Digonocryptus pulchripes ( Cameron, 1886 )

Aguiar, Alexandre Pires & Ramos, Adriana C. B., 2011, 2846, Zootaxa 2846, pp. 1-98 : 55-58

Digonocryptus pulchripes ( Cameron, 1886)

Figs 67, 68, 203, 243

Christolia pulchripes Cameron, 1886:250 . ♀ Description.

Digonocryptus pulchripes: Townes and Townes, 1966:127 . Generic transfer.

Digonocryptus pulchripes: Yu and Horstmann, 1998:241 . Listed.

Description. FEMALE. Fore wing 13.0 mm.

Head. Ventral tooth of mandible about as long as dorsal tooth. Clypeus apical area delimited by smooth border; clypeal margin with two small teeth. Antenna with 26 flagellomeres; white band starting at flagellomere IV; 7 flagellomeres at least 50% white.

Mesosoma . Mesopleuron glabrous or nearly so, smooth. Subalar prominence oval elongate, not carinate. Sulcus between sternaulus and scrobe weak. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum imperfectly developed medially (as wrinkle). Lower metapleuron finely strigate-rugulose. Propodeum ( Fig. 68): area in front of anterior transverse carina polished, smooth, medially at carina with two short, diverging longitudinal ridges. Propodeal apophyses long and stout thorns, apex rounded. Posterior transverse carina weak, developed in between thorns only. Area between anterior transverse carina and petiolar foramen obliquely and strongly strigate. Fore wing in Fig. 203; vein 3-Cu 1.43 length of 4-Cu. Hind wing in Fig. 243.

Metasoma. Postpetiole dorso-anteriorly with large, shallow, oval depression; dorsolateral and median dorsal carinae absent; petiolar spiracles in dorsal view weakly prominent. Ovipositor 1.32 length of hind tibia. Apex of lower valve with 15 teeth.

Color. Mesosoma laterally light reddish brown (236,146,030) to dorsally reddish brown (204,102,051); head and metasoma main color black, with yellow stripes. Lateral pattern as in Fig. 67. Orbital band well delimited, interrupted only at malar space, width on all its extension about 0.2 of interocular distance. Labrum and apical area of clypeus dark brown; clypeus main area, clypeal suture and supraclypeal area whitish, except between parantennal impression and torulus, black. Mesosoma with few pale yellow to whitish marks ( Figs 67, 68); pronotum anterior margin with wide whitish stripe, almost reaching apex of posterior corner, dorso-medially interrupted; anteriorly, in between epomia, blackish; dorso-lateral margin with narrow whitish stripe. Subalar prominence pale yellow. Tegula dark brown. Scutellum with milky tone. Propodeal apophyses whitish. Fore and mid coxae whitish, except antero-apically light reddish brown; hind coxa reddish brown, dorsally sub-basally with distinct pale yellow spot; fore and mid trochanter whitish; hind trochanter and trochantellus dark brown and reddish; fore femur mostly dark brown, basally with reddish tone, apically with diffuse whitish; mid and hind femur basal 0.5 reddish, mixing with apical 0.5 dark brown, mid femur apico-mesally also with whitish spot; anterior tibia laterally and mesally whitish, dorsally and ventrally dark brown; mid tibia dark brown, except basal end and mesally on basal half whitish; hind tibia black, except basal end whitish; hind t1 basal 0.3 black, t1 otherwise and entire t2–3 white; other tarsomeres missing. Metasoma lateral color pattern as in Fig. 67; in dorsal view T1 from basally light reddish brown to centrally black, apex with very wide whitish stripe; T3 apical stripe medially distinctly and triangularly narrowed; T4 apical stripe narrowing medially, then interrupted; T4–6 apical stripe medially widely interrupted; T7 with very wide stripe, covering almost entire length of tergite, but medially interrupted; T8 black.

