Graphis intermedians Vainio (1921: 50)

Kalb, Jutarat, Lücking, Robert & Kalb, Klaus, 2018, The lichen genera Allographa and Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales, Graphidaceae) in Thailand-eleven new species, forty-seven new records and a key to all one hundred and fifteen species so far recorded for the country, Phytotaxa 377 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

Graphis intermedians Vainio (1921: 50) .

Type:— THAILAND. Chiang Mai province: Doi Suthep , 1904, C. C. Hosseus s.n. (TUR-Vainio 27214!, holotype) .

Thallus corticolous, whitish gray to lead gray, continuous, smooth or uneven, dull or rarely slightly glossy. Lirellae erumpent to prominent, with thick lateral thalline margin, short to elongate, straight, curved or sinuous, usually unbranched, rarely trifurcately branched, labia convergent, entire, black, not pruinose, disc concealed ( marginata - morph). Exciple laterally carbonized; hymenium inspersed (type A); ascospores (2–) 4–8/ascus, hyaline, transversely 11–21-septate, 50–100 × 10–12 μm, rarely the last locules with 1 longitudinal septum (see also protologue!), with halo, laterally up to 1 μm thick, up to 6 μm thick at both ends.

Chemistry: no lichen substances by TLC (anal. K. Kalb).

Distribution and habitat:—The collections mentioned below are the first after the description of this obviously very rare species. It was growing on a roadside tree and a freestanding deciduous tree together with Buellia sp. , Glyphis scyphulifera (Ach.) Staiger , Graphis librata C. Knight , Lecanora sp. and Ramboldia russula (Ach.) Kalb, Lumbsch & Elix.

Remarks:— Graphis intermedians is characterized in having marginata -morph lirellae, a laterally carbonized exciple, an inspersed hymenium, mostly transseptate, medium- to large-sized ascospores and in lacking lichen substances. As no other Graphis species is known with these features together with very few submuriform ascospores, we have keyed out this species only once. The spore size is more variable in our specimens than mentioned in the protologue (42–52 × 12–20 μm).

Material from Thailand examined:— Chiang Mai province: Fang district, tambon Mae Nyon, campsite area of Doi Angkhang , on bark of a ± freestanding deciduous tree, 1565 m, 19°53’42’’ N, 99°02’44’’ E, 3 December 2016, J. & K. Kalb s.n. (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42038)— Mae Hong Son province: Pai district , tambon Kuet Chang, shortly before the entry to Huai Nam Dank National Park , on bark of a freestanding, unidentified deciduous tree, 1175 m, 19°15’04’’ N, 98°33’17’’ E, 30 November 2016, J. Kalb & K. Kalb s.n. (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42053) .

* Graphis intricata Fée (1825: 42) . Fig. 5H . Type:—SOUTH AMERICA. Habitat in cortice Cinchonae scrobiculatae, Humboldt & Bonpland, s.n. (G, lectotype, G!, isolectotype in

hb. Müll. Arg.).

Thallus corticolous, whitish gray to yellowish gray, continuous, smooth or uneven, dull or rarely slightly glossy. Lirellae erumpent with lateral thalline margin, elongate to very long, straight, curved or sinuous, irregularly, rarely radiately branched, labia convergent, entire, black, not pruinose, disc concealed (deserpens- or centrifuga -morph). Exciple completely carbonized; hymenium clear; ascospores 8/ascus, hyaline, transversely 5–9-septate, 20–35 × 5–8 μm; 4–6-septate, 20–27 × 6–8 μm (isolectotype, Staiger 2002); 5–7-septate, 15–30 × 6–8 μm (lectotype, Lücking et al. 2009).

Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), [no other minor or trace substances detected] (anal. K. Kalb).

Distribution and habitat:—Pantropical ( Lücking et al. 2009), reported from South America (type locality), New Zealand (as G. confinis C. Knight & Mitt. ), Hawaii (as Graphis tapetica Zahlbr. ), China (as G. huana Zahlbr. ) and India ( G. colliculoides Adaw. & Makhija ) (all synonyms from Lücking et al. 2009) and here reported from Thailand for the first time. It is growing on bark of Rhizophora mucronata and Plumeria sp. near the sea.

Remarks:—Overall, in our material, the lirellae are less branched than in the type, but it might be that the type specimen represents an extreme form. More collections are necessary to solve this problem.

Material from Thailand examined:— Prachuap Khiri Khan province: Sam Roi Yot district, in a mangrove forest, on Rhizophora mucronata , 1 m, 12°07’43’’ N, 99°57’16’’ E, 5 December 2015, J. Sutjaritturakan & K. Kalb s.n. (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42273)—Phang-Nga province: Takua Pa district, tambon Bang Muang, ca. 25 km N of Khao Lak, on Plumeria sp. 6 m, 08°51’33’’ N, 98°15’55’’ E, 9 June 2015, J. Sutjaritturakan 5047 & K. Kalb (hb. K. Kalb 41511).

Figures

FIGURE 5. A. Graphis epimelaena (scale = 0.4); B. Graphis erythrocardia (scale = 0.5); C. Graphis flavovirens (scale = 1 mm); D. Graphis gonimica (scale = 0.25 mm); E. Graphis immersicans (scale = 0.5 mm); F. Graphis implicata (scale = 0.5 mm); G. Graphis insulana (scale = 0.7 mm); H. Graphis intricata (scale = 1 mm).