Cebus apella (Linnaeus 1758)

Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Primates, Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 111-184 : 137

Cebus apella (Linnaeus 1758)

[Simia] apella Linnaeus 1758 , Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 28 .

Type Locality: French Guiana.

Vernacular Names: Tufted Capuchin.

Synonyms: Cebus capillatus Gray 1865 ; Cebus cirrifer É. Geoffroy 1812 ; Cebus crassiceps Pucheran 1857 ; Cebus cristatus G. Cuvier 1829 ; Cebus fallax Schlegel 1876 ; Cebus fistulator Reichenbach 1862 ; Cebus frontatus Kuhl 1820 ; Cebus hypomelas (Pucheran 1854) ; Cebus leucogenys Gray 1866 ; Cebus lunatus Kuhl 1820 ; Cebus niger É. Geoffroy 1812 ; Cebus subcristatus Gray 1865 ; Cebus variegata (Humboldt 1812) .

Subspecies: :

Subspecies Cebus apella subsp. apella Linnaeus 1758

Subspecies Cebus apella subsp. fatuellus Linnaeus 1766

Subspecies Cebus apella subsp. macrocephalus Spix 1823

Subspecies Cebus apella subsp. margaritae Hollister 1914

Subspecies Cebus apella subsp. peruanus Thomas 1901

Subspecies Cebus apella subsp. tocantinus Lönnberg 1939

Distribution: N and W South America, from Guyana, Venezuela (south from the Río Orinoco delta) and Colombia south across the Amazon in Brazil to about 5°S in the east and to the headwaters of the upper tributaries in the west, nearly to 10°S.

Conservation: CITES – Appendix II; IUCN – Critically Endangered as C. a. margaritae, otherwise Least Concern (including listing as C. macrocephalus ).

Discussion: C. apella species group. Mittermeier et al. (1988:13-75) suggested that C. xanthosternos is a distinct species; followed by Groves (2001 c), who also separated C. libidinosus and C. nigritus as distinct species.