Laeocathaica polytyla Moellendorff , 1899

Wu, Min, Shen, Wang & Chen, Zhong-Guang, 2023, Land snail diversity in central China: revision of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of seven new species, ZooKeys 1154, pp. 49-147 : 49

Laeocathaica polytyla Moellendorff, 1899

Figs 2A , 3 , 24A, B , 26 , 43A, B , 45K, L , 51

Laeocathaica polytyla Möllendorff, 1899: 98, pl. 6, fig. 7; - Wiegmann 1900: 118, pl. 3, figs 105-107; - Gude 1902: 6; - Yen 1939: 150, pl. 15, fig. 41; - Schileyko 2004: 1686, fig. 2174B-D; - Chen and Zhang 2004: 331, fig. 322; - Páll-Gergely et al. 2022: 68, fig. 20A-C.

Laeocathaica (Laeocathaica) polytyla - Zilch 1968: 174; - Richardson 1983: 78.

Museum material.

SMF 9098, lectotype; Nanping, Sung-pan. SMF 9099, paratypes; six fms; Nanping, Sung-pan. Other SMF material see in Yen 1939 (150).

New material.

HBUMM00506, 13 fma, 1 dissected; Anchanghexiang [安昌河乡], Wenxian, Gansu Province, 1200 m, near point (33.066003°N, 104.460018°E); 1998-V-19, coll. Chen, D.-N. and Zhang, G.-Q. HBUMM00513, a subadult; Shuanghexiang [双河乡], Jiuzhaigouxian, Sichuan Province, 1100 m, near (33.179715°N, 104.264968°E); 1998-V-18, coll. Chen, D.-N. and Zhang, G.-Q. HBUMM00579, many fms; Jiuzhaigouxian , Sichuan Province; 1998-V-18, coll. Chen D. and Zhang, G.-Q. HBUMM05419, 1 fms; hill foot of Yuxushan , Wenxian, Gansu Province; slate and shrubs, dry; 2006-IX-27, coll. Wu, M., Liu, J.-M., Zheng, W. and Gao, L.-H. HBUMM06490, many fms; Yuxushan , Wenxian, Gansu Province, 1070 m a.s.l., 32.959861°N, 104.678222°E, shrubs and slate, 2011-VIII-07, coll. Wu, M., Xu, Q. and Budha, P. HBUMM06523, many fms and juvs; town of Wenxian , Gansu Province, 1024 m a.s.l., 32.941111°N, 104.668889°E; 2011-VIII-08, coll. Wu, M., Xu, Q. and Budha, P. HBUMM08454, 23 fms, east of the town of Jiuzhaigouxian , Sichuan Province, 2020-VIII, coll. Chen, Z.-G. CZG202008-w6, 1 subadult; Shangdezhen , Wenxian, Gansu Province, near point (32.907414°N, 104.76994°E); 2020-VIII, coll. Chen, Z.-G. CZG202008-w11, 2 fms, near point (32.94936°N, 104.693006°E), town of Wenxian, Gansu Province , 2020-VIII, coll. Chen, Z.-G. HBUMM05437, many fma; 1 fma dissected; Yuxushan , Wenxian, Gansu Province, 32.957259°N, 104.689152°E, shrubs and slate, 2006-IX-27, coll. Wu, M., Liu, J.-M., Zheng, W. and Gao, L.-H. ; DNA voucher HBUMM05411. HBUMM06753, 3 fma, 7 fms; Eastern bank of Baishuijiang , Lihuacun , Jiuzhaigouxian, Sichuan Province, 1425 m, 33.267222°N, 104.234722°E; 2011-VI-14, coll. Wu, M., Xu, Q. and Buhda, P.

Distribution.

Gansu: Wenxian. Sichuan: Jiuzhaigouxian (type locality).

Additional information of shell.

Tiny elongate granules on protoconch, which can be only observed in juvenile shells, are densely and radially arranged. The granules on protoconch are absent in adult shell because of erosion or weathering. On teleoconch the growth lines are indistinct. Spiral grooves are absent throughout.

General anatomy.

Eversible head wart prominent. Jaw arcuate, with three projecting ribs.

Anatomy of genital organs.