Morphological variation. Fore wing 11.0– 13.5 mm. Ovipositor 1.29–1.34 length of hind tibia. All taxonomically relevant features for females were coded for all examined specimens and cladistically analyzed in the item “The D. inflatus complex.” Further variation: Antenna with 25 flagellomeres, white band with 5 or 8. Propodeum posterior transverse carina strong. Color: dark red instead of reddish brown, pale yellow instead of white; labrum entirely pale yellow; orbital band covering nearly entire gena ventrally; mesopleuron ventrally with large pale yellow area; mesepimeron dorsally and carinal triangle pale yellow; tegula mesal posterior angle pale yellow; scutellum antero-lateral angles diffusely yellowish or with distinct, large yellow spot on each side; mid tibia basal 0.4 white; mid and hind femora light orange; mid t1 centrally white, t1 otherwise and entire t2–5 dark brown; hind t4– 5 dark brown; metasoma T8 apex with pale yellow marks; fore and hind wings lightly but distinctly infuscate. The extension of black on hind femur is highly variable for all species of the inflatus group and seems to be of no taxonomic relevance.

MALE. Similar to female, except as follows. Antenna with 7 or 9 white flagellomeres, starting at flagellomere VIII or IX; [apex missing on examined specimens]. Propodeal apophyses as very weak scale-like structures, yellow or concolorous with propodeum; posterior transverse carina absent. Pronotum, except for white marks, entirely black or entirely light orange, dorso-lateral white stripe absent in one specimen; hind coxa dorsally without pale yellow spot in one specimen; metasoma T2 and T4–6 entirely black; T3 apical 0.5–0.6 white; T7 apical 0.8 gray.

Comments. The truly smooth mesopleuron, without any trace of strigation, is characteristic of the species, and observed on both females and males. The black and white color pattern of the male metasoma also isolates it from known males of all other Digonocryptus species.

Material examined. 3 females, 2 males. Homotypes. ♂ “IICA Turrialba // COSTA RICA Aug // 1963 CCPorter”; “HOMOTYPE// Christolia // pulchripes Cam // V.K.GUPTA 1983” ( AEIC) . ♂ “IICA Turrialba // COSTA RICA Aug // 1963 CCPorter”; “HOMOTYPE// Christolia // pulchripes Cam // V.K.GUPTA 1983”; “ Digonocryptus // pulchripes // Cam.// S. GUPTA, 198” ( AEIC) . Other specimens : 2 ♀ [ Db 11] and [Db 12] [right wings slide mounted] “IICA Turrialba// COSTA RICA Aug// 1963 CCPorter” [ Digonocryptus pulchripes S. Gupta det.] ( AEIC) . ♀ [Db10] “ Vista Hermosa , Oax. , Mex. // 96.5 Km. SW of Tuxtepec // X.19.62 1450m.// H. & M. Townes ” [ Digonocryptus pulchripes S. Gupta det.] ( AEIC) .

Distribution. Costa Rica NR, Guatemala, Mexico NR.

Digonocryptus rufigaster ( Szépligeti, 1916)

Figs 7, 8, 129, 130, 131, 132, 166, 204, 244

Stenarella rufigaster Szépligeti, 1916:319 . ♀ Description, keyed.

Digonocryptus rufigaster: Townes and Townes, 1966:127 . Generic transfer.

Digonocryptus rufigaster: Yu and Horstmann, 1998:241 . Listed.

Female. Fore wing 15.3 mm.

Head. Ventral tooth of mandible considerably longer than dorsal tooth ( Figs 130, 129). Clypeus apical area delimited by creased border; clypeal margin with one distinct tooth ( Fig. 129). Antenna with 25 flagellomeres; white band starting at flagellomere VI; 5 flagellomeres at least 50% white.

Mesosoma . Mesopleuron with fine inconspicuous pilosity, 100% of cuticular surface visible, strigate. Subalar prominence large and somewhat keeled. Sulcus between sternaulus and scrobe very weak and inconspicuous. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum represented by short V-shaped carina crossing discrimen ( Fig. 166). Lower metapleuron strigate-rugulose. Propodeum: area in front of anterior transverse carina obliquely rugulose, medially with two incomplete ridges extending from carina towards anterior margin. Propodeal apophyses present as weak scale-like widening of posterior transverse carina, which is complete, distinct between and beyond apophyses, reaching lateral or posterior margin, sharply convex. Area between transverse carinae obliquely strigate; area behind posterior transverse carina rugulose, except radially strigate around petiolar foramen. Fore wing in Fig. 204; vein 3-Cu 1.6 length of 4-Cu. Hind wing in Fig. 244.

