Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei, Santos-Silva & Shute, 2009

Santos-Silva, Antonio & Shute, Sharon, 2009, The identity of Parandra laevis Latreille, 1804 and nomenclatural changes in the Parandrinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), ZooKeys 25 (25), pp. 19-35 : 24-32

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3897/zookeys.25.245
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3790574
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/677A87B6-DF6E-E230-AAF1-FA68FCF9FB9F
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei
status	nom. nov.

Treatment

Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei View in CoL nom. n.

Figs 1–9

Parandra laevis Schönherr, 1817: 334 View in CoL ; Monné, 2006 (cat.; part).

General colouration of integument a vitreous light chestnut to deep- reddish brown, head may be darker in colour than rest of dorsum, particularly in male; apices and inner margins of mandibles, anterior margin of head, post ocular area, margins of pronotum, scutellum, elytral suture, episternum and anterior margins of femora normally dark to pitchy brown.

Male (Figs 1, 3). Width of head (Figs 5, 6) plus eyes equal to that of pronotum at anterior angles; length of mandible equal to that of head, finely and densely punctured, punctures slightly smaller than those on disc of head, becoming slightly coarser at apices; apices of mandible trifurcate; mandible in major male (Fig. 5) robust with a large tooth on inner edge just above the middle (see Santos-Silva 2002:36), size of sub-median tooth more or less equal to that of dorsal inner apical tooth which is in turn slightly shorter than terminal element but longer and broader than ventral apical tooth, ventral tooth (not visible when viewed dorsally) small and somewhat indistinct, apical teeth may be worn or broken; mandible in minor male (Fig. 6) less robust, submedian inner tooth broadly flattened, width twice that of inner apical tooth, outer margin of sub-median tooth weekly emarginated; there is also a large basal tooth which is similar in size to sub-median tooth but this is only visible if the jaws are widely open; mandibular dorsal carina distinct, elevated from the base of mandible to just beyond sub-median inner tooth, inner edge of mandible with a fringe of long, pale, setae which project beyond margin and over sub-median tooth. Dorsal surface of the head (Figs 5, 6) more or less evenly convex with a weak median longitudinal sulcus, disc moderately and finely punctured, punctures irregular, size and distribution similar to that on disc of pronotum, becoming distinctly larger and coarser towards the ocular carina and occiput, post occipital area and genae coarsely and abundantly punctuate, size of punctures at least three times that of largest on pronotum (maybe confluent in places), dense punctuation extending beneath head to gula which is medially impunctate; dorsal ocular carina distinct, moderately elevated, extending from mid level of eye to base of jaw, width more or less equal to the base of mandibular carina. Frons weakly depressed at sides, prior to anterior margin, resulting in a slight median, transverse ridge at level of anterior margin of antennal insertions. Clypeus weakly elevated medially with a strong median projection; projection at least three times wider than long; anterior margin weakly emarginated. Eye (Fig 8) very weakly emarginated; posterior ocular edge very distinct; length of eye twice that of median width, when viewed laterally; ventral ocular lobe only slightly broader than dorsal lobe. Sub-mentum with similar strong, dense punctuation, elevation of sub-mentum more of less equal to that of genae, delimited behind by a shallow transverse sulcus, punctures with a long pale seta which is at least five times the length of the puncture. Carina of ventral sensorial area of the antennomeres III-XI (Figs 8, 9) distinctly elevated, visible from the side; pilosity of the antennomeres III-XI pale, distinct, longest setae forming posterior fringe on segments, setal length almost equal to that of segment.

Pronotum (Figs 5, 6) transverse, somewhat flattened dorsally, maximum width at anterior angles, being slightly greater than that of elytra at humeri, anterior angles rounded not strongly projected; anterior margin very weakly concave; posterior margin weakly sinuate; lateral margins narrow but well defined, becoming gradually but distinctly concave after anterior third with minimum width just prior to posterior angles

Figures |–4. Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei : | Parandra laevis Schönherr, 1817 , lectotype (major male), habitus 2 labels 3 minor male, ex. Chevrolat collection (ex. Dejean) (data not readable), habitus 4 female from Dominican Republic (Guaimati), habitus. Bar = 1 cm.

