Stantonia Ashmead, 1904

Achterberg, Cornelis van, Long, Khuat Dang & Chen, Xue-xin, 2017, Review of Stantonia Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Orgilinae) from Vietnam, China, Japan, and Russia, with descriptions of six new species, ZooKeys 723, pp. 61-119 : 61

Stantonia Ashmead, 1904 Figs 1, 2, 3, 4-5, 6-15, 16, 17, 18-22, 23, 24-35, 36, 37, 38-45, 46, 47-57, 58, 59, 60-70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75-80, 81, 82-92, 93-96, 97, 98, 99, 100-110, 111, 112, 113-122, 123

Stantonia Ashmead, 1904: 146; Shenefelt 1970: 266-268; van Achterberg 1987: 20-49; Braet and Quicke 2004: 1515-1582; Chen et al. 2004: 351-367, 531-533; Long and van Achterberg 2014: 408. Type species: Stantonia flava Ashmead, 1904 (by monotypy) [examined].

Mimagathis Enderlein, 1905: 450. Type species: Mimagathis ashmeadi Enderlein, 1905 (designated by Viereck 1914). Synonymised by Muesebeck (1970) [examined].

Bentonia van Achterberg, 1992: 339. Type species: Bentonia longicornis van Achterberg, 1992 (by original designation). Synonymised by Braet and Quicke (2004) [examined].

Diagnosis.

Antenna slender and 1.3-2.0 times longer than body, basal flagellar segments with medial constriction; scapus robust and strongly oblique apically (Figs 33, 45, 79); clypeus normal (but either convex or flattened) and its ventral margin almost straight; occipital carina lamelliform, reaching up to upper level of eyes (Figs 2, 33); malar suture present (Fig. 35, especially in most Indo-Australian spp.) or absent; length of mesosoma 1.2-1.4 times its height; prepectal carina complete, almost reaching anterior margin of mesopleuron; precoxal sulcus narrowly impressed and more or less crenulate (Figs 25, 61, 72); metapleuron not projecting forwards ventro-laterally (Fig. 83), metapleural flange present or absent; notauli complete, mainly smooth or completely crenulate; mesoscutum evenly short setose, finely punctulate, shiny, smooth or coriaceous; scutellar sulcus crenulate or smooth; propodeum convex to rather flat, smooth or coriaceous-granulate, with some rugae or with medial carinae anteriorly and with areola posteriorly; vein 1-M of fore wing straight; vein r-m of fore wing present and partly sclerotized (Figs 82, 94, 96), but completely absent or unsclerotized (Fig. 60) in subgenus Planitonia subg. n.; vein cu-a of fore wing antefurcal, (sub)interstitial or shortly postfurcal, (sub)vertical; vein 2-M of fore wing sclerotized basally; vein SR1 of fore wing straight; vein 1-SR+M of fore wing present, rarely absent; hind wing with 3 hamuli; outer side of hind tibia with some pegs apically, rarely obsolescent; middle leg very slender compared with hind leg (Figs 4, 17, 18, 58), more pronounced than in other genera of Orgilinae; length of first metasomal tergite 1.9-3.3 times its apical width, and its dorsal carinae absent (Figs 63, 85, 103, 116); second tergite smooth, granulate or coriaceous, without depressions; second tergite with sharp lateral crease; second metasomal suture straight (Fig. 64) or curved (Fig. 28); third (except base) and fourth tergites without sharp lateral crease (Fig. 23); ovipositor without notch or nodus; length of ovipositor sheath 0.15-0.7 times fore wing, but 1.0-1.4 times in S. lutea and S. robustifemur .

Biology.

Koinobiont endoparasitoids of Pyralidae and Tortricidae .

Distribution.

Mainly circumtropical, with some species in East Palaearctic region.

Notes.

The subgenus Planitonia subg. n. (with type species Stantonia robustifemur van Achterberg & Long, sp. n.) is proposed for the species with flat clypeus and face, reduced vein r-m of the fore wing and long ovipositor sheath (1.0-1.4 times as long as fore wing). Besides the type species described in this paper, S. lutea ( Szépligeti, 1910) belongs to it. The subgenus is only known from the Oriental region and the biology is unknown. The name is derived from “planus” (Latin for flat, because of the flat clypeus) and the generic name Stantonia . Gender: feminine.

The genus Sulorgilus van Achterberg, 1994, is superficially similar and occurs in the treated area ( Long and van Achterberg 2016). It has vein cu-a of hind wing approximately as long as vein 1-M (vein cu-a much shorter than vein 1-M in Stantonia ), antenna of ♀ shortened (long) and its 15 subapical segments distinctly moniliform (non-moniliform and slender, but intermediate in S. robustifemur and S. lutea ) and hind femur densely punctate (usually sparsely punctate or punctulate).

Key to species of the genus Stantonia Ashmead from Vietnam, China, Japan, and Russia