Amolops vitreus (Bain, Stuart & Orlov, 2006)
|
publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013 |
|
publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C01CD1E8-38F6-4908-93CD-0F7C8259618B |
|
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5122010E-B081-5979-B719-5804C8F1F92A |
|
treatment provided by |
|
|
scientific name |
Amolops vitreus (Bain, Stuart & Orlov, 2006) |
| status |
|
Amolops vitreus (Bain, Stuart & Orlov, 2006) View in CoL
Common name.
vitreous cascade frog, glass torrent frog
Type locality.
collected on a stream bank near Nam Khang River in hilly evergreen forest, Phou Dendin National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Phongsaly District, Phongsaly Province, Laos.
Conservation status.
IUCN: VU.
Type specimens of A. vitreus .
Holotype: FMNH 258182, based on original designation.
Specimen examined.
Adult male (KIZ 050452) collected on 01, August, 2022 by Yun-He Wu, Shao-Bin Hou, and Zhong-Xiong Fu from Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Mengla, Yunnan Province, China (21.73742°N, 101.53935°E, elevation 899 m a.s.l.).
Chinese name.
Based on the type locality, we suggest the Chinese formal name as “丰沙里湍蛙”.
Morphological description
(measurements in mm; provided in Table 1 View Table 1 ). Morphological characters of the specimen from China agreed well with the original description of Bain et al. (2006). Adult male with SVL 38.9 mm; head length (HL 15.4 mm, 39.6% of SVL) longer than width (HW 13.9 mm, 35.7% of SVL); snout obtusely pointed in dorsal view, projecting beyond lower jaw, round in profile, its length longer than horizontal diameter of eye (ED/SL 67.7%); canthus rostralis rounded, loreal region slightly concave, oblique; interorbital space slightly larger than width of upper eyelid (UEW/IOS 92.7%) and internarial distance (INS/IOS 112.2%); tympanum distinct (TD 2.7 mm), rounded, more than half eye diameter (ED 4.4 mm); vomerine teeth developed; tongue cordiform, deeply notched posteriorly; pupil horizontal (Fig. 6A View Figure 6 ); external subgular vocal sacs present, vocal sac opening on floor of mouth at each corner.
Forelimbs slender; length of lower arm and hand (LAHL 19.6 mm, 50.4% of SVL), about half SVL; relative finger lengths: I<II<IV<III; tips of all fingers expanded into discs with circummarginal grooves; webbing between fingers absent; subarticular tubercles distinct, formula 1, 1, 2, 2; two metacarpal tubercles; velvety nuptial pad on first finger (Fig. 6C View Figure 6 ).
Hindlimbs long, tibia (TIB 23.5 mm) more than half SVL, longer thigh length (22.2 mm) and foot length (FTL 20.3 mm); tibiotarsal articulation beyond the snout when the leg is stretched forward; relative length of toes: I<II<III<V<IV; heels overlapping when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body; tips of all toes expanded into discs with circummarginal grooves; fully webbing between toes; subarticular tubercles prominent and rounded, formula 1, 1, 2, 3, 2; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct and oval, outer metatarsal tubercle absent (Fig. 6D View Figure 6 ).
Dorsal skin and ventral surfaces of head, body, limbs, and flanks relatively smooth, with exception of small tubercles posterior surface of thigh; supratympanic fold absent; dorsolateral fold distinct, from posterior corner of upper eyelid to near vent; two rictal glands present; humeral gland absent (Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ).
Color in in life.
Dorsal surface brown, with some dark brown spots; upper lip stripe white, extending from tip of snout to posterior of arm insertion; narrow, reddish brown stripe on edge of canthus from tip of snout among margin of upper eyelid, continuing along upper edge of dorsolateral fold; dorsal surface of limbs light brown with dark brown crossbars, interspersed with small dark brown spots; tympanic region dark brown; throat, chest and anterior part of belly light cream; flank dark brown upper one-third, green lower two-third; expanded finger tips reddish, except for first finger tips yellow; subarticular tubercles on toes, expanded toe tips, and inner metatarsal tubercle dark brown; iris distinctly bicolored, silvery-white in upper one-fourth and reddish brown in lower three-fourths, black reticulations throughout (Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ).
Color in preservative.
After one year of storage in ethanol, dorsal surface fading to grayish brown; black crossbars present on dorsal surfaces of limbs, fingers and toes becoming indistinct; dorsolateral fold yellowish; throat, chest, and abdomen cream-white; ventral surface of limbs light yellow; ventral surface of the hands cream-white; digit tips, subarticular tubercles of fingers, metacarpal tubercles, and nuptial pad fading to cream-yellow or grayish-white; toe webbing greyish brown with dark gray flecking; ventral surface of the toes greyish brown, digit tips, subarticular tubercles of toes and inner metatarsal tubercle fading to greyish brown (Fig. 7 View Figure 7 ).
Ecological notes.
Amolops vitreus was found in rocky, fast-flowing streams at night (20:30-23:30 h) on 01 August 2022, surrounded by evergreen broad-leaved forest. Other frog species observed along the stream included Leptobrachella eos , Polypedates megacephalus , and Xenophrys sp.
Distribution.
This study further extends the geographical range of A. vitreus to approximately 82.6 km from the nearest known locality of the species. Amolops vitreus is currently known in Phou Dendin National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Phongsaly Province, Laos; Muong Nhe Nature Reserve, Dien Bien Province, northwestern Vietnam; and Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Mengla, Yunnan province, China.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.