Hedysarum cajanifolium Kunth, 2014

Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De, Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart De Azevedo & Lewis, Gwilym Peter, 2014, A Taxonomic Revision of Desmodium (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 169 (1), pp. 1-119 : 33-35

7. Desmodium cajanifolium (Kunth) DC., Prodr. 2: 331. 1825. Hedysarum cajanifolium Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 6: 525. 1824. Meibomia cajanifolia (Kunth) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 195. 1891. Lectotype (designated here):— COLOMBIA. Fluminis Magdalane, alt 140 hex, F.W.H.A. von Humboldt & A.J.A. Bonpland s.n. (lectotype P-HUMB!, isolectotype P!). Fig. 9 .

Hedysarum multiflorum Willd. : Schltdl. e Cham., Linnaea 5: 586. 1830, nom.nud., pro syn., nom. illeg., non De Candolle, 1825. Based on:—Equatorial America, F.W.H.A. von Humboldt s.n. (B-Willd13797!).

Erect, branched shrub or subshrub, 1–3 m tall, without a xylopodium; stems not virgate, slender or not, cylindrical, striate, sparsely uncinate or puberulous-uncinate, rarely glabrescent, not glaucous; internodes 2–5.2 cm long. Stipules 4 × 2 mm, ovate, not auriculate, semi-amplexicaul, inserted perpendicularly at the base of the leaf petiole, free from each other, apex acuminate, margin straight, sparsely puberulous-uncinate, veins conspicuous, caducous. Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 3–11(–40) mm long, cylindrical, sulcate, puberulous-uncinate; rachis 7–15(–20) mm long; stipels ca. 3 mm long, subulate, margin ciliate, sparsely or densely puberulous-uncinate on the on the outer surface, persistent; leaflets concolorous, chartaceous, venation brochidodromous, primary, secondary and tertiary veins prominent on the abaxial surface, indumentum densely sericeous on the primary, secondary and tertiary veins on the abaxial surface, adaxial surface puberulous, uncinate hairs covering both surfaces, terminal leaflet 3.5–7.4(–15) × 1.1–1.8(–7.1) cm, elliptic, elliptic–rhombic, lanceolate, oblong, ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, base oblique or cuneate, apex acute, subacute, obtuse or slightly retuse, lateral leaflets 3.2–4.5(–11.4) × 0.9–1.5(–5.4) cm, the same shape as the terminal leaflet. Inflorescence a axillary and or terminal pseudoraceme or paniculate; the main axis longer than the adjacent leaves, 4.9–19.8 cm long, sparsely or densely puberulousuncinate and uncinate, 2–3 flowers per node; primary bract 4–6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, margin straight, puberulous-uncinate on the outer surface, caducous, veins slightly conspicuous on the outer surface; secondary bract 1.5–3 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, margin straight, puberulous-uncinate on the outer surface, caducous, veins inconspicuous on the on the outer surface; pedicel 5–14 mm long, sparsely or densely puberulous-uncinate and tomentose. Flowers 6–8 mm long; calyx bilabiate, tube campanulate, 1–1.5 mm long, tomentose on the outer surface; upper lip bifid, oblong, the 2 teeth joined for ca. ¾ of their length, apex acute, ca. 0.1 mm long; lower lip trifid, lateral tooth lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm long, central tooth lanceolate, 2–3 mm long; corolla lilac or pinkish, standard 5–6 × 5–5.5 mm, obovate, apex retuse or obtuse, maculate at the base, claw 1–2 mm long; wing petals 6–7 × 1.5–2.5 mm, oblong, apex obtuse, without callosities, claw 1–2 mm long; keel petals 6–7 × 2 mm, narrowly obovate, apex subacute, with callosities, claw 2–3 mm long; androecium monadelphous, 6–8 mm long, vexillary stamen partially fused with the other from the base 3–4 mm long; ovary 3–4 mm long, tomentose, stipe 1–2 mm long, glabrous. Loment 2.8–3.6 cm long, stipe 1–2 mm long, uncinate, isthmus marginal, upper suture straight,

DESMODIUM (LEGUMINOSAE, PAPILIONOIDEAE ) IN BRAZIL

Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press • 33 34 • Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press

LIMA ET AL.

lower suture sinuate; articles uniform 4–6, 5–7 × 4–5 mm, obovate-depressed or triangular, not tortuous, indehiscent, subcoriaceous, veins conspicuous, sparsely puberulous-uncinate. Seed ca. 2.5 × 1.5 mm, elliptic, hilum central.

Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Acre: Sena Madureira: Estrada para rio Iaco , ca. 7 km de Sena Madureira , 1 October 1968, fl., fr., G . T . Prance et al. 7748 ( INPA). Amazonas: Humaitá: fazenda do Flávio Néri, a Sul da BR-319, Km 658, 19 June 1980, fl., fr., A . Janssen 496 ( INPA, MG) . Bahia: Barreiras: Serra da Água de Rega , ca. 10 km a Oeste de Barreiras, 2 March 1971, fl., fr., H . S . Irwin et al. 31291 ( UB) . Goiás: São João da Aliança : Serra Geral do Paranã, 3 km Sde São João da Aliança , 23 March 1973, fl., fr., W . R . Anderson et al. 7770 ( UB) . Mato Grosso: Castanheira: Beira de estrada Juína-Juruena , 8 July 1997, fl., V . C . Souza et al. 18423 ( ESA, UFMT); Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade : BR-174, Km 30, ca. 50 km Sul de Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade, 19 January 2009, fl., fr., L . C . P. Lima et al. 521 ( HUEFS) . Mato Grosso do Sul: Iguatemi: 10 km a Oeste da cidade, MS-295, 8 February 1993, fl., fr., G . Hatschbach et al. 58847 ( CEPEC, HBG, MBM) . Minas Gerais: Uberlândia: rodovia BR-050, 25 km a Leste de Uberlândia, fazenda Capão Grande , 13 February 1994, fr., G . Hatschbach et al. 60488 ( MBM, SP) . Paraná: Morretes : s. loc., 6 May 1984, fl., fr., Y . S . Kuniyoshi 4757 ( K) . Rio de Janeiro: Paraty : s. loc., 25 August 1987, fl., fr., L . Coradin et al. 8245 ( K, RB) . Rondônia: Campo Novo de Rondônia: BR-421 sentido Campo Novo-Monte Negro , 3 May 2010, fl., D. Cardoso & T . M . Moura 2937 ( HUEFS) . Roraima: Arimutã: Azimuth , ca. 210 km de distância de Boa Vista, 28 October 1977, fl., fr., L . Coradin et al. 946 ( CEN, INPA) .

Distribution and Ecology:— Mexico, West Indies, Costa Rica, Panama and in South America in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Suriname ( Schubert 1945, Capdevila 1994, Schubert 1980, Aymard et al. 2007, Lima et al. 2010). In Brazil the species is recorded from the states of Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rondônia, and Roraima from forest remnants, wet grasslands and river banks.

Conservation Assessment:— LC (Least Concern), not endangered ( IUCN 2001).

Phenology:— flowering and fruiting throughout the year.

Etymology:— in reference to the similarity of the leaves to those of the genus Cajanus DC.

Common Name:— andu-bravo; carrapicho; marmelada-de-cavalo.

Taxonomic notes:— this species is characterized by the combination of its erect, shrubby habit, striate branches, elliptic, elliptic-rhombic, oblong, ovate-lanceolate, or ovate-oblong leaflets, flowers 6–8 mm long, tomentose ovary, and fruit with a marginal isthmus and obovate-depressed or triangular articles with conspicuous venation.

Desmodium cajanifolium is morphologically similar to D.leiocarpum due to its shrubby habit and flower length (6–8 mm long), but it can be differentiated by its striate branches (vs. sulcate in D. leiocarpum ), tomentose ovary (vs. puberulous or glabrous), and the loment with a marginal isthmus (vs. central or subcentral).

The holotype of Hedysarum cajanifolium was cited by Schubert (1980) as being in P: “TYPE: Amerique Equatoriale, Herb. Humboldt & Bonpland (P, holotype).” This citation by Schubert (1980) can be considered the first typification of D. cajanifolium (article 9.15, ICBN, McNeill et al. 2006). However, material of the Humboldt & Bonpland collection was encountered in both the Pand P–HUMB herbaria. As the original collections of Humboldt and Bonpland are deposited in P–HUMB, this specimen is designated here as the lectotype and the specimen in P as the isolectotype.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Desmodium cajanifolium. A. Fruiting branch. B. Stipules inner surface. C. Calyx inner surface (opened). D. Parts of the corolla from the bottom to top: keel petals, wing petals, and standard. E. Androecium monadelphous (opened). F. Gynoecium. G. Fruit. H. Seed. (A: Pott 11714; B–H: Lima 521).