis Chapman

Synallaxis stictothorax chinchipensis Chapman, 1925c: 8 (Perico, Rio Chinchipe, near the Marañon, Peru).

Now Synallaxis chinchipensis Chapman, 1925 . See Sibley and Monroe, 1990: 400, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 83.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 182062 , adult male, collected at Perico , 05°15′S, 78°45′W, ca. 200 m, right bank of Río Chinchipe, Cajamarca, Peru, on 2 August 1923, by Harry Watkins (no. 7-628).

Synallaxis gularis rufipectus Chapman Synallaxis gularis rufipectus Chapman, 1912: 149 (Laguneta, alt. 10,300 ft., Central Andes, west of Quindio

Pass).

Now Hellmayrea gularis gularis (Lafresnaye, 1843) . See

Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 84.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 112040 , adult male, collected at Laguneta , 10,300 ft, ca. 04°35′N, 75°30′W, short distance west of Quindío Pass, Quindío, Colombia, on 6 September 1911 (not 1912, as in published description), by Arthur A. Allen and Leo E. Miller (no. 237).

COMMENTS: See Braun and Parker ( 1985) concerning the use of the generic name Hellmayrea Sztolcman for this species; Vaurie (1980: 92) placed it in Synallaxis .

Synallaxis gularis cinereiventris Chapman Synallaxis gularis cinereiventris Chapman, 1912: 149

(Quintero, alt. 9250 ft., near Merida, Venezuela).

Now Hellmayrea gularis cinereiventris (Chapman, 1912) .

See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 355, and Ridgely and

Tudor, 1994: 84.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 100746 , adult male, collected at Quintero , 9250 ft, ca. 08°40′N, 71°00′W, near Mérida, Mérida, Venezuela, on 13 January 1903, by Salomón Briceño Gabaldón.

COMMENTS: See Braun and Parker ( 1985) concerning the use of the generic name Hellmayrea Sztolcman for this species; Vaurie (1980: 92) placed it in Synallaxis .

Certhiaxis cinnamomea orenocensis Zimmer

Certhiaxis cinnamomea orenocensis Zimmer, 1935b: 5 (Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela). Now Certhiaxis cinnamomea orenocensis Zimmer, 1935 .

See Meyer de Schauensee and Phelps, 1978: 191.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 177379 , adult male, collected at Ciudad Bolívar, 08°08′N, 63°33′W, Bolívar, Venezuela, on 7 April 1905, by George K. Cherrie (no. 13306).

Certhiaxis cinnamomea pallida Zimmer Certhiaxis cinnamomea pallida Zimmer, 1935b: 5 (Igarapé Cacao Pereira, Rio Negro (right bank), Brazil).

Now Certhiaxis cinnamomea pallida Zimmer, 1935 . See

Pinto, 1978: 316.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 313089 , adult male, collected at Cacao Pereira (= Cacau-pirera) Igarapé , 03°09′S, 60°05′W (Vanzolini, 1992: 42), right bank of the Rio Negro , Amazonas, Brazil, on 19 January 1930 by the Olalla brothers.

COMMENTS: For additional information on this locality, see Synallaxis rutilans confinis .

Synallaxis caudacutus Wied

Synallaxis caudacutus Wied, 1831: 692 (Nahe von Rio de Janeiro).

Now Certhiaxis cinnamomea russeola (Vieillot, 1817) . See Cory and Hellmayr, 1925: 114, and Pinto, 1978: 316.

SYNTYPE?: AMNH 6817, adult male, collected by Maximilian, Prince of Wied. From the Maximilian Collection.

COMMENTS: Wied (1831: 693–695) described both male and female, but it seems probable that he did not collect the female himself, because no measurements of a female were given and no female specimen has been found at AMNH (Allen, 1889b: 244). In the original description, Wied (1831: 695–696) said that he first encountered this bird near Rio de Janeiro, and found nests in Cabo Frio, Coral de Battuba, Muribeca, Rio Itabapuana, and Serra de Inua.

Cranioleuca curtata griseipectus Chapman Cranioleuca curtata griseipectus Chapman, 1924: 8 (subtropical Zone below Oyacachi, eastern Ecuador).

Now Cranioleuca curtata cisandina (Taczanowski, 1882) .

See Graves, 1986: 120–122, and Fjeldså and Krabbe,

1990: 357.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 180313 , adult female, collect- ed at Río Oyacachi , below El Chaco, 00°23′S, 77°49′W, Napo, Ecuador, on 5 August 1923, by Olalla and sons.

