Aplidium kottae Brunetti, 2007

Lambert, Gretchen, 2019, The Ascidiacea collected during the 2017 British Columbia Hakai MarineGEO BioBlitz, Zootaxa 4657 (3), pp. 401-436 : 403

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4657.3.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:86DD93B2-E8F4-4174-B105-9436357CB4B6
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5941171
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A2E3761-A930-FFC7-1390-FB9DD91AF82D
treatment provided by	Plazi (2019-08-20 06:55:10, last updated 2024-11-29 11:27:52)
scientific name	Aplidium kottae Brunetti, 2007
status

Treatment

Figure 2 View FIGURE 2 A–D

IHAK 10 BHAK 0540 UF 2459. Fifth Beach cove and boulders, intertidal.

IHAK 22 BHAK 1682, 1683. UF 2512, 2513. Mercury Islet, Scuba, 5–15 m.

IHAK 28 Second Beach shallow, Scuba. Large colony, 9 cm across.

IHAK 37 Crazy Town surge channel shallow, Scuba.

IHAK 42 BHAK 1712 UF 2526. Starfish Rocky Reef.

IHAK 60 Rattenbury Pinnacle, Scuba, 17–20 m depth .

RHAK 6 Seventh Beach north wall low intertidal tidepool. Clumps with Euherdmania claviformis ( Ritter, 1903 and Eudistoma ritteri Van Name, 1945 .

SHAK 25 BHAK 0629, 0630 UF 2480, 2481. Sixth Beach low intertidal rocky.

ZHAK 35 Fifth Beach, Sasquatch’s Commode tidepool.

The colonies are typically reddish or reddish orange though a few are tan and brown; they may attain a size of several cm or more. There may occasionally be some sand in the basal layer of tunic. The zooids are usually arranged in more or less circular systems, and out of water the colony surface is marked with depressions at the locations of the common cloacal apertures, especially when the zooids are contracted. The zooids are larger in size and also longer than those of A. californicum ( Ritter & Forsyth, 1917) , with 14–16 rows of stigmata. The atrial languet is bifid or trifid at its tip ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 ). See Van Name (1945) for description (as Amaroucium solidum ).

This is the species long known as Aplidium solidum ( Ritter & Forsyth, 1917) (described as Amaroucium solidum ). It is common along the entire U.S. and British Columbia coast. Unfortunately a different species, Psammaplidium solidum , described by Herdman in 1899 from Australia, became Aplidium solidum (Herdman, 1899) after the synonymizing of Psammaplidium Herdman, 1886 under Aplidium Savigny, 1816 . Because this species is so common and well known along the North American west coast, in future publications Aplidium kottae should be referenced as “formerly Aplidium solidum ( Ritter & Forsyth, 1917) (see Brunetti 2007)”. Distribution: British Columbia to southern California and Mexico ( Van Name 1945; Lambert CC et al. 1996; Lamb & Hanby 2005).

References

Brunetti, R. (2007) Nomenclatural Acts: homonymy in the Ascidiacea (Tunicata) and proposed nomina nova. Zootaxa, 1613, 67 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1613.1. 5

Lamb, A. & Hanby, B. P. (2005) Marine Life of the Pacific Northwest - A Photographic Encyclopedia of Invertebrates, Seaweeds and Selected Fishes. Harbour Publishing, Madeira Park, BC., 398 pp.

Ritter, W. E. (1903) The structure and affinities of Herdmania claviformis, the type of a new genus and family of ascidians from the coast of California. In: Mark Anniversary Volume 1903, 237 - 261.

Ritter, W. E. & Forsyth, R. A. (1917) Ascidians of the littoral zone of southern California. University of California Publications in Zoology, 16, 439 - 512.

Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Aplousobranchia, Polyclinidae. A–D, Aplidium kottae. A, B: part of colony; C: siphons of a single zooid; D: tad- pole. E: Aplidium californicum. F–H: Aplidium sp. F, G: part of colony; H: zooid. Scale bars: A, 1.4 cm; B, 0.7 cm; C, 34 µm; D, 143 µm; E, 0.7 cm; F, 1 cm; G, 4 mm; H, 1 mm.