Gnomidolon franciscoi, García, 2019

García, Kimberly, 2019, A new species of Gnomidolon Thomson, 1864 and taxonomic and geographical notes on Hexoplonini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from Colombia, Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 59, pp. 1-7 : 2-5

Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov.

( Figs. 1 E‑1H)

Description: Female: Integument reddish, darker in some areas. Pedicel, antennomere III, and legs black. Antennomere IV-XI light brown, lighter toward apex of antennae. Elytra reddish; each elytron with a black curve band, beginning at middle of anterior fifth, from outer margin toward sutural margin and backing toward outer margin reaching middle of elytron; together both black bands form a “X”, each black band surrounds a pale yellow area; below black band there is a pale yellow area and then a reddish area; elytral apex pale yellow, surrounded by a fine black line anteriorly.

Head: Frons tumid; with distinct sulcus near clypeus; sparsely and coarsely punctate; with irregular wrinkles and short decumbent setae along longitudinal suture, and two long erect setae. Area between antennal tubercles and upper eyes lobes tumid, microsculptured. Vertex irregularly striate; with sparse, coarse punctation and short decumbent setae interspersed with long erect setae. Antennal tubercles elevated, acute at apex, irregularly striate, with sparse and coarse punctation. Longitudinal sulcus only evident in frons and area between antennal tubercles. Submentum with transverse coarse wrinkles and long, erect setae. Genae with coarse punctation and long, decumbent setae. Distance between upper eye lobes 3.5 times width of an upper eye lobe. Antennae 2.2 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at antennomere VIII. Scape cylindrical, with apex projected on outer margin; densely and finely punctate, with a few long, erect setae. Pedicel with long erect setae at apex. Antennomeres III-VII multicarinate, with carinae more evident in III and IV; and with long, erect setae at inner side. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.74; pedicel = 0.11; IV = 0.75; V = 0.79;VI = 0.72;VII = 0.64;VIII = 0.56; IX = 0.50; X = 0.44; XI = 0.55.

Thorax: Prothorax cylindrical, with parallel sides; 1.8 times longer than wide. Surface of pronotum smooth, with a few short, decumbent setae, interspersed with a few long, erect setae. Lateral sides of prothorax with same sculpture as remaining. Prosternum slightly striat- ed on anterior half, smooth on remaining surface; with sparse, short, decumbent setae. Prosternal process pu- bescent; slightly narrowed at middle and expanded toward apex; posterior margin truncate; width at narrowest point about 0.2 times of procoxal cavity width. Mesanespisternum and mesepimeron densely pubescent. Mesoventrite pubescent; tumid toward mesoventral process. Mesoventral process pubescent; emarginated at apex; width at narrowest point about half of mesocoxal cavity width. Metanepisternum densely pubescent. Metaventrite smooth; with sparse short, decumbent setae interspersed with a few long, erect setae; densely pubescent in lateroanterior and lateroposterior margins. Scutellum pubescent, denser at apex; posteri- or margin rounded. Elytra with dense, coarse punctation on anterior half, sparser and finer toward apex; with long erect setae organized in three longitudinal rows, irregularly aligned toward apex. Apex of elytra truncate, with long outer spine, 0.8 times length of pedicel; inner angle not projected.

Legs: Pro- and mesofemora subfusiform, metafemora cylindrical; with sparse long, erect setae. Mesofemoral apices projected in spicule at outer margin and with a spine at inner margin; metafemoral apices with small spicule at inner margin and long spine at outer margin, 1.9 times length of pedicel.Tibiae carinate (mainly meso- and metatibiae); with sparse long, erect setae, denser toward apex. Metatarsomere I slightly shorter than II-III together.

Abdomen: Ventrites laterally pubescent; with sparse long, erect setae. Ventrite I subequal in length than II-III together. Apex of ventrite V rounded.

Variability: Some specimens have darker integument, being light brown. Antennae of female shorter. The antennae are lighter in one of the specimens (reddish). The ventral pubescence is sparser in some specimens. The black line that surrounds the apical pale yellow area in the elytra can be lighter or absent.

Measurements (in mm): Holotype, female, total length (w/ spine): 10.9, prothorax length: 2.9, largest prothoracic width: 1.6, elytral length (w/ spine): 6.7, humeral width: 2.2. Paratypes, ♂ / ♀, n = 2 / 1. Total length (w/ spine): 10.8-12.2 / 8.4, prothorax length: 2.9-3.4 / 2.3, largest prothoracic width: 1.7-1.9 / 1.1, elytral length (w/ spine): 6.5-7.2 / 5.1, humeral width: 2.1-2.4 / 1.6.

Type material: Holotype female: COLOMBIA, Bolívar : San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51’12.4”N, 75°10’41.4”W, tropical dry forest), 15.IV.2018, García, K. col., beating sheet, MPUJ_ENT 0061409 ( MPUJ).

