Megasoma (Megasoma) typhon ssp. prandii Milani, 2008

Prandi, Massimo, Grossi, Paschoal C. & Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z., 2020, Revision of the Megasoma (Megasoma) gyas (Jablonsky in Herbst, 1785) species group (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae), ZooKeys 999, pp. 109-145 : 109

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.999.53130

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B8D6EF7C-BFED-4758-A1EB-A58F1711BD30

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6528C64F-A52D-5B92-8909-CF19422BA12D

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Megasoma (Megasoma) typhon ssp. prandii Milani, 2008
status

 

Megasoma (Megasoma) typhon ssp. prandii Milani, 2008 Figures 20A-D View Figure 20 , 21A-D View Figure 21

Megasoma (Megasoma) gyas ssp. prandii Milani, 2008: 119-133.

Distribution.

This is the southernmost subspecies, nowadays restricted to the Serra do Mar region in the northern part of the Santa Catarina state. It displays a constant distinct morphology with respect to M. typhon typhon , which in addition to its geographic isolation, allows us to consider this population as a distinct subspecies.

Material examined.

Holotype (male): "Brasile, Santa Caterina, Vale do Rio Itajaí, Timbó, 27 III 1989 local collector lgt., L. Milani det. 2008" (MPC). Paratypes: same data (4 ♂, MPC, 1 ♂, LMC, 1 ♂, MZC); same locality, 26 III 1989 (1 ♂, MPC); 28 III 1989 (1 ♂, MPC); 29.III.1989 (1 ♂, MPC); 6 IV 1989 (1 ♂, MSNM); 7 IV 1989 (1 ♂, MPC); 22 IV 1989 (1 ♂, 1 ♀, MPC). Additional material examined: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Rio dos Cedros, 2010 (1 ♂, UNLP); Hansa Humboldt, from the Collection Reitter (1 ♀, UBC); Joacaba, 1981 leg. Hartmann (1 ♀, UBC). Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, X 1946 (1 ♂, UBC); Porto Alegre, 1938, with label " Typhon " (1 ♂, UBC).

Remarks.

The diagnosis below is based on a specimen from Serra do Mar, near Rio dos Cedros, above 180 m a.s.l., caught in 2010. After this date very few specimens have been found, suggesting that the subspecies could be threatened by the reduction of its habitat.

Male diagnosis

(Fig. 20 View Figure 20 ). A large Megasoma , uniformly dark brown, covered by a yellowish short, fine, uniform, pubescence; head, including horn, consistently black. Elongate body. Size. L: 75 mm; TL: 100 mm; PL: 21 mm; PW: 34 mm, EL: 52 mm; EW: 44 mm; CL: 39 mm; FL: 24 mm; TF: 25 mm. Head. Cephalic horn long, projecting forwards and noticeably curved upwards. In dorsal view, slightly wider at the base and apex, but remaining almost subrectangular laterally, without median flattened zone. Apex always V-shaped, with divergent tips (Fig. 20A View Figure 20 ). Pronotum. Whole surface covered by uniform, fine, dense, yellowish pubescence. Anterior angles projecting as elongate, sharp, weakly divergent horns. Median thoracic horn longer than laterals, straight, dorsal side with a glossy black line. Elytra. Covered by very fine, dense, uniform, yellowish pubescence except for sutural edge and epipleura; in lateral view not bulging, uniformly flattened towards apex. Legs. Fore tibia slightly rounded inwards, the inner edge strongly dilated apically. Anterior hedge of protibia V-shaped. Aedeagus. It differs from the nominative subspecies for the parameres of tegmen smoother and rounder laterally, as in Fig. 20C View Figure 20 .

Variation, males.

A feature of the apex of the cephalic horn is that it is always V-shaped. A distinct tooth present on the dorsal side of the cephalic horn is always visible, also in medium and minor ♂. A feature of the body, in lateral view in medium specimens is that it is almost flat, and only very small specimens sometimes show a rounded body.

Measurements.

L: 53-78 mm; TL: 62-102 mm; PL: 15-23 mm; PW: 26-36 mm; EL: 33-53 mm; EW: 35-46 mm; CL: 11-40 mm; FL: 17-26 mm; TF: 19-27 mm),

Female diagnosis

(Fig. 21 View Figure 21 ). A medium-large female of Megasoma , uniformly black, elytra covered for 5/6 of total surface by dense yellow-brownish pilosity. Size. L: 62 mm; PL: 17 mm; PW: 29 mm; EL: 42 mm; EW: 34 mm; FL: 17 mm; TF: 19 mm; HL: 8 mm. Head. Middle of fronto-clypeal suture with a single tubercle. Clypeus. Anterior lateral angles projecting into a very small tooth directed forwards and upwards; in this ssp. the two small teeth are distinctly more acuminate and curved upwards than in other species. Pronotum. Dull, except for the sides, with sparse bristles. Strongly convex, coarsely punctate-rugose; with posterior median carina flat, enlarged, smooth. Pronotum more expanded longitudinally and rounded laterally than in other species (Fig. 21A View Figure 21 ). Elytra. Punctate-rugose on dorsal, anterior area, glossy black; sculpture steadily finer towards pubescent surface. Pubescent surface rather sparse, roughly covered, with no visible longitudinal ridges. Legs. Fore tibiae shorter than tarsi, fairly arcuate, with three strong lateral teeth. On mesotibiae and metatibiae lateral teeth evolving into evident lateral carinae (Fig. 21C View Figure 21 ); lateral spiny processes extending up to 3 mm laterally, immediately before tarsi junction.

Measurements.

L: 49-65 mm; PL: 13-18 mm; PW: 21-29 mm; EL: 32-43 mm; EW: 29-36 mm; FL: 13-19 mm; TF: 15-20 mm; HL: 7-9 mm).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Dynastidae

Genus

Megasoma

Loc

Megasoma (Megasoma) typhon ssp. prandii Milani, 2008

Prandi, Massimo, Grossi, Paschoal C. & Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. 2020
2020
Loc

Megasoma (Megasoma) gyas ssp. prandii

Milani 2008
2008