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1971a, 1980: 128) merged Cranioleuca with Certhiaxis . He (1971b, 1980) considered both “ Certhiaxis ” curtata and furcata to be valid species and 2, and perhaps all 3, of the paratypes of Cranioleuca c. griseipectus to be immatures of furcata, but he included the holotype of griseipectus in his monotypic “ Certhiaxis ” curtata . Graves (1986) argued that furcata is not a valid taxon and that all of these paratypes are immatures of Cranioleuca curtata cisandina , with which C. c. griseipectus has long been synonymized.

The Olallas did not note the altitude at which this type was collected, but Vaurie (1971b: 518) stated that the “river drops very rapidly from 2,500 to 1,500 m. below Chaco,” and that the specimens were probably collected between those two altitudes.

Synallaxis rufigenis Lawrence

Synallaxis rufigenis Lawrence, 1868: 105 ( Costa Rica).

Now Cranioleuca erythrops rufigenis (Lawrence, 1868) . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 357.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 43158, sex?, “received from Costa Rica by A. C. Garsia.” Lawrence (1867: 472– 473), in his description of Heliomaster spectabilis , noted that the type “was received with some other birds from Costa Rica by Alfred C. Garsia, Esq., Consul for the Republic of Costa Rica at Boston, who kindly permitted me to take it from the collection, together with some other species I desired to possess.” From the George N. Lawrence Collection. COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 146, 148) included erythrops in Certhiaxis and did not recognize subspecies.

Synallaxis pallidus Wied

Synallaxis pallidus Wied, 1831: 690 (Campos Geraës) .

Now Cranioleuca pallida (Wied, 1831) . See Ridgely and

Tudor, 1994: 90, and Sick, 1997: 571.

SYNTYPE: AMNH 6816, female, collected at Campos Geraës, Brazil, by Maximilian, Prince of Wied. From the Maximilian Collection.

COMMENTS: Paynter and Traylor (1991: 255) equated this locality with Serra Geral, 15°25′S, 42°48′W, Minas Gerais / Bahia border.

Allen (1889b: 244) mentioned only this female, and it is the only Wied specimen of this species cataloged in AMNH. Both female and male were included in the original description.

Vaurie (1980: 149) included this species in Certhiaxis .

Siptornis antisiensis palamblae Chapman Siptornis antisiensis palamblae Chapman, 1923b: 13 (Palambla, (about 4000 ft) west slope Western Andes, Dept. Piura, Peru).

Now Cranioleuca antisiensis palamblae (Chapman, 1923) . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 358, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 88.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 175304 (not 175034), adult male, collected at Palambla , 05°23′S, 79°37′W, about 4000 ft, west slope of western Andes, Piura, Peru, on 18 October 1922, by Harry Watkins (no.

6403).

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 143–145) included this species in Certhiaxis and did not recognize this subspecies. He followed Koepcke (1961) in considering antisiensis and baroni conspecific, noting that specimens called “ palamblae ” show a “distinct approach to the coloration of baroni. ” Fjeldså and Krabbe (1990: 358) and Ridgely and Tudor (1994: 88) did not agree.

Cranioleuca marcapatae Zimmer Cranioleuca marcapatae Zimmer, 1935b: 5 (Marcapata, southeastern Peru; alt. 10,800 ft.).

Now Cranioleuca marcapatae marcapatae Zimmer, 1935 . See Remsen, 1984: 515, Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 359, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 87.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 448909 , sex?, collected at Marcapata, 10,800 ft, 13°30′S, 70°55′W, Cuzco, Peru, probably in 1905, by George Ockenden. From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 152) placed this species in Certhiaxis .

Cranioleuca marcapatae weskei Remsen

Cranioleuca marcapatae weskei Remsen, 1984: 515 (Cordillera Vilcabamba, elev. 3250 m., 12°36′S, 73°30′W, Dpto. Cuzco, Peru).

Now Cranioleuca marcapatae weskei Remsen, 1984 . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 359, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 87. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 820557, male, collected on

Cordillera Vilcabamba, 3250 m, 12°36′S, 73°30′W,

Cuzco, Peru, on 22 July 1968, by John S. Weske (no.

1825).

Cranioleuca albiceps discolor Zimmer Cranioleuca albiceps discolor Zimmer, 1935b: 5 ( Incachaca , Province of Cochabamba, Bolivia; altitude 7700 feet).

Now Cranioleuca albiceps discolor Zimmer, 1935 . See Remsen, 1984: 517, Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 360, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 86.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 137283 , adult male, collected at Incachaca , 7700 ft, 17°14′S, 65°49′W, Cochabamba, Bolivia, on 20 May 1915, by Leo E. Miller (no. 11906) and Howarth Boyle.