Paratypes: PANAMÁ, Bayano : (E. cañitas, 28 km), 1 male, 07.VI.1984, Hovore, F.T. col. ( CAS) ; Cerro azul/ Jefé , 1 female, 21.I.1996, Hovore, F.T. col ( CAS) . COLOMBIA, Atlántico: Usiacurí ( Reserva Campesina La Montaña , 260 m, 10°46.0’2.6”N, 75°00.2’34.0”W, tropical dry forest), 1 male, 09.VI.2018, García, K. col., manual capture ( UARC) ; Bolívar: San Jacinto ( Reserva La Flecha , 324 m, 09°51’12.4”N, 75°10’41.4”W, tropical dry forest), X.2015, Mendoza, I. col., manual capture ( UARC) ; Chocó: (PNN los katios, centro administrativo Sautatá , 30 m, 07°51’N, 77°08’W, forest), 1 female, 20.XI-12.XII.2003, Lopez, P. col., Malaise, IAvH-E-209965 ( IAVH) .

Etymology: The species epithet is in honor of my friend and colleague Francisco Nascimento (MZSP), for his contribution to the knowledge of Cerambycidae in the Neotropical Region.

Remarks: Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov. is similar to G. bellus Martins & Galileo, 2002 ( Fig. 1 C-1D), G. biarcuatum ( White, 1855) , G. musivum (Erichson, 1847) and G.rubricolor Bates, 1870 by the general pattern of elytra col- or, with an oblique band on each elytron, forming a “X” when together; the pale yellow area below the oblique band and the elytral apex pale yellow with a long outer spine. Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov. differs of G. bellus in having the legs and antennae black; the “X” black band extends reaching the external margin anteriorly; and a black line delimiting anteriorly the pale yellow area of the elytral apex (although this black line can disappear in some specimens). In G. bellus the pro- and mesolegs, the metatibiae, and the antennae are yellow; the “X” black band does not extend to the external margin anteriorly; and the black line above the pale yellow area in the elytral apex is absent. Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov. differs of G. biarcuatum in having dark femora; the “X” black band reaches the external margin anteriorly; and the anterior region of elytra reddish. Gnomidolon biarcuatum has the pro- and mesofemora yellow and the metafemora black; the “X” black band does not reach the external margin anteriorly; and the general coloration of elytra is yellowish. Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov. differs of G. musivum in having the elytral “X” band black and continuous; the legs and antennae black; and the outer spine of mesofemora projected. In G. musivum the elytral “X” band is pale yellow and discontinuous; the legs and antennae are reddish; and the mesofemora apex is not projected. Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov. differs of G. rubricolor in having the“X” black band backing toward the outer margin reaching the middle of the elytron; black femora; and having equal spines in the mesofemora. Gnomidolon rubricolor does not have the“X” black band backing toward the outer margin; the femora are light reddish; and the inner spine of mesofemora is more projected than the outer spine. Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov. is also similar to G.varians Gounelle, 1909 by having prothorax without microsculpture and longitudinal bands, the elytral apex pale yellow (in some specimens of G. varians ) with a long outer spine and metafemora concolorous with pro- and mesofemora. Gnomidolon franciscoi sp. nov. differs from G.varians in having reddish integument; scape apex projected at outer margin; a “X” black band on elytra; dark antennae and legs. Gnomidolon varians have yellowish integument; scape subcylindrical; elytra without “X” black band; and antennae and legs yellow.

According to the key to species of Gnomidolon ( Martins, 2006) , the new species can be inserted as follows (translated and modified):

26(25) Metafemora with different coloration of pro- and mesofemora...27

— Metafemora concolorous with pro- and mesofemora...................28

27(26) Light band of apical half of elytra straight;metafemora generally black or dark brown. (Prothorax elongated; size of elytra equal to 2.2-2.4 times the size of prothorax). Peru........... G.peruvianum Martins,1960

— Other coloration patterns .............................................................27’

27’(27) Smaller size (8.2-9.0 mm); apical 2/3 of metafemora black; prothorax reddish or black. Colombia (Atlántico,Bolívar, Tolima)..... ...................................................... G. bellus Martins & Galileo,2002

— Greater size (10.6-13.3 mm); metafemora orange, darker on inner face; prothorax black, dark brown or reddish with black band on center of pronotum. Venezuela, Guiana, Guiana Francesa, Peru, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso)... G. biarcuatum ( White, 1855)

28(26) Elytra mainly yellowish except for dark brown band with variable shape; antennae and legs yellowish. Brazil (Paraíba to Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso, Goiás), Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay.............. ................................................................. G.varians Gounelle,1909

— Basal third of elytra reddish; apical third of elytra reddish except for pale yellow band on apex;antennae and legs reddish-brown or black. Colombia (Atlántico, Bolívar,Chocó)........ G.franciscoi sp.nov.

Figures

Figure 1. (A-B) Glyptoscapus pallidulus (White, 1855): (A) dorsal view, male; (B) dorsal view female. (C-D) Gnomidolon bellus Martins & Galileo, 2002: (C) dorsal view,paratype male;(D) dorsalview,male.(E-H) Gnomidolon franciscoisp.nov.,holotype,female:(E) dorsalview;(F) ventral view;(G) lateral view;(H) frontal view.