Hongshuia banmo, Zhang, E, Qiang, Xin & Lan, Jia-Hu, 2008

Zhang, E, Qiang, Xin & Lan, Jia-Hu, 2008, Description of a new genus and two new species of labeonine fishes from South China (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), Zootaxa 1682, pp. 33-44 : 40-41

Hongshuia banmo , new species

( Figs. 2 B, 3B, 4B; Table 1 )

Holotype: IHB 200410806, 57.4 mm SL, China, Guangxi Province, Pearl River drainage, Hongshui He at Banmo village, Tian’e County, approximately 25º01’N, 107º10’E; J. H. Lan; October, 2004.

Paratypes: IHB, 200410805, 200410807-14, 9 ex., 38.7–46.3 mm SL, same data as holotype.

Diagnosis. A species of Hongshuia having rostral fold covered sparsely with weakly developed papillae, shallowly indented distal margin; median lobe of lower lip with anterior half of ring-like fold papillated; tubercle on tip of snout and anterior portion of lachrymal tiny, short, conical with blunt tips; short dorsal fin (length 21.8–23.4 % SL); dorsal-fin origin equidistant from tip of snout and caudal-fin base; no black blotch on middle interradial membranes between branched dorsal-fin rays; and short snout (length 42.5–47.7 % of H).

Description. Morphometric data are summarized in Table 1 . Refer to Figures 2 B and 3B for general body appearance and morphology of the oromandibular structures, respectively. Body elongate, cylindrical anteriorly and slightly compressed posteriorly, with greatest body depth anterior to dorsal-fin origin and least depth of caudal peduncle nearer to caudal-fin base than to posterior end of anal-fin base. Dorsal profile of body from tip of snout to dorsal-fin origin somewhat convex; slightly concave from there to origin of dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays. Ventral profile of body from snout tip to anal-fin origin rounded; slightly concave from analfin origin to origin of ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays.

Head relatively small, slightly depressed, longer than width and wider than height. Eye small, dorsolaterally located in middle of head, with a wide, slightly convex interorbital space. Snout rounded when viewed dorsally, obtuse when viewed laterally, with many tubercles on tip of snout and anterior part of lachrymal, irregularly arranged in tow rows ( Fig. 4 B); tubercles tiny, short, conical with blunt tips. Side of snout with a shallow furrow extending from rostral barbel base to lateral extremity of rostral fold along anteroventral bor- der of lachrymal. Two pairs of barbels, well-developed, almost equal to or shorter than eye diameter. Rostral barbels situated at anterior end of shallow furrow on side of snout. Maxillary barbels rooted at corner of mouth or next to lateral extremity of rostral fold, slightly longer than rostral barbels. Mouth inferior, slightly arch-shaped.

Rostral fold slightly crenulated with a shallowly indented distal margin, covered sparsely with weaklydeveloped papillae, disconnected from lower lip at corners of mouth, or terminating next to base of maxillary barbel. Upper lip absent. Upper jaw bearing a thick, flexible, cornified sheath, covered by rostal fold, disconnected from lower lip at corners of mouth. Lower lip divided into two lateral lobes and one median lobe. Lateral lobe small, oval or elliptical, covered sparsely with weakly-developed papillae, situated between maxillary barbel base and median lobe. Median lobe large, modified into a round, fleshy plate, positioned between two lateral lobes. Fleshy plate peripherally greatly protruded so as to form a ring-like fold, but centrally sunken so as to form a round, flat, fleshy pad. Anterior half of this fold covered sparsely with weaklydeveloped papillae, but posterior half and this fleshy pad smooth. Ring-like fold anteriorly separated from lower jaw by a transverse, deep, arched groove; this groove prolonged backwards and posteromedially along lateral and posterolateral margins of ring-like fold to become a shallow one separating them from mental region. Posteromedian of ring-like fold posteriorly progressively reduced to be continuous with mental region. Lower jaw bearing a thick, flexible, cornified cutting edge.

Dorsal fin with three unbranched and 7* (10) branched rays, last one split to base; origin equidistant from tip of snout and caudal-fin base; last unbranched ray shorter than HL, distal margin slightly concave. Pectoral fin with one unbranched and 13*(7) or 14 (3) branched rays; third and fourth branched rays longest; tip of depressed fin reaching beyond midway to pelvic- fin origin. Pelvic fin with one unbranched and 7*(10) branched rays, inserted vertically behind dorsal-fin origin; second branched ray longest; tip of depressed fin not reaching anal-fin origin but beyond vent, axillary scales long, extending beyond basis of last ray. Anal-fin having three unbranched and 5*(10) branched rays, last one split to base; distal margin somewhat concave; origin nearer to pelvic-fin origin and to caudal-fin base. Two scales between vent and anal-fin origin. Caudal deeply forked; both lobes pointed, upper slightly longer than lower

Scales moderately large. Lateral line complete, horizontal, 37*(8) or 38 (3) plus 3 scales on caudal- fin base. Predorsal midline scales smaller than flank scales, irregularly arranged, not embedded under skin. Circumpeduncular scales 16*(10). 1/2 5 /1 /4 1/2 *(10) scales in transverse row anterior to pelvic fin. Chest and belly scaled; scales along midventral region smaller than flank scales, embedded beneath skin. Air bladder bipartite, anterior chamber oval and posterior chamber stick-like or elongate, twice as long as anterior one. Pharyngeal teeth biserial; teeth pattern 3,5-5,3 (1), with compressed and pointed tips. Vertebrae 23+16 =39 (3), 24 +15=38 (5), or 24+16 = 40*(2).

Coloration. Ground color of body yellow, slightly lighter ventrally. Dorsal and lateral parts of head grayish. An indistinct longitudinal black stripe extending along lateral line on flank and ending in a large blotch on caudal-fin base, broad anterior to vertical through posterior end of anal-fin base, with its width occupying approximately two scales widths, but narrow on caudal peduncle, with one scale width. Each scale on back and flank above second scale row below lateral line with dark chromatophores along exposed portion of its posterior margin forming a faint, dusky, crescentic mark. Dorsal fin with a black base, and all rays hyaline. Dorsal surface of pectoral fin with a lot of small, scattered, dark chromatophores along branched rays, more so on last unbranched ray. Caudal fin dusky with an indistinct submargin stripe along lobe. All other fins hyaline.

Distribution. Known only from the Hongshui He of the Pearl River drainage in Tian’e County, Guangxi Province, China ( Fig. 5 ).

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Chinese name of the type locality, ‘Ban Mo,’ used as a noun in apposition.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Lower lip morphology in: (A) Hongshuia paoli, IHB 200210911, holotype, 54.3 mm SL; (B) Hongshuia banmo, IHB 200410806, holotype, 57.4 mm SL; (C) Sinocrossocheilus guizhouensis, IHB 6650508, 59.0 mm SL.

FIGURE 4. Tubercles on tip of snout and anterior portion of lachrymal in: (A) Hongshuia paoli, IHB 200210911, holotype, 54.3 mm SL; (B) Hongshuia banmo, IHB 200410806, holotype, 57.4 mm SL.

FIGURE 5. Map showing distributions of two species of Hongshuia in South China.