Dryptus pardalis (Férussac, 1821), Ferussac, 1821

Borrero, Francisco J. & Breure, Abraham S. H., 2011, The Amphibulimidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea) from Colombia and adjacent areas, Zootaxa 3054, pp. 1-59 : 10-11

Dryptus pardalis (Férussac, 1821)

( Figs 2 A–B, 4A)

Helix pardalis Férussac 1821: 48 . Type locality: not given. Plekocheilus pardalis (Férussac) ; Tello 1975: 201. Dryptus pardalis (Férussac) ; Breure 1984: 490, 495; Richardson 1995: 201 (references).

Bulimus leptochilus Pfeiffer 1848b: 48 . Type locality: La Baja, Prov. Pamplona.

Bulimus lindeni Reeve 1848 : pl. 31 fig. 189. Type locality: La Baja, Prov. Pamplona.

Bulimus plumbeus Pfeiffer 1855b: 114 . Type locality: Venezuela. Lectotype BMNH 1975130 ( Breure 1978: 31, pl. 11 fig. 1).

Material. Cesar, foothills of Sierra de Perijá, 10–30 km E of Becerril, El Roncón, B. Malkin leg./ 1968–1969: FMNH 163692–163694; Socorpa Mission trail [approx. 09° 47’ N 73° 02’ W, 1350 m; see Harvey et al. 2008], Becerril, Sierra de Perijá, Malkin leg./1968: FMNH 159207; Guajira, [Arroyo] Potrero de Venancio, 1100 m [not seen] ( Breure 1984); hills S of Carraipía, O.L. Haught leg./1943: USNM 599500; near Carraipía, Haught leg.: USNM 543494; vicinity of Carraipía, Haught leg./1947: MCZ 183880; Norte de Santander, Cúcuta, Hno. Nicéforo María leg./1936: ANSP 168419; Hacienda Villa Felisa, 18 km S of Cúcuta, 1100 ft [~ 333 m, erroneous; actual elevation approx. 560 m], M.A. Carriker leg./1947: USNM 590659; Palogordo, Táchira Valley, S of Cúcuta, 4500– 5500 ft [~ 1360–1660 m], Carriker leg./1947: USNM 590635; Petrolia [sic, = Petrólea], Olsson leg./1935: ANSP 166132; Petrólea, near sea level, Carriker leg.: USNM 517813; Ocaña, G. Wallis leg./1875: ZMUZ 511536; Buenos Aires, Highway Abrego–Sardinata, 6000–7000 ft [~ 1800–2120 m], Carriker leg./1947: USNM 486845; “Sta Librada” [= Santa Librada] (Sarare), Rochereau leg./1937: DMNH 141725; Santander, La Baja ( Baker 1926).?, New Granada: CMC C11024. Venezuela, Táchira, La Fría, H.B. Baker leg.: UMMZ 244280;?, 120 km E of Pamplona, Hno. Nicéforo María leg.: ANSP 170736.

Altitudinal range. The localities reported here range between “near sea level” and 2435 m.

Remarks. Bulimus leptochilus Pfeiffer, 1848 and Bulimus lindeni Reeve, 1848 were placed in the synonymy of this species by Pilsbry (1895: 40). The type locality for both is “La Baja, Province of Pamplona.” Richardson (1995: 202) was the first to group Bulimus plumbeus Pfeiffer, 1855 , hitherto considered a species of Thaumastus Albers, 1860 , together with Dryptus pardalis . See also the remarks under D. moritzianus , some records of which might be misidentified given that these species are closely related. There seem to be two distinct shapes of what is referred to as Dryptus pardalis : (1) some are cigar-shaped, tapering about evenly at either side, with the central part having near-parallel outlines; and (2) some with the spire substantially less wide, and the body whorl wider, so the whole shell is more “bulimuliform” in appearance. In addition, there is substantial variation in sculpture, with some specimens being nearly smooth (even fresh ones), and others are very sculptured.

Two samples are tentatively referred to this species. One is from near Cúcuta (UVZ 8101), corresponding to the second shape variation above. The other is a lot from Guajira, near Carraipía, (USNM 543492). While these specimens look very different from other Dryptus , they might be misshapen D. pardalis . Specifically, they are too short, and have a very globose last whorl, which includes a much shorter aperture. One of the specimens has a strong parietal callus. Two reasons make it probable that they are D. pardalis : (1) this species is known from the same locality (it is the only Dryptus known from Guajira); (2) two other lots of D. pardalis are known from Carraipía: USNM 543494 (2 specimens) and USNM 599500 (1 specimen). Furthermore, one could argue that the deformed specimens are shorter and globose due to climatic differences. Interestingly, the spire is not globose, it seems to be just the body whorl having this characteristic. However, the following arguments are against this classification: (1) two specimens are available and both are somewhat similarly misshapen; (2) these individuals are umbilicate (more so than any specimen of D. pardalis ); (3) neither one has much of a columellar fold. As is the case for several other species of Dryptus , D. pardalis may be widely distributed in Venezuela; Tello (1975) listed four Venezuelan Estados (states) in the distribution of this species, including Táchira and Zulia (bordering with Colombia), with Cumaná (Sucre) being the easternmost record. However, these records are in need of critical review.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Dryptus. A – B. D. pardalis (Férussac, 1821), USNM 590635 (H 95 mm). C. D. moritzianus (Pfeiffer, 1847), ANSP 168416 (H 116.5 mm). D – F. D. guerini (Pfeiffer, 1846), MCZ 222357 (H 45 mm).