that are weakly projected; disc finely and irregularly punctuate, punctures finer than those on disc of head, becoming gradually larger towards margins, largest punctures not greater than those on anterior area of head. Elytron 3.8 times longer than broad, maximum width at humeri, becoming only slightly narrowed just prior to apex which is broadly rounded; surface adjacent to median suture finely punctate, punctures equal in size to smallest on disc of pronotum, distribution irregular, punctures on average 4–5 times their own width apart becoming slightly larger and denser sub-laterally below humeral third. Metepisternum distinctly and irregularly punctuate, punctures of similar size or slightly smaller than those on adjacent area of metasternum, becoming denser near anterior margin; punctures on metasternum large and distinct adjacent to metepisternum 2.3 times their own width apart, becoming distinctly finer towards metasternal suture. Apical ventrite of abdomen only slightly longer than preceeding segment, more distinctly punctured than rest of abdomen with long pale sub-erect setae. Femora minutely and indistinctly punctured throughout, setae minute and indistinct. Tibiae becoming strongly dilated towards apex, width at apical margin at least 4× that at base, punctures minute, as on femora, setae minute just extending beyond margins of punctures, ventral fringe short; protibiae somewhat flattened giving narrow, sharp dorsal edge. Metatarsomere V approximately as long as I–III combined.

Body length (including mandibles) 10.3–18.7 mm; prothorax: length 2.2–3.3 mm; anterior width, 3.0– 4.8 mm; posterior width, 2.5–4.0 mm; elytral length, 6.2–11.5 mm.

Female (Fig. 3). Head less robust, width plus eyes slightly narrower than that of pronotum at anterior angles. Eyes slightly broader and less pronounced than in male. Mandible (Fig. 7) subtriangular, length equal to two thirds that of head, more coarsely punctured than in male, punctures on dorsal surface irregular, largest equal in size to post ocular punctures; dorsal carina present but less well defined than in male; ventral apical tooth small (not visible dorsally); dorsal inner edge with small rounded preapical tooth, basal half with a broad flattened, weakly sinuate tooth which is slightly more pronounced on left mandible. Clypeal projection not broader than long, distinctly narrowing towards apex. Pronotum (Fig. 7) similar to male but with anterior two thirds slightly more rounded at sides prior to becoming narrowed and with anterior angles less pronounced. Apical ventrite of abdomen twice length of preceeding segment, puncturation slightly denser than in male and setae shorter.

Body length (including mandibles) 15.0– 18.7 mm; prothorax: length 3.2–3.7 mm; anterior width, 4.1–4.6 mm; posterior width, 3.5–4.3 mm; humeral width, 4.1– 5.1 mm; elytral length, 9.0– 11.1 mm.

Lectotype

As explained above, we have chosen the specimen from Latreille’s collection, deposited at NHM( UK), as the Lectotype of Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei . Th is specimen has the following labels (Fig. 2):

1. Purple (printed circular NHM label; added by us): Lectotype

2. printed red circular NHM type label

3. St. Domingae [San Domingo] (white h/w label)

Figures 5–7. Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei , head and pronotum: 5 Parandra laevis Schönherr, 1817 , lectotype (major male) 6 minor male, ex. Chevrolat collection (ex. Dejean) (data not readable) 7 female from Dominican Republic (Guaimati). Bar = 5 mm.

4. Bowring Chevrolat [18]63: 47* (BM(NH) registration for Chevrolat collection via J.C. Bowing 1863)

5. Parandra laevis Latreille , h.in Amer.bor. D[om]. Latreille (green Dejean h/w label)

6. Parandra laevis Latr. , Type see Chevr. (white h/w C.O. Waterhouse det. label c. 1860s).

7. Lectotype Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei nomen novem. A. Santos-Silva & S. Shute 2009

Material examined

DOMINICAN REBUBLIC: 1♀ Antilles, S.Dom [San Domingo], ex mus Laferte, Fry coll. 1903–100, Parandra laevis T. Arigony det. 1980 ( NHM ( UK); 2 ♁ St. Domgo [San

Figures 8–9. Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei , lectotype of Parandra laevis Schönherr, 1817 , antenna: 8 ventral view 9 ventral view, detail. Bar = 1 mm.

Domingo] [18]51–116 [purch. of Salle], compared with type C.J. G. [C. Gahan], Parandra laevis T. Arigony det. 1980 ( NHM (UK); 3 ♁, 1 ♀ Dominican Republic, Guaimati, July, 1925, Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. Brit. Mus. 1930–336, Parandra laevis T. Arigony det. 1980 ( NHM (UK); 2 ♁, La Vega: Constanza (“ Paraje Los Flacos, Valle Nuevo ”), IX.1962, E. Marcano col. ( MZSP); 1 ♁, Hato Mayor : Parque Nacional los Haitises (3 km W Cueva de Arena; 19°04'N, 69°29'W), VII.7–9.1992, S. Davidson Col. ( MZSP); 2 ♀, Monsenor Nouel: 8 miles W Jayaco, VIII.03.1967, J.C.Schaffner col. ( MZSP). GoogleMaps

HAITI: 1 ♁ 10816 [dark green handwritten label] ferruginea, Port au Pri[nce] Chr. [white h/w label] Parandra laevis Latr. ? {large light green, black margined h/w label] laevis Latr. [ex Schonherr coll.] ( NRS); 2 ♁ Antilles, Haiti [ex Fry coll. 1903–100] Parandra laevis E. Gilmour det. ( NHM ( UK).