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980) placed this species in Certhiaxis .

Siptornis steinbachi Hartert

Siptornis steinbachi Hartert (in Hartert and Venturi, 1909: 213) (Cachi, province de Salta, 2500 m. altitude).

Now Asthenes steinbachi (Hartert, 1909) . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 370, Sibley and Monroe, 1990: 402, and

Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 103.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 523762 , female, collected at Cachí , 25°06′S, 66°11′W, 2500 m, Salta, Argentina, on 17 April 1905, by José Steinbach (no. 45). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 180) discussed this species under Thripophaga steinbachi .

Siptornis modesta proxima Chapman Siptornis modesta proxima Chapman, 1921a: 83 (TticaTtica, 11,500 feet, near Cuzco, Peru).

Now Asthenes modesta proxima (Chapman, 1921) . See

Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 372.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 145191 , female adult, collect- ed at Ttica-Ttica , 11,500 ft, ca. 5 km NW of Cuzco, ca. 13°30′S, 72°03′W, Cuzco, Peru, on 2 July 1916, by Frank M. Chapman.

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 174–175) placed this species in Thripophaga .

Asthenes cactorum monticola Koepcke Asthenes cactorum monticola Koepcke, 1965: 162 (ca. 25

km nordwestlich von Arequipa am Wege nach Yura,

2300/ 2400 m Hohe, Department von Arequipa).

Now Asthenes cactorum monticola Koepcke, 1965 . See

Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 373.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 786669 , male, collected ca. 25 km NW of Arequipa, 16°24′S, 71°33′W, via road to Yura , Arequipa, Peru, on 25 November 1962, by William George (no. 1742).

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 173) included cactorum in Thripophaga modesta and did not recognize the subspecies monticola.

Siptornis wyatti aequatorialis Chapman Siptornis wyatti aequatorialis Chapman, 1921c: 4 (Mt. Chimborazo, Ecuador, alt. 13,000 ft.).

Now Asthenes wyatti aequatorialis (Chapman, 1921) . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 375, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 110.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 124504 , male adult, collected on Mt. Chimborazo, 01°28′S, 78°48′W, 13,000 ft, Chimborazo, Ecuador, on 3 July 1913, by William B. Richardson.

COMMENTS: Vaurie (1980: 174, 182) included this species in Thripophaga .

Siptornis graminicola azuay Chapman

Siptornis graminicola azuay Chapman, 1923b: 13 (Bestion, 10,100 ft., Prov. del Azuay, Ecuador).

Now Asthenes wyatti azuay (Chapman, 1923) . See Fjeldså and Krabbe, 1990: 375, and Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 110.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 156229 , adult male, collected at Bestion , 10,100 ft, Azuay, Ecuador, on 4 January

1921, by George K. Cherrie (no. 22890).

COMMENTS: Paynter (1993: 19) was uncertain of the location of Bestion. Cherrie, in his notes in the AMNH Department of Ornithology Archives, placed it on the River Shingata, above El Tablon, 7900 ft, in the Oña River Valley; it is probably the village of Bestion at 03°10′S, 79°13′W (Paynter, 1993: 19).

Vaurie (1980: 174, 182) placed wyatti in the genus Thripophaga but did not recognize this subspecies. Ridgely and Tudor (1994: 111) suggested that subspecies graminicola (with azuay) should perhaps be considered specifically distinct, as had been done by Chapman (1926a: 437).

Siptornis punensis cuchacanchae Chapman Siptornis punensis cuchacanchae Chapman, 1921b: 5 (Cu-

chacancha, Bolivia).

Now Asthenes sclateri cuchacanchae (Chapman, 1921) .

See Ridgely and Tudor, 1994: 112.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 137292 , adult male, collected at Cuchicancha , 11,000 ft, 17°21′S, 65°42′W, Cochabamba, Bolivia, on 13 June 1915, by Leo E. Miller (no. 12347) and Howarth S. Boyle.

COMMENTS: Ridgely and Tudor (1994: 112) considered A. sclateri (Cabanis, 1878) , and A. punensis (Berlepsch and Stolzmann, 1901) , conspecific, with sclateri the older name. Fjeldså and Krabbe (1994: 376) called A. wyatti , punensis , and sclateri a superspecies, with cuchacanchae a subspecies of A. punensis . Vaurie (1980: 175, 182) gave punensis full species rank in the genus Thripophaga but did not recognize this subspecies.