Pectinaria kanabinos Hutchings & Peart, 2002

Zhang, Jinghuai & Hutchings, Pat, 2019, A revision of Australian Pectinariidae (Polychaeta), with new species and new records, Zootaxa 4611 (1), pp. 1-70 : 54-58

Pectinaria kanabinos Hutchings & Peart, 2002

Figs 29–30 , Table 3

Pectinaria kanabinos Hutchings & Peart, 2002: 99 – 127 , figs 11 – 12 & 16 – 17.

Material examined. Australia: Queensland: Holotype AM W.25616, Calliope River , N of Gladstone, 24°01’S 150°59’E, coll. P. Saenger, 24 Jun 1975 ; Paratype AM W.8534, 1 spec., Calliope River , N of Gladstone, 24°01’S 150°59’E, coll. P. Saenger, 24 Jun 1975 ; Paratype AM W.8535, 1 spec., Calliope River , N of Gladstone, 24°01’S 150°59’E, coll. P. Saenger, 24 Jun 1975 .

Additional material examined. Australia: Queensland: AM W.202176 , 1 spec., Halifax Bay , 19°07’S 146°33’E, 2 m, coll. Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Jan 1977 ; AM W.202175 , 2 specs, Halifax Bay , 19°09’S 146°37’E, 5 m, coll. Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Jan 1977 ; AM W.202174 , 1 spec., Halifax Bay , 19°10’S 146°38’E, 5 m, coll. Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Jan 1977 ; AM W.202178 , 1 spec., Halifax Bay , 19°10’S 146°38’E, 5 m, coll. Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Jan 1977 ; AM W.10267 , 1 spec., Calliope River, 23°49’S 151°13’E, coll. P. Saenger, 07 Oct 1975 ; AM W.13441 , 2 specs (1 spec. mounted for SEM), Calliope River , Gladstone , 23°51’S 151°10’E, coll. P. Saenger, Aug 1976 ; AM W.13442 , 1 spec., Gladstone , Calliope River , 23°51’S 151°10’E, coll. P. Saenger, Aug 1976 ; AM W.51422 , 6 specs, Calliope River , Gladstone , 23°51’S 151°10’E, coll. P. Saenger, 1974 . Western Australia: MV F134632 , 1 spec., Northwest Shelf, between Port Hedland and Dampier, 19°37’S 118°53’E, 30 m, coll. Poore, Gary C., Lew Ton, Helen M., Jun 1983 ; AM W.27510 , 1 spec., Dampier Archipelago , 20°31’S 116°39’E, coll. G.C.B. Poore, Feb 1969 .

Additional material (but not measured). Australia: Queensland: AM W.30913 , 1 spec., Cairns, Marlin Marina , 16°52’S 145°49’E, coll. CRC Reef Research Centre Ltd, 17 Nov 2001 ; AM W.202184 , 1 spec., Halifax Bay , 19°07’S 146°33’E, 2 m, coll. Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Jul 1977 ; AM W.202186 , 1 spec., Halifax Bay , 19°09’S 146°37’E, 5 m, Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Jul 1977 ; AM W.202185 , 1 spec., Halifax Bay , 19°10’S 146°44’E, 5 m, coll. Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Jul 1977 ; AM W.51422 , 74 specs, Calliope River, Gladstone , 23°51’S 151°10’E, coll. P. Saenger, 1974 .

Description. Based on all specimens measured. Preserved specimen pale or reddish in colour, conical in shape ( Fig. 29A, B ). Body length 5.2 – 22.6 mm (holotype 14.0 mm) including paleae and scaphe, width 0.5 – 4.1 mm (holotype 2.3 mm) at cephalic regions.

Cephalic veil oval, free from operculum, with 10 – 18 (holotype 18) smooth cirri on anterior margin and 2/3 of lateral margin ( Figs 29B – C ; 30C ). Pair of ear-shaped lobes adjacent to both sides of dorsal base of cephalic veil. Buccal tentacles long with wide longitudinal grooves, arising posterior to cephalic veil ( Figs 29B – C ; 30C ).

Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins well developed, smooth; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with 9 – 14 (holotype 10) pairs of golden paleae, curved dorsally, acute with extended tips ( Figs 29A, D, F ; 30A ).

First pair of tentacular cirri extending beyond tips of paleae, with annuli, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge ( Figs 29A ; 30A, C ). Pair of small ventral lappets present behind tentacular cirri near cephalic veil on segment 1. Ventral region of segment 1 covered by buccal tentacles and ventral lobe of segment 2 ( Figs 29B – C ; 30C ).

Second pair of tentacular cirri extending beyond opercular margin, with annuli, on almost latero-median connecting ridge of segment 2, inserted more dorsally than 1 st pair of tentacular cirr ( Figs 29B, F ; 30A ). Segment 2 with ventral lobes as pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes separated by grooves from base of 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, and narrow mid-ventral lobe about 1/4 width of ventro-lateral lobes ( Figs 29B – C ; 30C ). Segment 2 without dorsal lobe ( Figs 29A, D, F ; 30A ).

Comb-like branchiae on segments 3 – 4, consisting of series of dense, flat lamellae ( Figs 29D, F ; 30A ). Branchiae on segment 3 larger and inserted more ventrally than those of segment 4. Pair of small dorso-lateral glandular pads present adjacent to branchiae on segments 3 – 4 ( Figs 29D, F ; 30A ).