Metasoma. Postpetiole dorso-medially with weak but distinct elongate concavity; dorsolateral and median dorsal carinae absent; petiolar spiracles in dorsal view not prominent. Ovipositor 1.33 length of hind tibia. Apex of lower valve with 12 teeth.

Color. Head main color black, mesosoma main color dark red (153,000,000), metasoma darker; large and well delimited yellow areas on head and mesosoma. Lateral pattern as in Fig. 7. Orbital band complete, except briefly interrupted at malar space; width on supra-antennal area about 0.2 of interocular distance, narrowest at 3 h, then quickly widening to take nearly entire gena width on its ventral half, almost reaching occipital carina. Base of mandible reddish. Clypeus apical area reddish, remaining of clypeus, clypeal sulcus and supraclypeal area yellow; bright red longitudinally above parantennal impression and on depressions that receive scape on supra-antennal area. Mesosoma pattern of large and bright yellow spots as in Fig. 7. Pronotum dorsally along anterior margin, except lateral corner, with wide yellow stripe medially widely interrupted. laterally on dorsal margin with small to medium yellow spot. Propleuron postero-lateral angle with small yellow spot. Mesoscutum centrally, at level of tegula, with large yellow spot. Scutellum and postscutellum yellow. Propodeum with wide yellow stripe along posterior transverse carina, as in Figs 7–8. Coxae reddish brown with large yellow spots as in Fig. 7. Femora reddish brown (204,102,051), fore and mid femora also dorsally dark brown. All tibiae and respective basitarsomere, and entire hind tarsus, deep yellow (255,204,000); fore and mid tarsomeres 2–5 dark brown. Metasoma dark red, darker than mesosoma, except for postpetiole apical margin with wide, somewhat diffuse yellow stripe.

Morphological variation. Fore wing 8.5–16.5 mm. Ovipositor 1.26–1.44 length of hind tibia. There are two color morphs. The first, to which also belongs the holotype, is known from southern Brazil, and has the mesosoma main color, and often also the petiole main color, varying from light orange to dark red ( Fig. 131), with speculum normally entirely black, and sometimes tegula antero-laterally black. The second color morph, apparently more common, seems to occur throughout Brazil, reaching also Peru and Bolivia, with main color of mesosoma, except legs, black ( Fig. 132) .

Other morphological variations as follows. Antenna with 26 flagellomeres. Apex of lower valve of ovipositor with 10 teeth. Color: metasoma beyond petiole varying from light orange to dark red; fore and mid femora often (30% for black morph; 10% for orange morph) black with lateral face reddish brown. Specimens from the State of Paraná ( Brazil), for both color morphs, have white band of antenna with only 3–5 flagellomeres, each dorsally marked with an apical brown spot. Specimens of black color morph with white band of antenna having 8–12 flagellomeres except specimens from Espírito Santo ( Brazil), for which the white band has 5–7 flagellomeres.

MALE. Structurally as for female, except antenna with 28–30 flagellomeres, white band with 10–13, starting at flagellomere VII-VIII at apical 0.7 or flagellomere IX. Color as for female (black morph) for head, mesosoma and hind coxa; metasoma main dark brown or black, wide yellow stripes along apical margin of all tergites. An orange mesosoma morph has not been observed. Color variation as follows. Fore and mid coxae from pale yellow (almost white) to yellow; all femora deep yellow, light orange or black; all tibia yellow, deep yellow or light orange; tarsi from pale yellow (almost white) to deep yellow; mid tarsus progressively darker towards apex; hind tarsus on specimens from northern Brazil nearly white, except dark apical tarsomere and sometimes t1 basally; metasoma on specimen from Sinop and from “Est. Manganês” with T3–7 main color light orange.

Comments. In spite of some color variability, the female of this species can be recognized by having T3–8 reddish, without yellow stripes and a characteristic, wide yellow mark on the propodeum, shaped as an inverted V ( Fig. 8) or, when unusually wide, as an inverted U. A similar mark is found on the propodeum of D. variegatus ( Fig. 4) but this species has T3–8 black, crossed by wide yellow stripes. Males of these two species are very similar, but D. rufigaster has the speculum entirely black (vs. entirely yellow) and hind coxa mostly black, with a large yellow spot dorsally (vs. mostly pale yellow, with black spot ventro-basally and small black mark dorso-apically).

