Hyadinini Phillips

Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2019, New taxonomic twists in shore flies as revealed in discovery of Neozealides, a new genus from New Zealand (Diptera: Ephydridae), Zootaxa 4656 (3), pp. 487-500 : 488-489

Tribe Hyadinini Phillips et alia

Hydrinini Cresson 1944: 175. Type genus: Hydrina of authors, not Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 (= Philygria Stenhammar 1844 ), unavailable, based on a junior homonym.

Hyadinini Phillips et alia in Cresson 1949: 251. Type genus: Hyadina Haliday in Curtis 1837 .— Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1995: 200–214 [world catalog].— Hollmann-Schirrmacher 1998: 29, 45–56 [discussion].— Zatwarnicki & Ryczko 2014: 495– 515 [phylogenetic analysis].

Philygriini [nomen nudum].— Wirth & Stone 1956: 469.

Philygriini Lizarralde de Grosso 1989: 51 . Type genus: Philygria Stenhammar 1844 .— Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1995: 190–200 [world catalog].— Hollmann-Schirrmacher 1998: 50 [synonymy with Hyadinini ].

Diagnosis. The tribe Hyadinini is similar to Ilytheini but is distinguished by the following combination of characters: Aristal hairs tending to be reduced (sometimes secondarily moderately well developed); acrostichal setae reduced, prescutellar pair lacking; dorsocentral setae frequently reduced in size and/or number (1+2, 0+2, or sutural+1); subepandrial plate fused with gonite dorsally, forming a rounded projection, sometimes joined medially over aedeagus to form a gonal arch (= subepandrial plate); gonites and hypandrium usually fused; gonite produced posteriorly as a long triangular to almost parallel sided projection, with apex variously modified.

Discussion. The monophyly of the tribe Hyadinini is established by the following synapomorphies ( Zatwarnicki 1992: 76; Hollmann-Schirrmacher 1998: 50): (1) reduction of scutellar/prescutellar acrostichal setae; (2) fusion of gonite with hypandrium; (3) reduction of dorsocentral setae; (4) lack of long branches on the arista; and (5) ventral elongation of the epandrium.

Only four described genera of the tribe Hyadinini occur in New Zealand, and one, Neozealides , the subject of this paper, and Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch are apparently endemic to these islands. The four genera can be identified by the key that follows. Edmiston & Mathis (2007) revised the three New Zealand species of Nostima, Mathis & Zatwarnicki (2019) revised the single species of Hyadina and the eleven species of Parahyadina , and herein, we treat the two New Zealand species of Neozealides .

The New Zealand fauna of Neozealides and Parahyadina are anomalous within Hyadinini . For example, the two New Zealand species of Neozealides , N. irrorata (Tonnoir & Malloch) and N. obscurifrons (Tonnoir & Malloch) , are endemic to the islands of New Zealand and are more closely related to the Hyadina and Philygria groups of genera that Zatwarnicki & Ryczko (2014) recently recognized rather than to species within Hyadina , the genus in which they were initially described. Thus, the New Zealand fauna of Hyadinini is structurally and phylogenetically diverse, which is undoubtedly a reflection of their varied evolution as well as the historical biogeography of the included taxa.