Sphictostethus gravesii (Haliday)

Kurczewski, Frank E., West, Rick C., Waichert, Cecilia, Kissane, Kelly C., Ubick, Darrell & Pitts, James P., 2020, New and unusual host records for North American and South American spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae), Zootaxa 4891 (1), pp. 1-112 : 36

Sphictostethus gravesii (Haliday)

CHILE: Biobío Region, Concepción Province, San Pedro de la Paz ; 3 October 2018; L. Sanza (luna_sanza). Host:? Acanthogonatus sp., adult or subadult female. The wasp pulled the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider up a vertical embankment, ventral side upward, grasping its sternum with her mandibles ( Sanza 2018) .

CHILE: Biobío Region, Concepción Province, Nonguén National Reserve ; 28 September 2019; _set_free. Host: Unidentified species ( Nemesiidae ), adult or subadult female. The wasp held the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider upright on the ground, grasping its ventral pedicel with her mandibles (_Set_free 2019) .

CHILE: La Araucanía Region, Cautín Province, Trovolhue; 14 October 2019; A. G. Bustamante (_isique_). Host:? Stenoterommata sp. ( Nemesiidae ), adult or subadult female. The wasp pulled the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider backwards on the ground holding it upright by the pedicel with her mandibles ( Bustamante 2019).

CHILE: La Araucania Region, Malleco Province, Nahuelbuta National Park ; 4 April 2015; P. Vargas Betancourt. Host: Unidentified species ( Nemesiidae ), adult male. The wasp grasped the base of the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider’s 2 nd right leg with her mandibles and dragged it backwards on the ground, holding it upright ( Fig. 3 , Betancourt 2015) .

CHILE: Los Lagos Region, Chiloé Province, Chiloé Island, Ancud; 7 May 2020; L. Tempesta (14t 38). Host: Acanthogonatus cf francki Karsch ( Nemesiidae ), adult or subadult female. A series of photographs shows the wasp straddling the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider on the ground, venter to dorsum, before dismounting and grasping the spider by its left foreleg patella with her mandibles and dragging it, ventral side upward, backwards on the ground ( Tempesta 2020; P. A. Goloboff, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2020 pers. comm.).

CHILE: Los Lagos Region, Osorno Province, Osorno ; 8 September 2018. R. G. Montesinos (raimundoguzman). Host:? Stenoterommata sp., subadult or immature female or male. The wasp dragged the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider backward on the ground, dorsal side upward, grasping its pedicel with her mandibles ( Montesinos 2018; P. A. Goloboff, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2018 pers. comm.) .

CHILE: Los Lagos Region, Osorno Province, Osorno ; 20 March 2020, posted 29 March 2020, R. Huenuanca. Host:? Stenoterommata sp., adult or subadult female. The wasp dragged the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider backward on the ground, upright, grasping its pedicel with her mandibles ( Huenuanca 2020) .

CHILE: Los Ríos Region, Valdivia Province, Valdivia, Teja Island ; 26 July 2009; F. González Cifuentes. Host: Unidentified species ( Nemesiidae ), adult female. The wasp pulled the paralyzed tube trapdoor spider backwards on the ground, holding it upright and grasping its left forecoxa with her mandibles ( González Cifuentes 2009) .

Figures

FIGURES 1–8. 1. Pepsis sumptuosa, female, with immobilized unidentified species (Theraphosidae), adult or subadult female, Los Alcázares Ecopark, Manizales, Caldas Department, Colombia. Photograph: © J. F. L. Duque, Manizales, Caldas Department, Colombia. 2. Pompilocalus caupolican, female, with immobilized Phrixotrichus cf scrofa (Theraphosidae), adult or subadult female, 16 km E of Cañete at the Butamalal River, Arauco Province, Biobío Region, Chile. Photograph: © D. Fenolio, San Antonio Zoo, San Antonio, Texas, United States. 3. Sphictostethus gravesii, female, with immobilized unidentified species (Nemesiidae), adult male, Nahuelbuta National Park, Malleco Province, La Araucania Region, Chile. Photograph: © P. V. Betancourt, Valparaíso, Valparaíso Province, Valparaíso Region, Chile. 4. Sphictostethus xanthopus, female, with immobilized Lycosa sp. (Lycosidae), adult or subadult female, Talcahuano, Concepción Province, Biobío Region, Chile. Photograph: © D. M. Pereira, Talcahuano, Concepción Province, Biobío Region, Chile. 5. Auplopus auripilus, female, with immobilized unidentified species (Anyphaenidae), adult or subadult female, Hacienda Barú Lodge, Guapil, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica. Photograph: © S. Marshall, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. 6. Eragenia coerulipes, female, with immobilized Corinna sp. (Corinnidae), adult or subadult female, Drake Bay, Osa Peninsula, Punatenas Province, Costa Rica. Photograph: © G. Gómez and T. Stice, Drake Bay, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica. 7. Poecilopompilus mixtus, female, with immobilized unidentified species (Araneidae), adult female, Misahualli, Napo Province, Ecuador. Photograph: © A. Kay, Puyo, Pastaza Province, Ecuador. 8. Priochilus gloriosum, female, with immobilized unidentified species (Sparassidae), subadult male, opposite embankment of Amazon River, Cumaceba Lodge, Loreto, Peru. Photograph: © W. Lamar, Tyler, Texas, United States.