Acestrorhynchus minimus

Toledo-Piza, Mônica, 2007, Phylogenetic relationships among Acestrorhynchus species (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Acestrorhynchidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4), pp. 691-757 : 745

AUTAPOMORPHIES OF A. MINIMUS

49. Horizontal through ventral margin of lagenar capsule situated ventral to horizontal through ventral margin of basioccipital, and vertical through posterior margin of lagenar capsule not reaching posterior margin of basioccipital (character 25, 2 <1). Independently acquired in A. nasutus .

50. Endopterygoid teeth arranged in one or two short rows of slightly enlarged teeth on the middle of ossification (character 52, 1> 2). Presence in A. nasutus has ambiguous interpretation.

51. Gill rakers on trailing edge of the fourth ceratobranchial very reduced in size and number (character 64, 2> 1).

52. Presence of teeth on basibranchial 4 (character 68, 0> 1). Independently acquired in A. britskii , A. nasutus , and in the clade formed by A. altus , A. abbreviatus , A. falcatus , A. lacustris , and A. pantaneiro . 53. Lack of posterior projection of ischiatic process and its associated cartilaginous tip (character 84, 1 <0).

54. Hypurals 2–3 in contact along their entire margins, but not fused (character 91, 3> 2) Independently acquired in clade formed by A. falcirostris , A. isalineae , and A. nasutus , and in A. falcatus .

55. Great reduction or loss of segment of parietal branch of supraorbital canal in parietal bone (character 97, 0> 1) Independently acquired in clade formed by A. falcirostris , A. isalineae , and A. nasutus . 56. Lateral line on body extending to approximately half the length of median caudal-fin rays (character 101, 2> 1) Independently acquired in clade formed by A. falcirostris , A. isalineae , and A. nasutus .

57. Lack of any characteristic pattern of pigmentation laterally on body (character 103, 3> 4). Independently acquired in A. heterolepis .