Cyphoderus mucrostrimenus, Oliveira & Alves & Zeppelini, 2017

Oliveira, João Victor L. C., Alves, Jorge L. S. & Zeppelini, Douglas, 2017, Two new Cyphoderus (Collembola: Paronellidae) of “ tridenticulati ” and “ bidenticulati ” groups from Brazilian Amazon, Zootaxa 4350 (1), pp. 47-60 : 54-58

Cyphoderus mucrostrimenus sp. nov.

Figs 18–31

Type material. Holotype, female on slide 5449, 23 I 2014. Brazil, Pará, Parauapebas , S 06°25’15.1”, W 56°18’53.6”, MSS, drilling hole, leg. Mise, K . Holotype deposited at the CRFS-UEPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba . Paratype, juv. on slide 3643, 25 IV–03 V 2012. Brazil, Pará, Parauapebas S 6°06'19.2", W 50°07'09.4", Flona Carajás, soil surface, leg. Andrade et. al. deposited at CRFS-UEPB . Paratype, Male on slide 3165, 25 IV–03 V 2012. Brazil, Pará, Parauapebas , S 06°06'19.2", W 50°07'09.9", Flona Carajás, soil litter, surface, leg. Andrade et. al . Paratype deposited at MNURFJ.

Other material. See Table 2.

Description. Habitus typical of the genus, length 0.85 mm (average type specimens). Body color white. Eyes lacking, without ocular patch. Scales present on antennal segments I and II, head, body and furca (ventrally on manubrium, both sides on dens), and absent on legs and ventral tube.

Antennae ( Figs. 18–21 ) 1.34 times the length of the head, segmentations I: II: III: IV as 1: 2.6: 2: 3.8. Sensilla present on all antennal segments; Ant. I ventrally with one microchaeta, one mesochaeta and five macrochaetae; dorsally with eight distal mesochaetae, and two macrochaetae, one mesochaeta and one sensillum in proximal portion ( Fig. 18 ). Ant. II dorsally with five bristle-like sensilla ( Fig. 7C ) and three sense rods ( Fig. 7A ) in medial area; ventrally with one apical sense rod ( Fig. 7A ) and eleven bristle-like sensilla ( Fig. 7C ) these nine are arranged apically ( Fig. 19 ); AIIIO ( Fig. 20 ) with three apical bristle-like sensilla ( Fig. 7C ) and two sense rods ( Fig. 7A ). One pseudopore apically and one microsensillum ( Fig. 7B ) on basis of antennal segment. Ant. IV apical bulb absent, dorsally with twelve bristle-like ( Fig. 7C ) sensilla and ventrally with five bristle-like sensilla ( Fig. 7C ) and one microsensillum ( Fig. 7B ) ( Fig. 21 ).

Head dorsal chaetotaxy ( Fig. 22 ) with three macrochaetae, one mesochaeta and two microchaetae at the An series; six chaetae at the A series (A0–A5); M2–M4, S0–S1–S2–S4–S 4i –S5–S 5i, Ps2–Ps3 present; posterior chaetae Pa1, Pa2, Pa5, Pa6 (bothriotrix), Pm2–Pm3, Pp1–Pp2–Pp3 and Pe2–Pe3 present. Labral, pre-labral and Lapial palps chaetae similar to C. mucrominimus sp. nov. (as in Figs 6 and 8 ). Labial triangle formula M1 M2 r E L1–2 A1–4 ( Fig. 23 ).

Main macrochaetae on segments Th. II to Abd. IV as 00/0008+6. Body chaetotaxy as in Fig. 24 . Th. II with a2, m1–2, m4–7, p1–6, p6e and one antero-lateral microchaeta. Th. III with m2, m7, m6p, p2–4, p6 and one anterolateral microchaeta. Abd. I with m2–m6 and as. Abd. II with two bothriotricha a5 and m2 surrounded by 2 and 3 fan-shaped chaetae respectively, m3e, a6–7, m3, m5–6, p6–7 and as present. Abd. III with three bothriotricha a5, m2, m5 surrounded by 3,3,2 fan-shaped chaetae respectively; a6–7, m3, pm6, am6, p6–7 present, microchaeta as as present and one extra sensillum near p6 chaetae. Abd. IV with three bothriotricha T2, T4 and E4 surrounded by 4,1,1 fan-shaped chaetae respectively; A4 and A5 with accessory sensillum. A3, A6, B3–6, C1, C1p, C2–4, T3, T5–7, D1, D1p, D3, De3, E1–4, E4p and F1 present, posterior row of chaetae at the distal edge of Abd. IV with 5+5 chaetae, 3+3 pseudopores present on the distal edge of the segment.

