Garcinia section Rheedia (L.) S.W.Jones ex P.W.Sweeney, comb. & stat. nov. Clade 2

Gaudeul, Myriam, Sweeney, Patrick & Munzinger, Jerome, 2024, An updated infrageneric classification of the pantropical species-rich genus Garcinia L. (Clusiaceae) and some insights into the systematics of New Caledonian species, based on molecular and morphological evidence, PhytoKeys 239, pp. 73-105 : 73

2. Garcinia section Rheedia (L.) S.W.Jones ex P.W.Sweeney, comb. & stat. nov. Clade 2

Figs 2 , 3

Basionym.

Rheedia L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1193 (1753).

Type.

Rheedia lateriflora L. [= Garcinia humilis (Vahl.) C.D.Adams, Phytologia 20(5): 312 (1970); non Garcinia lateriflora Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 5: 214 (1825)].

Distinguishing sectional characters.

Flowers usually with four petals (sepal number varies from two to five). Staminate flowers with stamens free or united into fascicles with filaments united up to ½ (rarely up to 2/3) of their length. Pollen tri-colporate with long ectoaperatures and endocolpi ( Jones 1980). Ovaries with two to four locules and a single ovule per locule, placentation axile. Vesque (1893:288) noted that the leaves of species included in this section (i.e., species placed in the genus Rheedia and Garcinia subgenus Rheediopsis in his monograph) have sunken stomata with raised papilla-like protuberances arising from the accessory cells and partially covering the stomatal opening. Neotropics and Afrotropics.

This section includes species placed by Jones (1980) into sections Rheedia (L.) S.W.Jones nom. inval. (Art. 30.9, Turland et al. 2018); Rheediopsis Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 1, Fasc. 5, 2 (1883), Type. G. smeathmannii (Planch. & Triana) N.Robson ex Spirl. (lectotype, designated here); and Teracentrum Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 1, Fasc. 5, 1 (1883), Type. G. livingstonei T. Anderson. This section includes species that were formerly placed into the genus Rheedia L.

Species.

Garcinia albuquerquei (M.E.Berg) Bittrich; G. ambrensis (H.Perrier) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. anjouanensis (H.Perrier) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. aphanophlebia Baker; G. apostoloi Mouzinho; G. arenicola (Jum. & H.Perrier) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. aristata (Griseb.) Borhidi; G. bakeriana (Urb.) Borhidi; G. barkeriana (Urb. & Ekman) Alain; G. benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly; G. brasiliensis Mart.; G. calcicola (Jum. & H.Perrier) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. cincta (Urb.) Borhidi; G. clarensis Borhidi; G. commersonii (Planch. & Triana) Vesque; G. cubensis (Borhidi) Borhidi; G. dalleizettei (H.Perrier) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. decussata C.D.Adams; G. floribunda Miq.; G. fluviatilis Mouzinho & L.Marinho; G. gabonensis Sosef & Dauby; G. gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi; G. x guacopary (S.Moore) M.Nee; G. hessii (Britton) Alain; G. humilis (Vahl) C.D.Adams; G. intermedia (Pittier) Hammel; G. kingaensis Engl.; G. leptophylla Bittrich; G. livingstonei T.Anderson; G. macrophylla Mart.; G. madruno (Kunth) Hammel; G. magnifolia (Pittier) Hammel; G. magnophylla (Cuatrec.) Hammel; G. mangorensis (R.Vig. & Humbert) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. martinii (Maguire) Govaerts; G. megistophylla P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. moaensis (Bisse) Borhidi; G. obliqua Sosef & Dauby; G. ophiticola (Borhidi) Borhidi; G. ovalifolia Oliv.; G. pachyclada N.Robson; G. parviflora Benth.; G. pervillei (Planch. & Triana) Vesque; G. polyneura (Urb.) Borhidi; G. portoricensis (Urb.) Alain; G. pulvinata (Planch. & Triana) Hammel; G. pungens Borhidi; G. revoluta (Urb.) Borhidi; G. robsoniana Bamps; G. ruscifolia (Griseb.) Borhidi; G. semseii Verdc.; G. serpentini Borhidi; G. smeathmannii (Planch. & Triana) Oliv.; G. spruceana (Engl.) Mouzinho; G. staudtii Engl.; G. thouvenotii (H.Perrier) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. tsimatimia P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. urschii (H.Perrier) P.W.Sweeney & Z.S.Rogers; G. verticillata Alain.

Figures

Figure 2. Molecular phylogeny of Garcinia L. based on ITS sequences and Bayesian inference. Posterior probabilities (PP) and bootstrap support values (BS), obtained respectively by the Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis, are indicated at each node of the cladogram. Nodes were collapsed when PP <0.50. The lineages / sections discussed in the text are highlighted, and species names appear in colors depending on their native distribution areas: light blue, Central and South America; light green, Tropical Africa; dark green, Madagascar and Western Indian Ocean islands; grey, Southeast Asia; purple, Australia; orange, New Guinea; red, New Caledonia; dark blue, Southwest Pacific islands. Distribution information was taken from the Plants of the World Online website (POWO 2023; also see the table of vouchers). A few species occur in several regions, and the color of the main (largest) geographic region was used. Accessions in bold were newly sequenced in this study.

Figure 3. Molecular phylogeny of Garcinia L. based on a combined chloroplast DNA dataset and Bayesian inference. Posterior probabilities (PP) and bootstrap support values (BS), obtained respectively by the Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis, are indicated at each node of the cladogram. Nodes were collapsed when PP <0.50. The lineages / sections discussed in the text are highlighted, and species names appear in colors depending on their native distribution areas: light green, Tropical Africa; dark green, Madagascar and Western Indian Ocean islands; grey, Southeast Asia; purple, Australia; orange, New Guinea; red, New Caledonia; dark blue, Southwest Pacific islands. Distribution information was taken from the Plants of the World Online website (POWO 2023; also see the table of vouchers). A few species occur in several regions, and the color of the main (largest) region was used. All accessions were newly sequenced in this study.