Heteropoda hainanensis, Korai & Jäger, 2024

Korai, Shakal Khan & Jäger, Peter, 2024, Five new species of the spider genus Heteropoda Latreille, 1804 (Araneae: Sparassidae) from China, European Journal of Taxonomy 947 (1), pp. 109-129 : 117-122

Heteropoda hainanensis sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:001373A2-6850-4B44-8D12-20BBD1EF0C71

Figs 5–7 , 10

Diagnosis

Males of this new species similar to those of H. helge Jäger, 2008 ( Jäger 2008: figs 22–38) and H. nyalama Hu & Li, 1987 ( Hu & Li 1987: figs 36–37) in having reduced vRTA, conductor short and almost running straight with acuminate tip, arising from nearly 11-o’clock-position on tegulum, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: (1) embolus arising from 4-o’clock position (arising from 6-o’clock-position in H. helge and H. nyalama ); (2) spermophor with acute angle in distal tegular half, distinctly undulating at retrolateral tegular margin (with obtuse angle in distal tegular half and only slightly curved in proximal half of tegulum in H. helge and H. nyalama ); (3) dRTA distally sharply pointed in retrolateral view (with blunt distal tip in H. helge and H. nyalama ). Males are also similar to those of H. belua Jäger, 2005a , H. cece Jäger, 2014 , H. gyirongensis Hu & Li, 1987 , H. hildebrandti Jäger, 2008 and H. mecistopus Pocock, 1898 in having a similarly shaped spermophor, but can be distinguished by (1) embolus smooth (with basal or sub-basal outgrowth in H. belua and H. hildebrandti ); (2) vRTA simple, flat (with distinct hump in H. belua , H. cece , H. gyirongensis , H. hildebrandti and H. mecistopus ); (3) dRTA simple (with bifurcate tip in H. hildebrandti ). Females of this new species similar to those of H. helge ( Jäger 2008: figs 22–38) in having disk-shaped first windings, glandular pores situated medially on the centre of first windings and an upside-down bottleneck-shaped median septum, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: (1) median septum relatively longer, i.e., ca 3 times as long as wide at its narrowest part (median septum stouter, i.e., at most 2 times as long as wide at its narrowest part in H. helge ); (2) subseptal pocket absent (present and strongly sclerotised in H. helge ); (3) posterior part of IDS kidney-shaped (roughly rounded in H. helge ) ( Figs 5–6 ).

Etymology

The specific epithet refers to the type locality of this species, Hainan Island; adjective.

Type material

Holotype

CHINA • ♂; Hainan Province, Lingshui Li Autonomous County, Zuguan Town, Diaoluo Mountain ; [18°40′01″ N, 109°55′32″ E]; [316 m a.s.l.]; 20 Apr. 2009; F.X. Liu leg.; CBEE.

Paratypes

CHINA • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; CBEE • 1 ♂; Hainan Province, Danzhou City, Changjiang Lizu County, Qicha Town , Bawangling National Nature Reserve ; [19°60′21″ N, 109°10′22″ E]; [1000 m a.s.l.]; 17 Apr. 2013; Y. Zhong and F.X. Liu leg.; CBEE • 2 ♀♀; Hainan Province, Wuzhishan City, Qiongzhong County, Tongshi Town , Wuzhi Mountain ; [18°89′01″ N, 109°70′11″ E]; [2502 m a.s.l.]; 26 Jul. 2020; J. Liu leg.; CBEE .

Description

Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. BL 10.0; PL 5.3, PW 5.8; AW 2.0; OL 4.7, OW 3.7. Eyes: AME 0.26, ALE 0.34, PME 0.27, PLE 0.44, AME–AME 0.15, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.27, PME–PLE 0.38, AME–PME 0.34, ALE–PLE 0.27, CH AME 0.33, CH ALE 0.30. Spination: Palp 131, 101, 2121; Fe I–II 323, III 322, IV 321; Pa I 101, II 100, III–IV 101; Ti I –, II–IV 2126; Mt I –, II 0004, III 1024, IV 3136. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 7.9 (2.3, 1.2, 1.8, –, 2.6); I – (–, 2.2, –, –,–); II 24.3 (5.9, 2.5, 6.6, 6.9, 2.3); III 18.8 (4.6, 2.3, 4.8, 5.3, 1.5); IV 21.6 (5.3, 2.2, 5.4, 6.6, 2.0). Leg formula: II–IV–III. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior, 4 posterior teeth and ca 29 intermarginal denticles.

