Glossocratina Dmitriev, 2002

Zahniser, James N. & Dietrich, Chris H., 2013, A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 45, pp. 1-211 : 93-95

Glossocratina Dmitriev, 2002

Fig. 27

Type genus: Glossocratus Fieber, 1866 .

Diagnosis

Glossocratina are medium sized to large brownish leafhoppers. They are distinguished from Hecalina by the laterofrontal sutures keeled above the antennal pits, gena sometimes without a fine erect seta beside the laterofrontal suture, apodemes of male sternite II not as developed as in Hecalina , ovipositor not protruding far beyond the pygofer apex, and second valvula with teeth. Nymphs can be distinguished from Hecalina by the oblique lateral carina extending from antennal pit to margin of head, outer margin of the gena angulate, anal tube with a long apical process, and body covered with short setae ( Dmitriev, 2002).

Description

HEAD. Head subequal to or wider than pronotum. Discal portion of crown radially or longitudinally striate or shagreen. Anterior margin of head foliaceous or with 2 or 3 parallel carinae. Frontoclypeus tumid or not; texture shagreen. Laterofrontal sutures keeled above antennal pits. Clypellus parallelsided, tapering apically, or widening apically; apex following or slightly surpassing normal curve of gena. Lorum subequal to or wider than clypellus near base. Antennal bases near middle or posteroventral (lower) corners of eyes. Antennae short, less than 1.5 x width of head. Gena strongly incised laterally (nearly forming right angle); with or without fine erect seta beside laterofrontal suture. Antennal ledges absent. Ocelli present; close to eyes; on anterior margin of head.

THORAX. Pronotum lateral margin carinate; lateral margin as long as or longer than basal width of eye.

WINGS. Forewing brachypterous to macropterous; appendix restricted to anal margin or large, extending around wing apex; with 3 anteapical cells; veins not raised; without reflexed costal veins; A1-A2 crossvein absent or present; apical venation not highly reticulate.

LEGS. Profemur with AM1 seta only or with AM1 and with one or more additional proximal setae; intercalary row setae not in one row or scattered; row AV with relatively long macrosetae. Protibia dorsal surface rounded, convex. Metafemur apex macrosetae 2+2+1 or 2+2+1 and with additional proximal macrosetae. Metatarsomere I expanded apically; plantar setae simple, tapered.

MALE GENITALIA. Apodemes of male sternite II not as long as those of sternite I (sternite II apodemes less developed than in Hecalina ). Valve articulated with pygofer; with short point of articulation with pygofer. Pygofer dorsoapical margin incised to near mid-length; basolateral membranous cleft present; macrosetae well differentiated into several rows. Subgenital plates free from each other; articulated with valve; macrosetae uniseriate laterally. Style broadly bilobed basally, median anterior lobe pronounced. Basal processes of the aedeagus/connective absent. Aedeagus without basal hinge; with a single shaft and gonopore. Connective anterior arms somewhat divergent, Y - or U -shaped; articulated with aedeagus.

FEMALE GENITALIA. Pygofer with numerous macrosetae. Ovipositor not protruding far beyond pygofer apex. First valvula not strongly convex; dorsal sculpturing pattern granulose or maculose; sculpturing reaching dorsal margin; without distinctly delimited ventroapical sculpturing. Second valvula very broad; gradually or abruptly broadened medially or subapically; with or without dorsal median tooth; teeth on apical 1/3 or more; teeth small, regularly or irregularly shaped.

Geography and ecology

Distribution: Palearctic, Afrotropical and Oriental regions. Glossocratina are grass feeders.

Remarks

Glossocratina contains the type genus and 29 species.

Included genera

Glossocratus Fieber, 1866

Figures

Fig. 27. Hecalini (Glossocratina). Glossocratus afzelii (Stål, 1854). A–I. Standard views (see Material & Methods). G. Connective and style shown with aedeagus. J. Dorsal view of ♂ abdominal sternites I-III (partial view of sternite III). s1ap = apodeme of sternite I, s2ap = apodeme of sternite II.