Graphis sublitoralis J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb, 2018

Kalb, Jutarat, Lücking, Robert & Kalb, Klaus, 2018, The lichen genera Allographa and Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales, Graphidaceae) in Thailand-eleven new species, forty-seven new records and a key to all one hundred and fifteen species so far recorded for the country, Phytotaxa 377 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

** Graphis sublitoralis J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb , sp. nov. Fig. 8A .

Mycobank MB 827646

Similar to Graphis litoralis , but differs in having scripta -morph lirellae ( caesiella -morph in G. litoralis ) shorter and broader ascospores (30–35 × 6–8 μm in G. litoralis ) with a thick wall and in lacking protocetraric acid.

Type:— THAILAND. Chumphon province: Lamae district, tambon Thung Luang , surroundings of Tham Khao Plu hot springs, on bark of an unidentified tree in a reforestation, 4 m, 09°43’27’’ N, 99°06’22’’ E, 31 August 2009, J. Sutjaritturakan 1265 & R. Nokkhao, ( RAMK, holotype, hb. K. Kalb 42244, isotype) .

Etymology:—The specific epithet refers to the similarity with G. litoralis .

Thallus corticolous, lead-gray to whitish gray, up to 10 cm diam., 60–80 μm thick, continuous, corticate, prothallus indistinct, surface smooth to uneven due to clusters of crystals, mostly glossy. Thallus in section with distinct upper cortex, up to 25 μm high, with irregular algal layer up to 30 μm high, medulla filled with clusters of crystals, located mainly below the ascomata. Lirellae up to 3 mm long, ca. 0.2 mm wide and ca. 0.15 mm high, immersed to erumpent with thick lateral thalline margin, straight, curved or sinuous, irregularly branched, labia first convergent, but soon divergent, entire, grayish, with a thin white pruina, disc first closed, soon widely opened with a ± thick white pruina, (scripta- morph). Exciple laterally carbonized, 25–40 μm wide; hypothecium 10–15 μm high, ± hyaline; hymenium 80–110 μm high, clear, epihymenium light brown. Paraphyses unbranched; asci elongate claviform, ca. 70–80 × 18–22 μm. Ascospores 8/ascus, hyaline, transversely 7–9-septate, 20–26 × 7–10 μm, with a 1–2 μm thick wall ( Figure 8A , inlet), I+ blue.

Chemistry: salazinic acid (major), consalazinic acid (trace), norstictic acid (major to minor), connorstictic acid (minor), ± subnorstictic acid (anal. J. Sutjaritturakan).

Distribution and habitat:—The new species is so far known from Chumphon and Trang provinces in South Thailand, where it was growing on bark of deciduous trees at low elevations.

Remarks:— Graphis sublitoralis is very well distinguished in having scripta -morph lirellae and the rare combination of the two depsidones salazinic and norstictic acids. Furthermore, it is easily distinguished from other similar species, e. g. G. litoralis (see above) and G. subasahinae Nagarkar & Patw. by conspicuously thick-walled ascospores, from the latter also in having white pruinose discs (black in G. subasahinae ).

Material from Thailand examined:— Chumphon province: Pathio district, tambon Chum Kho, in the area of King Monkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Prince of Chumphon campus, at the bank of Heuytinejaap reservoir, in a plantation, on bark of Kheelek tree ( Cassia siamea ), 10 m, 10°44’43’’ N, 99°20’44’’ E, 3 July 2008, J. Sutjaritturakan 1127, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42245); dito, tambon Chum Kho, in a forest ca. 500 m from trisection to Bangson Bay, on bark of an unidentified tree, 20 m, 10°26’31’’ N, 99°13’56’’ E, 11 April 2009, J. Sutjaritturakan 2272, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42461); Lang Suan district, tambon Tha Maphla, in the area of a public park at Ban Tha Satan, in a temple tree plantation ( Plumeria rubra ), 33 m, 09°56’17’’ N, 99°02’36’’ E, 17 May 2009, J. Sutjaritturakan 2742, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42462); Lamae district, tambon Suan Taeng, in a chom-phu plantation ( Syzygium jambos ), 3 m, 09°43’28’’ N, 99°07’43’’ E, 31 August 2008, J. Sutjaritturakan 1356, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42459)— Trang province: Palian district, in the area of Ton Tae Waterfall, in a peregrina plantation (Jatropha integerrima), 24 m, 07°15’29’’ N, 99°40’44’’ E, 23 May 2009, J. Sutjaritturakan 3093 & S. Siemmai, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42460).

Figures

FIGURE 8. A. Graphis sublitoralis (scale = 0.5 mm); B. Graphis submarginata (scale = 0.4 mm); C. Graphis subschroederi (scale = 0.4); D. Graphis sundarbanensis (scale = 0.4); E. Graphis tenuirima (scale = 0.4 mm); F. Graphis urandrae (scale = 0.5 mm).