PALP. As in diagnosis. RTA arising distally from tibia, vRTA short with straight distal margin. Cymbium elongated, at least more than twice as long as tegulum. Conductor running almost straight distally, extending slightly beyond cymbial margin, with acuminate tip in ventral view. Embolus filiform and almost running semicircular in ventral view ( Figs 5A , 6 ).

COLOURATION IN ETHANOL. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish- to slightly reddish-brown, with distinct striae. Fovea distinctly darker. Chelicerae yellowish-brown, with two longitudinal lines of light brown spots. Sternum, labium and gnathocoxae pale yellowish to yellowish-brown, the former with brown margins. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow to yellowish-brown, with two pairs of dots, and a transversal darker marking in front of spinnerets with distal light vertical markings; ventrally yellowish-brown, with irregular markings and a single tiny V-shaped marking close to spinnerets ( Fig. 7A–B ).

Female (paratype)

MEASUREMENTS. BL 9.8; PL 4.5, PW 4.2; AW 2.0; OL 5.3, OW 3.7. Eyes: AME 0.22, ALE 0.34, PME 0.25, PLE 0.34, AME–AME 0.14, AME–ALE 0.10, PME–PME 0.32, PME–PLE 0.42, AME–PME 0.36, ALE–PLE 0.30, CH AME 0.20, CH ALE 0.22. Spination: Palp 131, 101, 2121, 1014; Fe I–II 323, III 322, IV 321; Pa I–IV101; Ti I–II 1018, III–IV 2026; Mt I–II 0004, III 1024, IV 3036. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 5.9 (1.6, 1.0, 1.3, –, 1.9); I 15.0 (4.1, 2.2, 3.5, 3.7, 1.3); II 17.9 (4.8, 2.3, 4.2, 4.2, 1.60); III 13.2 (4.0, 1.7, 3.1, 3.3, 1.0); IV 15.3 (4.3, 1.8, 3.6, 4.3, 1.2). Leg formula: II–IV–I–III. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior, 4 posterior teeth and ca 31 intermarginal denticles.

COPULATORY ORGAN. As in diagnosis. Epigynal field slightly wider than long, with distinct anterior bands attached to field. Median septum relatively long, narrower at its posterior part, i.e., partly covered by lateral lobes. Median margins of lateral lobes gently curved, in ventral view. First winding of IDS membranous, touching each other medially. Fertilization ducts extending posteriorly distinctly beyond rests of IDS, their tips dorsad ( Fig. 5B–D ).

COLOURATION IN ETHANOL. Same as in male, but slightly darker with longitudinal lines on frontal chelicerae solid ( Fig. 7C–D ).

Distribution

China (Hainan) ( Fig. 10 ).

Figures

Fig. 5. Heteropoda hainanensis sp. nov., holotype male (A) and paratype female (B–D) from Diaoluo Mountain (CBEE).A. Left male palp, ventral view. B. Vulva, dorsal view. C. Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view. D. Epigyne, ventral view. Abbreviations: AB = anterior bands; C = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; FW = first winding; LL = lateral lobes; MS = median septum; SD = sperm duct. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–D = 0.8 mm.

Fig. 6. Heteropoda hainanensis sp. nov., holotype male from Diaoluo Mountain (CBEE), left palp. A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view.Abbreviations: dRTA = dorsal part of retrolateral tibial apophysis; E = embolus; T = tegulum; vRTA = ventral part of retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 7. Heteropoda hainanensis sp. nov., holotype male (A–B) and paratype female (C–D) from Diaoluo Mountain (CBEE). A. Male habitus, dorsal view.B. Male habitus, ventral view.C. Female habitus, dorsal view. D. Female habitus, ventral view. Scale bars = 3 mm.

Fig. 10. Locality records for five new species of Heteropoda Latreille, 1804 from China: 1. Heteropoda bawanglingensis sp. nov. (♀, Hainan); 2. H. dulongensis sp. nov. (♂♀, Yunnan); 3. H. hainanensis sp. nov. (♂♀, Hainan); 4. H. longa sp. nov. (♀, Guizhou); and 5. H. vaginalis sp. nov. (♀, Yunnan).