Legs ( Figs 25–29 ) without scales, trochanteral organ with 8 ciliated chaetae arranged in V-shape ( Fig. 27 ). Tibiotarsi with one tenent hair apically clavated ( Fig. 29 ). Claw broad, with one tooth in external lamella; a pair of inner basal teeth of unequal size and one unpaired subapical tooth ( Fig. 29 ). Unguiculi pointed and broad ( Fig. 29 ).

Ventral tube without scales, anteriorly with 4+4 macrochaetae, 1+1 proximal mesochaeta and 4+4 distal mesochaetae (2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior), all ciliated ( Fig. 30 ).

Furcula ( Fig. 31 ). Manubrium 1.7 times as long as dens; Manubrial plate with 2 ciliate chaetae and 2 pseudopores. Dens 1.4 times longer than mucro, dorsally with 2 rows of feathered scales, 6 external and 3 internal, and 4 ciliated chaetae between the two rows; proximal outer part of dens with 3 ciliated chaetae and 2 smooth apical chaetae on ventral side, one at the base of each scale row. Mucro long, slender and clearly twisted, apically bidentate (aA).

Etymology. The name is taken from Greek στΡΙΜΜένα “ strimména ”, meaning “twisted”, in allusion to the shape of the mucro.

Distribution. The species was only found in Amazon Rainforest, at type locality, Parauapebas (Carajás), Pará State, northern Brazil.

Ecology. C. mucrostrimenus sp. nov. was collected in MSS, three shallow caves and the surroundings epigeic soil and leaf litter, altitude between 500– 670m. The climate according to Köppen’s system is Af: Equatorial rainforest, fully humid ( Köppen 1936, Kottek et al. 2006).

Remarks. C. mucrostrimenus sp. nov. differs from Brazilian bidenticulati Cyphoderus ( C. agnotus and C. similis ) by the shape of the mucro which is long (at least 0.6× the length of dens) slender and clearly twisted in the new species. It can also be differentiated from those species by bearing a chaetae L 2 in labial triangle (absent in C. agnotus and C. similis ), TO with 8 chaeta (12~ 15 in C. agnotus and 11~ 29 in C. similis ), dens with 6 external and 3 internal feathered scales (6 external and 5 internal feathered scales in C. agnotus and in C. similis ).

Figures

FIGURES 16 − 21. 16 − 17 Cyphoderus mucrominimus sp. nov.: 16, ventral tube anterior (left) and posterior (right) chaetotaxy; 17, dentes and mucros (dorsal view). 18 − 21 Cyphoderus mucrostrimenus sp. nov.: 18, first antennal segment; 19, second antennal segment; 20, third antennal segment; 21, fourth antennal segment. Antennal segments, right is ventral view; left is dorsal view (ventral chaetae—grayed).

FIGURES 22 − 24. Cyphoderus mucrostrimenus sp. nov.: 22, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; 23, labial triangle chaetotaxy; 24, trunk chaetotaxy (left side). Symbols as in Fig. 5.

FIGURES 25 − 29. Cyphoderus mucrostrimenus sp. nov.: 25, coxa; 26, trochanter; 27, trochanteral organ; 28, femur; 29, empodial complexes (column A, leg I; column B, leg II; column C, leg III).

FIGURES 30 − 31. Cyphoderus mucrostrimenus sp. nov.: 30, ventral tube chaetotaxy (anterior side); 31, furca (dorsal view).

FIGURES 1 − 7. Cyphoderus mucrominimus sp. nov.: Antennal segments, right is ventral view; left is dorsal view. 1, first antennal segment; 2, second antennal segment, apical sensilla; 3, third antennal segment, ventroapical AIIIO; 4, fourth antennal segment; 5, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; 6, clypeo-labral chaetotaxy; 7, Antennal and body chaetae: A) sense rod. B) microsensillum. C) bristle-like. D) spine-like chaeta. E) ciliated chaeta. F) smooth chaeta. G) bothriotrix. H) fan-shaped chaeta. Micro, meso and macrochaeta symbols equal to Fig. 7 E.

FIGURES 8 − 10. Cyphoderus mucrominimus sp. nov.: 8, labial palp chaetotaxy; 9, labial triangle chaetotaxy, left side; 10, trunk chaetotaxy, left side. Symbols as in Fig. 5.