Penial sheath covering ~ 1/4 of penis. Penis proximately tubular and distally expanded. Inside penis, two pilasters fusing into one Y-shaped fork at proximal 1/5, two more pilasters of similar thickness also present. Fine pilasters on distal end of penis merging into ~ 8 thick folds. Vas deferens narrow throughout. Vagina between atrium and dart sac not elongated. Vagina between dart sac and insertion of bursa copulatrix duct ~ 1/2 length of dart sac. Dart sac ~ 1/2 length of penis. Love dart ~ 1 mm long, apically 2-bladed. Accessory sac small but externally distinguishable, internally solid, inserting into dart sac at distal 1/3, opening to dart sac chamber. Mucous glands four or five, each singly tubular or simply branched. Proximal accessory sac absent. Bursa copulatrix duct equally thick.

Remarks.

See Laeocathaica parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov.

Figures

Figure 2. A distribution map of all known species of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 except L. anceyi (Moellendorff in Ancey, 1889), L. hisanoi Pall-Gergely, 2022, and L. leucorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 whose precise localities are not known; white dots: the localities where no Laeocathaica species was ever found B distribution of the new species described in this paper, yellow dots: L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov., green dot: L. zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov., brown dots: L. parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov., white dot: L. qiminglii Wu, sp. nov., pink dot: L. cheni Wu, sp. nov., blue dots: L. qishilii Wu, sp. nov., orange dots: L. nordsiecki Wu, sp. nov. C distribution of L. carinifera (H. Adams, 1870) (green dots), L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov. (yellow dots), and L. stenochone Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) D distribution of L. amdoana Moellendorff, 1899 (green dots), L. distinguenda Moellendorff, 1899 (pink dots), and L. tropidorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) C equivalent to the larger box in (A), B, D equivalent to the smaller box in (A).

Figure 3. Distribution map of Laeocathaica dityla Moellendorff, 1899 (green dots), L. odophora Moellendorff, 1899 (pink dots), L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899 (white dots), L. phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots), L. polytyla Moellendorff, 1899 (yellow dots), L. potanini Moellendorff, 1899 (red dots), and L. prionotropis Moellendorff, 1899 (orange dots). Range of the map is defined by the rectangle in the thumbnail.

Figure 24. A, B Laeocathaica polytyla Moellendorff, 1899 A SMF 9098, lectotype B HBUMM 05437 - spec. 1 C, D L. potanini Moellendorff, 1899 C SMF 9082, paratype D HBUMM 00633 - spec. 1.

Figure 26. Genital anatomy of Laeocathaica polytyla Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05437 - spec. 1 A general view B cross-section of dart sac at the position arrowed in (A) C, D left and ventral side of dart sac apparatus. Abbreviations: AS - accessory sac; At - atrium; BCD - bursa copulatrix duct; DS - dart sac; DSC - dart sac chamber; DtC - a chamber containing love dart; Ep - epiphallus; FO - free oviduct; MG - mucous glands; P - penis; PR - penial retractor muscle; PS - penial sheath; Va - vagina; VD - vas deferens.

Figure 43. Internal view of penis A, B Laeocathaica polytyla Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05437 - spec. 1 A general view B proximal penis C L. potanini Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 00633 - spec. 1, general view D L. prionotropis Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05549 - spec. 1, general view E, F L. stenochone Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05495 - spec. 1 E general view F proximal penis G L. carinifera (H. Adams, 1870), HBUMM 08443 - spec. 2, general view. Arrows indicate the position where two penial internal pilasters fuse into one distal pilaster.

Figure 45. SEM micrographs A, B Laeocathaica potanini Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 00633 A protoconch B teleoconch C, D L. dityla Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 00698 C protoconch D teleoconch E, F L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 01179 a-spec. 6, paratype E protoconch F teleoconch G, H L. christinae (H. Adams, 1870), HBUMM 01251 a G protoconch H teleoconch I, J L. carinifera (H. Adams, 1870), HBUMM 04162 I protoconch J teleoconch K, L L. polytyla Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05437 K protoconch L teleoconch.

Figure 51. Bayesian phylogram of camaenid species (for detail see in Table 1) based on the concatenated partial mitochondrial 16 S and partial ITS 2 sequences. The tree is rooted with Helix pomatia. Numbers near nodes indicating Bayesian posterior probabilities and Maximum-likelihood bootstrap values are given as BPP ⁄ BP. Black or orange part shows the topology where the result yielded by using Bayesian-Inference method agrees with that by using Maximum-likelihood method or not, respectively. An asterisk indicates the branch is exactly one third shortened in length. Scale bar is for substitutions per site.