JAMAICA: 1 ♁ Jamaica B.W.I, St. Andrew, Clydesdale, 27 Aug. 1950, R.P. Bengry, 5455 E 92+, Parandra laevis E. Gilmour det., Parandra laevis , Parandra laevis Latr. T. Arigony det. 1980 ( NRS).

LOCALITY?: 2 ♁ green Dejean labels, (not readable), Bowring Chevrolat [18]63:47* ( NHM ( UK).

Comments. Birandra (Yvesandra) latreillei is similar to B. (Y.) angulicollis ( Bates, 1879) , B. (Y.) pinchoni (Villiers, 1979) , and B. (Y.) antioquensis ( Cardona-Duque et al., 2007) but differs, mainly, in the elytral punctures being finer and somewhat shallower. In B. (Y.) angulicollis , B. (Y.) pinchoni and B. (Y.) antioquensis the elytral punctures are conspicuously coarse and strong. In general, the pronotal punctures are also finer and shallower in B. (Y.) latreillei than in the other three species. Some differences pointed out by Bates (1879) and Lameere (1902), such as the form of anterior angles of the pronotum, are frequently variable intraspecifically and are not reliable when used alone.

Birandra (Y.) latreillei differs from B. (Y.) cribrata (Thomson, 1861) by the length of the sensorial area of antennomeres III-XI (antennomeres III-X, approximately two times longer than broad), and by the punctures of pronotum and elytra less deep and finer. In B. (Y.) cribrata the sensorial area of the antennomeres III-XI is distinctly narrow and elongate (antennomeres III-X, approximately three times longer than broad), and the punctures of pronotum and elytra are deeper and coarser. B. (Y.) latreillei can be separated from B. (Y.) lata (Bates, 1884) by the maximum width of the prothorax (width less than 1.5 times the length) and narrow lateral margins in both sexes. Birandra (Y.) lata has the prothorax distinctly transverse (width more than 1.5 times the length) with wide lateral margins in both sexes. Finally, B. (Y.) tavakiliani (Santos- Silva, 2002) does not have the sensorial area of antennomeres III-X divided by carina, whereas they are distinctly divided in B. (Y.) latreillei . (For figures and key to species see Santos-Silva 2002 and Cardona-Duque et al. 2007 (modified key).

Geographical distribution. Hispaniola, Jamaica. Th e occurrence of Birandra (Y.) latreillei in Cuba (Th omson 1861, Monné 2006) is doubtful and needs to be confirmed in the future. Zayas (1957, 1975) did not record “ Parandra laevis ” from Cuba. We believe, on examination of the type, that Parandra cubaecola sensu Zayas (op.cit.) is not the same species as that of Chevrolat (1862). It is possible that the specimens seen by Zayas are B. (Y.) latreillei (“ Parandra laevis ” sensu Th omson (op.cit.) from Cuba) or a new species. It has not been possible to find the specimen from Jamaica (J. Bowrey Coll.) examined by Waterhouse (1878), but a specimen from the NRS collection from Jamaica collected in 1950 has proved to be B. (Y.) latreillei .

Summary of the final position of the taxa of Parandrini involved

Parandra Latreille, 1802

Hesperandra Arigony, 1977: 163 ; Monné, 2006: 9. syn. n.

Gnathophorus Kirby, 1837: 166 View in CoL .

Hesperandra (Zikandra) Santos-Silva, 2003: 120 ; Monné, 2006: 12. syn. n. Type-species: Attelabus glaber DeGeer, 1774 (monotypy).

Parandra (Parandra) Latreille, 1802

Included species:

Parandra (Parandra) brasilica Zikán, 1948 ;

Parandra (Parandra) glaberrima Zikán, 1948 ;

Parandra (Parandra) glabra ( DeGeer, 1774) View in CoL

Parandra laevis Latreille, 1804 View in CoL . s yn. n.;

Parandra (Parandra) humboldti ( Santos-Silva, 2003) View in CoL ;