Cantareus subapertus (Ancey, 1893)

Bouaziz-Yahiatene, Houria, Inaebnit, Thomas, Medjdoub-Bensaad, Ferroudja, Colomba, Maria Stella, Sparacio, Ignazio, Gregorini, Armando, Liberto, Fabio & Neubert, Eike, 2019, Revisited - the species of Tweeting vineyard snails, genus Cantareus Risso, 1826 (Stylommatophora, Helicidae, Helicinae, Otalini), ZooKeys 876, pp. 1-26 : 8-10

Cantareus subapertus (Ancey, 1893) Figs 5-8 , 10-14 , 25

Helix subaperta : Ancey 1893, Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 18(3): 136-138 [la chaîne du Djurdjura, en Kabylie; published 20 June 1893].

Helix mazzuliopsis : Ancey 1893, Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 18(3): 136 [name mentioned in footnote; not an available name according to Article 11.6.1 as it has been published as a synonym and has not been treated as an available name before 1961].

Helix mazzulopsis : 1893, Pilsbry, Manual of Conchology (2)8(32): 238, pl. 46, figs 41, 42 [Jurjura Mts., Algeria; published 1 July 1893; lectotype designation by Baker (1963: 258)].

Type specimens.

Mazzulopsis : lectotype ANSP 63133, paralectotype ANSP 459220. subaperta : 3 syntypes, NHMW 7861, NHMW 7862, NHMW 7863; paratypes SMF 75256/8, coll. Nägele ex Ancey, the original label of Ancey contains the additional information "Dra-el-Mizan, 1893".

Specimens examined.

Algeria, Kabylie: Tiguemounine (Ouacif), 1100 m alt. coll. Bouaziz; Ighil Bourmi (Ait Bouaddou), 950 m alt. NMBE 550458; ditto, le. F. Medjoub, NMBE 555649; Ait Houari (Assi Youcef), 1000 m alt. coll. Bouaziz; Tizi Guefres (Iferhounene), 1100 m alt coll. Bouaziz. The Senckenberg Research Institute houses> 30 shells of this species, all of them from “Kabylie” and/or “Djudjura”.

Description.

Shell medium sized to large, thin, globose with a broad to relatively acute conical spire; protoconch whitish, large, with a diameter of up to 6 mm and 2.5 smooth whorls; basic shell colour olive yellowish with up to five separate brown spiral bands; teleoconch covered by a dense granulation, sometimes accompanied by very fine, deep spirals; teleoconch usually covered by irregularly arranged riblets of even ribs, usually stronger around the umbilical area; periostracum thick, often preserved on the shell in small patches; in eroded shells, ribs and riblets whitish; aperture large, elongate oval, slightly thickened forming a lip callus, with a parietal callus in fully adult specimens; aperture whitish inside, with the spiral bands shining through the thin shell; peristome sharp; umbilicus closed, periomphalum covered by a thickened calcareous layer.

Genital organs.

Penis short, epiphallus reaching at least three times the length of penis, mrp attaching in the distal third of epiphallus; flagellum twice the length of the epiphallus; penial lumen smooth, pp2 a short broad papilla with a central perforation structured by thick annuli, pp1 a blind papilla, the epiphallial pore in a lateral position; distal epiphallial lumen with broad pilasters, the proximal lumen with elongated ridges.

Vagina short, stem of pedunculus thickened and short, diverticulum longer than the vesicle stem + vesicle, longer than the flagellum; glandulae mucosae longer than the dart sac, with a thickened basal part and two subsequent ramifications, tubules thin and weak, less than 10 tubules per stem; atrium dominated by a massive stimulator.

Measurements.

Syntypes figured (n = 4): H = 26 mm; D = 27.5 mm; PH = 17.7 mm; PD = 15.4 mm.

Distribution.

As far as known, this species is restricted to the Djudjura Mts., where it inhabits quite high altitudes. It also occurs in the northern promontory of this mountain ridge.

Remarks.

In the description of Helix subaperta , Ancey (1893) mentioned in a footnote that he already shared this species under the name H. mazzuliopsis with his correspondents. Pilsbry’s shells (1893) were purchased from a shell dealer (see label in Fig. 8E ) bearing the name H. mazzulopsis , which he consequently used! Moreover, Pilsbry remarks: "I have been unable to find any description or mention of this form in the literature"; thus, H. mazzulopsis cannot be considered an emendation or an incorrect subsequent spelling of H. mazzuliopsis . Strictly speaking, he introduced a new name, and corrected his error two years later in the "Index to Helices" ( Pilsbry 1895: 120) with the note "For H. mazzulopsis read H. subaperta . Ancey’s description appeared June 20; that in Man. Conch., July 1".

Figures

Figures 5 - 9. Cantareus subapertus (Ancey, 1893). 5 - 7 syntypes Helix subaperta NHMW, Djurdjura, Kabylie ex Ancey 5 NHMW 7861, D = 23.44 mm 6 NHMW 7862, D = 23.51 mm 7 NHMW 7863, D = 29.44 mm 8 Helix mazzulopsis lectotype ANSP 63133, Jurjura Mts. Shell in frontal (A) lateral (B) and dorsal (C) view (D, E) labels 9 " Helix aspersa ", original specimen of Iconographie (2) 3, pl. 69, fig. 359. Shell in frontal (A) lateral (B) ventral (C) and apical (D) views. Photographers 5 - 7 H. Wood, NHMW; photograph 8 E. Wildner, ANSP; photograph 9 E. Bochud, NMBE; all shells x 1.5.

Figures 10 - 14. Cantareus subapertus. Anatomical details of the genital organs; specimen collected at Ighil Bourmi, leg. H. Bouaziz- Yahiatene, NMBE 550458 10 situs of the genital organs, 46 mm total length 11 partly everted genital atrium with the atrial stimulator 12 distal penial tube with pp 2 13 penis and epiphallus completely opened showing both papillae, and the internal structure of the penial chamber and the epiphallus 14 detail of the penial lumen; note: the needle represents the epiphallial canal, with pp 2 bent upwards to show the ending of the canal. Abbreviations: ag = albumen gland; as = atrial stimulator; div = diverticulum; ds = dart sac; ep = epiphallus; f = flagellum; gm = glandulae mucosae; hd = hermaphroditic duct; mrp = musculus retractor penis; p = penis; pp 1 = penial papilla 1; pp 2 = penial papilla 2; spo = spermoviduct. All figures not to scale.

Figures 21 - 25. Pictures of living specimens of Cantareus species 21 Cantareus apertus: on the left a black specimen with brown shell from Roccapalumba, Sicily, Italy, 15. XI. 2009 (Coll. F. Liberto 5532); on the right a yellow specimen with green shell from Prizzi, Sicily, Italy, 15. XI. 2009 (Coll. F. Liberto 5545) 22 Cantareus apertus, Niscemi, Sicily Italy, 22. X. 2016 23 Cantareus apertus, Niscemi, Sicily, Italy, 22. X. 2016, specimens defending themselves by emitting bubbles of slime and a series of tweeting sounds 24 Cantareus apertus, Foggia, Ordona, 41.313889 N, 15.622222 E, 12.10.2018, leg. G. Martucci (photo / collection I. Sparacio 5031 / 9) 25 Cantareus subapertus, Algeria, Parc National du Djudjura, 1700 m, 11. X. 2008 (Photographs Vela Errol).