Material examined. 45 females, 8 males. Black mesosoma morph: ♀ “ Estirão do Equador// Amazonas, Brazil // VII.1958 // Tatica” ( AEIC) . ♀ “ Avispas , Perú // 30m nr. Marcapata // Sept. 1–15, 1962 // Luis Peña” ( AEIC) . 5 ♀, same, Oct. 1–15, 1962 ( AEIC) . ♀, same, Oct. 20–30, 1962 ( AEIC) . ♀ “ReprêsaRioGrande// Guanabara , Brazil // August, 1969// M. Alvarenga ” ( AEIC) . ♀ “ReprêsaRioGrande// V’72 Guana. Brazil // M. Alvarenga ” ( AEIC) . ♀ “ Maués on Amazon // Brazil // June 1937 ” ( AEIC) . ♀ “Murundu, R. de J.// VIII. ‘78 Argentina // M. Alvarenga”

( AEIC). ♀ “ Obidos , Pará // 1962 Brazil // José Brasilino” ( AEIC) . ♀ “COLEÇÃO// CAMPOS SEABRA”; “ Parque Sooretama // LINHARES Esp.Santo // BRASIL V-1953 // P.A.TELES”; “ Digonocryptus // rufigaster // Tow. 1966 Szép” ( DZUP) . ♀ “ Ouro Preto // d Oeste,RO.// 26-VIII 1987 // C.Elias, leg.”; “Projeto Po// lonoroeste” ( DZUP) . ♀ “ BRASIL:RJ: St. Maria Madalena // Parque Estadual do Desengano // 21°59’03.9”S 41º57’08.4”W // Varredura: 14:50–14:55// 21.IV.2002 560m // AMPenteado-Dias et al. leg.// BIOTA-FAPESP” ( DCBU) . ♀ “ Tucuruí , Pará // I. 1979 Brazil // // M. Alvarenga ” ( AEIC) . ♀ “ Rurrenabaque // Depto. Beni // BOLIVIA 175m. // Oct. 1956 // L.E. Pena ” ( AEIC) . ♀ “SANTA TERESA// ES-BRASIL// 19/X/1964 // C. Elias leg ”; “ Digonocryptus ” ( AEIC) . ♀ “ Ouro Preto // d Oeste,RO.// 29-X 1987 // C.Elias, leg.”; “Projeto Po// lonoroeste” ( DZUP) . ♀ “ BRASIL // Traira // Municipio de OBIDOS// Estado do Pará // DIRINGS// {AGO1964}”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det.1994” ( MZUP) . ♀ “ ILHA DO MEL - PR// Praia Grande// 27/08/89// RENATO DUTRA COL” ( DZUP) . ♀ “ Brasil Pará // Serra Norte // Nl. Casa de // Pedra // 31.X a 3.XI.1985 /”; “Armadilha//1,6 m// Suspensa”; “ Brasil Pará/ / F. F. Ramos ”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det.1994” ( MPEG) . ♀ “ Brasil Pará // Serra Norte // Ig. Salobo / / 14 a 17.8.1984 ”; “ Flight trap ”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det.1994” ( MPEG) . ♀ “BRA: ES, Domingos Martins // Mata Pico do Eldorado // 20°22’17”S, 40°39’29”W // 3–10.XII.2004 Malaise B4// MTavares et al. leg.” ( UFES) . ♀ “BRA: ES, Santa Maria Jetibá // Faz. Clarindo Kruger // 20º04’27,9”S 40º44’51,3”W // 29.XI– 06.XII.2002 Malaise T8// MTavares, CAzevedo et al. leg.”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // ACBRamos det/07” ( UFES) . ♀ “BRA: ES, Santa Maria Jetibá // Faz. Clarindo Kruger // 20º04’27,9”S 40º44’51,3”W // 29.XI–06.XII.2002 Malaise B6// MTavares, CAzevedo et al. leg.” ( UFES) . ♀ “BRA: ES, Santa Maria Jetibá // Faz. Paulo Seick – Área 1// 20º02’31,1”S 40º41’51,3”W // 29.XI–06.XII.2002 Malaise T8// MTavares, CAzevedo et al. leg.” ( UFES) . ♀ “BRA: ES, Cariacica // RES. Biol. Duas Bocas // 16–17.IX.2006 Malaise// RKawada et al. leg.” ( UFES) . ♀ “ Est.Dir.Aerop. // Res.Rumboldt MT. // Col.L.P.Albuquer. // Em. 26.I.1976 ”; “0241”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det. 1994; INPA// Digonocryptus ” ( INPA) . ♀ “5633”; “ BRASIL: Pará // Tucurui- Puraquequara // 14.VIII.1980 // eq. Nunes de Mello ”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det. 1994” ( INPA) . Orange mesosoma morph : ♀ “ Nova Teutonia // Santa Catarina // X.28.52 Braz // Fritz Plaumann”; “HOMOTYPE// Stenarella // rufigaster // 1958 Szep// H. K. Townes ” [blue] ( AEIC) . ♀ “FÊNIX - PARANÁ // Reserva Est. - ITCF// BRASIL 13. IV.1987 // Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR// MALAISE” ( DZUP) . ♀ “COLEÇÃO// CAMPOS SEABRA”; “CORUPÁ// S. Catarina BRASIL // XI.954// A. Ma[iler?]”; “ Digonocryptus // rufigaster // Townes det.” ( AEIC) . 2 ♀ “N. Teutônia-S.C.// Brasil - XI/ 1977 // F.Plaumann leg.” ( DZUP) . ♀ “ Nova Teutonia // Santa Catarina // Nov. 1970 Brazil // Fritz Plaumann”; “ Digonocryptus // rufigaster // Townes det.” ( AEIC) . ♀ “N. Teutônia-S.C.// Brasil- 12/967// F.Plaumann leg.” ( DZUP) . ♀ “ Nova Teutonia // Santa Catarina // III. 1968 Brazil // Fritz Plaumann”; “ Digonocryptus // rufigaster // Townes det.” ( AEIC) . ♀ “ Nova Teutonia // Santa Catarina // Nov. 1968 Brazil // Fritz Plaumann”; “ Digonocryptus // rufigaster // Townes det.” ( AEIC) . ♀ “N. Teutônia-S.C.// Brasil - XI/ 1967 // F.Plaumann leg.” ( DZUP) . ♀ “N. Teutônia-S.C.// Brasil - X/ 1967 // F.Plaumann leg.” ( DZUP) . ♀ “FÊNIX - PARANÁ // Reserva Est. - ITCF// BRASIL 3. XI.1986 // Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR// MALAISE” ( DZUP) . ♀ “ Fênix - Pr // 03. X. 1986 // Profaupar” ( DZUP) . ♀ “FENIX - PARANÁ // 02.X.1985 // Exc. Dep. Zoo.” ( DZUP) . Males : ♂ “N. Teutônia- S.C.// Brasil - X/ 1967 // F.Plaumann leg.” ( DZUP) . ♂ “ Satipo , Perú // Sept. 1943 // Pedro Papvzyck”; “ Odontocryptus // variegatus// CWT 1958 Szép”; “ Digonocryptus // rufigaster // Tow. 1959 Szép” ( AEIC) . ♂ “Sinop, M. Grosso / / 12°31’S 55°37’W // X.1974 Brazil // M. Alvarenga ” ( AEIC) . ♂ “ Brasil Rondônia // Ouro Preto do Oeste // 11 a 13- XI-1984 ”; “Armadilha// Malaise”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det.1994” ( MPEG) . 2 ♂♂ “ Brasil Rondônia // Ouro Preto do Oeste // 4 a 7-IV-1985 ”; “Armadilha// Malayse”; “ Brasil Rondônia // J. Dias ”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det.1994” ( MPEG) . ♂ “ Brasil Pará // Serra Norte // MANGANES// 6 a 9.IX.1985 ”; “Pará Brasil // W. França ”; “Armadilha// Malayse”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det.1994” ( MPEG) . ♂ “Brasil Pará // Serra Norte // Est. MANGANÊS// ARM. MALAISE// 16-VI-1983 // Col. W. FRANÇA ”; “ Digonocryptus sp. // M.C.Gonçalves det.1994” ( MPEG) .

Distribution. Bolivia NR, Peru NR, and throughout Brazil (AM NR, ES NR, MT NR, PA NR, PR NR, RJ NR, RO NR, RR NR, SC).