Distinct ventral glandular lobes present on segments 3 – 6, becoming progressively more lateral and broader on segments 3 – 5 ( Figs 29B – C ; 30C ). Hump present near branchiae on segment 4. Segment 3 with broad ventral lobe, higher at mid-line. Segments 4–5 each with pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes and mid-ventral lobe about 1/2 width of ventro-lateral lobes, separated from those by shallow grooves. Segment 6 with pair of broad ventral lobes with continuous papillae, separated from each other by deep mid-ventral notch ( Figs 29B – C ; 30C ).

Notopodia other than those of segment 1 which bear paleae, on segments 5 – 21 (17 pairs), each bearing two kinds of notochaetae; one short and winged from anterior row, bordered with serrations along distal portion, covered progressively with more spines from about middle to front of wing, on anterior surface; other long, stout and straight from posterior row, tapering to pointed tip, covered progressively with more spines from mid-anterior portion to tip, on anterior surface ( Figs 29A – D ; 30E – F ). Neuropodia, 13 pairs on segments 8 – 20, each with slightly raised torus with transverse row of uncini; each uncinus with U-shaped anterior peg embedded into torus, several rows of minor teeth, and four longitudinal rows of major teeth, each with 7 – 8 teeth ( Figs 29F ; 30G ). Segment 21 with pair of ventro-lateral lobes near notopodia.

Scaphe wide ovoidal, flattened dorsally, divided into four anterior narrow lobes and two posterior rounded lobes on each lateral margin; posterior margin with poorly marked rounded lappets near anal flap ( Figs 29A – D, F ; 30B ). Anal flap long tongue with marginal cirri and short anal cirrus. Scaphal hooks 2 – 5 (holotype 5, other material usually 3) pairs, amber, distinctly bent towards pointed tip ( Fig. 30B, D ).

Tube with wide opening, slightly curved, fragile wall made of yellow proteinaceous glue and large sand grains ( Fig. 29E ).

Methyl Green stained body distinctly green on cirri of cephalic veil, ventral lobes of segments 2–6, base of 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, dorso-lateral pads of segments 3–4, ventro-lateral regions adjacent to neuropodia on segments 20–21, ventro-median region between segment 21 and scaphe, and ventro-lateral regions on posterior end of scaphe ( Fig. 29 ).

Distribution. Queensland and NW Western Australia ( Fig. 1 ).

Habitat. Found in shallow waters and estuarine conditions.

Remarks. We have expanded the original description of Pectinaria kanabinos Hutchings & Peart, 2002 , and provided additional images of the holotype and details on morphological characters which were not included in the original description. These include a pair of lateral ear-shaped lobes adjacent to both sides of dorsal base of cephalic veil, pair of small ventral lappets on segment 1, pair of small dorso-lateral glandular pads on segments 3 and 4, ventral lobes on segments 3–6, U-shaped anterior peg on uncini and four longitudinal rows of major teeth, and revision of scaphe. Pectinaria kanabinos has more paleae in larger individuals; the number of cirri of cephalic veil and scaphal hooks does not significantly increase with body size ( Fig. 31 ). Pectinaria kanabinos can be easily distinguished with all other Pectinaria species by having a long anal flap with cirri on the lateral and posterior margins ( Table 3 ). Pectinaria kanabinos and P. dodeka often occur in the same localities ( Fig. 1E – F ). They are very similar as both have continuous papillae on ventral lobes of segment 6, paleae with extended pointed tips, well marked dorso-lateral pads on segments 3 – 4 and a few pairs of scaphal hooks with distinctly curved tips. But they differ from P. dodeka which has an anal flap with smooth margins and 2 – 3 longitudinal rows of major teeth on uncini, whereas P. kanabinos has a long anal flap with cirri on lateral and posterior margins and four longitudinal rows of major teeth on uncini.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distribution of the species of Amphictene, Lagis and Pectinaria in Australia.

FIGURE 29. Pectinaria kanabinos Hutchings & Peart, 2002 Methyl Green stained body, Holotype (AM W.25616): A. Dorsal view of entire body; B. Ventral view of entire body. AM W.51422: C. Ventral view of entire body; D. Lateral view of entire body; E. Tube; F. Lateral view of anterior end; G. Ventro-lateral view of posterior end. Abbreviations: af, anal flap; an, anus; br, branchiae; bt, buccal tentacles; cv, cephalic veil; dlp, dorso-lateral pads; op, operculum; or, opercular rim; p, paleae; s, segment; sc, scaphe; tc, tentacular cirri.

FIGURE 30. Pectinaria kanabinos Hutchings & Peart, 2002 SEM (AM W.13441). A. Laterior view of anterior end; B. Dorsal view of posterior end; C. Ventral view of anterior end; D. Scaphal hooks; E–F. Close up of notochaetae, segment 11; G. Uncini, segment 11. Abbreviations: ac, anal cirrus; af, anal flap; br, branchiae; bt, buccal tentacles; cv, cephalic veil; dlp, dorso-lateral pads; nec, neurochaetae; noc, notochaetae; op, operculum; or, opercular rim; p, paleae; s, segment; sc, scaphe; sh, scaphal hooks; tc, tentacular cirri.

FIGURE 31. Relationship between body width and body length, number of cirri on cephalic veil, number of paleae, number of scaphal hooks for Pectinaria kanabinos Hutchings & Peart, 2002.