Koebeliini Baker, 1897

Zahniser, James N. & Dietrich, Chris H., 2013, A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 45, pp. 1-211 : 100-101

Koebeliini Baker, 1897

Figs 30 , 31

Type genus: Koebelia Baker, 1897 .

= Grypotini Haupt, 1929 .

Diagnosis

Koebeliini are small to medium sized, yellow, light green, or brown leafhoppers. They can be identified by the ocelli distant from the eyes, clypellus long, narrow and extending well beyond the normal curve of the gena, and metatarsomere I with platellae on the plantar surface.

Description

HEAD. Head subequal to or wider than pronotum. Discal portion of crown glabrous with radial or longitudinal striae or shagreen. Anterior margin of head foliaceous (Koebeliina) or shagreen, with transverse striations, or carinate (Grypotina). Frontoclypeus not tumid; texture shagreen. Clypellus narrow; parallel-sided or tapering apically; apex far-surpassing normal curve of gena. Lorum subequal to or wider than clypellus near base. Antennal bases near middle or posteroventral (lower) corners of eyes or near anterodorsal (upper) corners of eyes. Antennae short, less than 1.5 x width of head. Gena obtusely incised laterally, with fine erect seta beside laterofrontal suture. Antennal ledges absent. Ocelli present; distant from eyes; on anterior margin of head (Grypotina) or on face (Koebeliina).

THORAX. Pronotum lateral margin carinate or not; lateral margin shorter than basal width of eye.

WINGS. Forewing macropterous or submacropterous; appendix absent, reduced, or restricted to anal margin; with 3 anteapical cells; veins not raised or slightly raised; without reflexed costal veins; A1-A2 crossvein absent.

LEGS. Profemur with AM1 seta only; intercalary row with one row of five or more fine setae or reduced or absent; row AV with short, stout setae or with relatively long macrosetae. Protibia dorsal surface rounded, convex or flat, AD and PD margins at ~90º angles but not carinate. Metafemur apex macrosetae 2+2+1, 2+2, 2+1, 2+1+1, or 2+2+1+1. Metatarsomere I not expanded apically; plantar surface with one or more platellae.

MALE GENITALIA. Valve articulated with pygofer; lateral margin short, articulating with pygofer at a point. Pygofer basolateral membranous cleft present; macrosetae absent or reduced (≤ two rows) or well differentiated into several rows. Subgenital plates free from each other; articulated with valve; macrosetae scattered, irregularly arranged. Style broadly bilobed basally, median anterior lobe pronounced. Basal processes of the aedeagus/connective absent or reduced. Aedeagus with single shaft and gonopore; often asymmetrical. Connective anterior arms somewhat divergent, Y -shaped; articulated with or fused to aedeagus.

FEMALE GENITALIA. Pygofer with macrosetae reduced or absent or with numerous macrosetae. Ovipositor protruding far beyond pygofer apex or not. First valvula convex or not strongly convex, dorsal sculpturing pattern strigate, concatenate, reticulate, or with rectangular shaped cells; sculpturing reaching dorsal margin or submarginal; without distinctly delimited ventroapical sculpturing. Second valvula broad and gradually tapered apically, gradually broadened medially or subapically, or slender throughout; without dorsal median tooth; teeth on apical 1/3 or more or restricted to apical 1/4 or less; teeth large and regularly shaped or small, regularly or irregularly shaped.

Geography and ecology

Distribution: Palearctic, Oriental, and Nearctic regions. This tribe has an interesting disjunct distribution between the two subtribes, Koebeliina (western North America) and Grypotina (Oriental and Palearctic regions). Grypotes puncticollis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1834) is adventive in the northeastern United States ( Wheeler 1989). All host records of Koebeliini are from Pinus spp. G. puncticollis feeds on P. sylvestris L. (Scotch pine) and has also been recorded from Swiss mountain pine, P. mugo Turra ( Wheeler 1989) and P. nigricans Host.

Remarks

Koebeliini contains 6 genera and 15 species. Phylogenetic analyses strongly support its monophyly ( Grypotellus and Koebelia included in analyses) and suggest (with little or no branch support) that the tribe may be related to Mukariini or Cochlorhinini, with which it shares the presence of platellae on metatarsomere I.

Selected references

Oman (1971), Dietrich & Dmitriev (2003), Dmitriev (2003).

Included subtribes:

Figures

Fig. 30. Koebeliini (Grypotina). Grypotes puncticollis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1834). A–I. Standard views (see Material & Methods). H-I. Aedeagus shown with partially fused connective at base.

Fig. 31. Koebeliini (Koebeliina). Koebelia grossa Ball, 1909. A–I. Standard views (see Material & Methods).