Tulostoma pulchellum Sacc., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 5(4): 118. 1890 [1889].

Jeppson, Mikael, Altes, Alberto, Moreno, Gabriel, Nilsson, R. Henrik, Yolanda Loarce,, Bustos, Alfredo de & Larsson, Ellen, 2017, Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales), MycoKeys 21, pp. 33-88 : 61

Tulostoma pulchellum Sacc., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 5(4): 118. 1890 [1889]. Figures 2l, 14, 15

Tulostoma poculatum ≡ V.S. White, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 431. 1901. Holotype. USA, Nebraska: Long Pine, Bates (NY).

Tulostoma minutum ≡ V.S. White, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 433. 1901. Holotype. USA, Colorado: Bethel 22a (NY).

Tulostoma hollosii ≡ Z. Moravec, Preslia 28: 36. 1956. Holotype. CZECH REPUBLIC, Praha: Prokopské údolí, kopec u koupalisté, 3 Oct. 1952, Moravec (PRM).

Holotype.

AUSTRALIA, Tepper (PAD).

This is a characteristic species with a distinct membranous exoperidium, a snow-white endoperidium and a ± delimited, fibrillose-fimbriate mouth. The ornamentation of the spores is composed of a dense cover of low verrucae, sometimes coalescing into ridges. Collections with a ridged type of ornamentation have been distinguished as T. hollosii and T. pulchellum var. subfuscum (cfr. Moreno et al. 1992b, Specht and Schubert 2012). Our sequence data based on specimens with isolated verrucae as well as on those with distinct ridges (Figure 2l), a paratype of T. hollosii included (Figure 15), indicate conspecificity. Our molecular data suggest T. pulchellum to be closely related to T. striatum (Figure 1b).

Habitat and distribution.

Tulostoma pulchellum has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring in exposed, dry, and warm habitats. In Europe it is on record from the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, and Spain ( Kreisel 2001, Kříž 2011, Specht and Schubert 2012, Sarasini 2005). It is here confirmed also from Central Asia (Mongolia).

Specimens examined.

CZECH REPUBLIC, Litomeřice: Radobýl, 18 Jan. 2014, P. Brůžek (GB); Praha: in valle Prokopské údoli dicta, ap. vicum Klukovice prope Pragam, in sinuis saxorum calcarearum, 2 Dec. 1951, Z. Moravec 132/51 (paratype T. hollosii , UPS)*. GERMANY, Sachsen-Anhalt: Halberstadt, Hammelberg, Nov. 2011, H. Schubert, P. Specht (GB). HUNGARY, Bács-Kiskun: Bugac, Bugacpuszta, near Pásztormuzeum, Cynodon -grassland, 12 Apr. 2006, I. Rimóczi, T. Knutsson, T. Gunnarsson, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7788 (GB); Kecskemét, Kisfái, sandstäpp i kanten av tallplantering, 4 Feb 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6589 (GB); Kunbaracs, sand steppe vegetation, 10 Oct. 2004, K. Hjelmér, M. Jeppson 6812 (GB); Lakitelek, Szikra, by the railway station, ruderal sand steppe vegetation, 17 Feb. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6647 (GB)*; Lakitelek, Árpádszállás, sandy roadside in Pinus plantation, 17 Feb. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6614 (GB); Csongrád: Opusztaszer, Hantháza, ruderal, sheep-grazed sand steppe vegetation, 14 Apr. 2006, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7833 (GB)*; Pest: Csévharaszt, Csévharaszti borókás, Festucetum vaginatae , 11 Apr. 2009, T. Knutsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, M. Jeppson 8905 (GB). MEXICO, Baja California: La Rumorosa, terreno árido, escarpado y pedregoso, 9 Dec. 1987, C. Ochoa, A. Altés (AH 12967, GB)*. MONGOLIA, Terelj National Park, 2010, Ö. Fritz 2010-1 (GB)*. SPAIN, Granada: Cenes de la Vega, cerca del Llano de la Perdiz, zona árida con Pinus halepensis , P. sylvestris y Cistus ladanifer , 21 Jul. 1991, R. Galán (as T. pulchellum var. subfuscum , AH 13627, GenBank KX640982); Segovia: Cuellar, en suelo arenoso en claro de pinar de Pinus pinaster , 20 Nov. 1994, F. García (MA-F 33568)*; Valladolid, Tudela de Duero, Pradillos, suelo arenoso bajo Pinus pinea , 27 Feb. 1993, P. Juste (MA-F 32338, GenBank KX640983).