Blackburneus, , Pleuraphodius Schmidt, 1913

Dellacasa, Marco, Dellacasa, Giovanni & Gordon, Robert D., 2011, Systematic revision of the American taxa belonging to the genera Alloblackburneus Bordat, 2009, and Blackburneus Schmidt, 1913, with description of seven new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), Insecta Mundi 2011 (204), pp. 1-52 : 16-18

Key to species of Blackburneus

1. Elytral interstriae subserially pubescent. Piceous. Length 3.0-4.0 mm. Mexico (Durango, México, Michoacán, Oaxaca) ........................................................... B. teposcolulaensis newspecies

— Elytral interstriae glabrous ......................................................................................................... 2

2(1). Epistomewithmedianlongitudinal carina, anteriorly furcate; pronotum dually punctured. Reddish testaceous; elytral suture darker. Length 2.5-3.0 mm. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Panama, Paraguay, Venezuela........................................................................... B. furcatus (Schmidt)

— Epistome without anterior furcate carina, flattened ................................................................... 3

3(2). Genae feebly angulate, feebly but distinctly protruding from the eyes; pronotum rather finely regularly punctured; elytral interstriae feebly convex, sparsely irregularly punctured. Piceous; elytra yellowish with juxtasutural interstria, sides and apical third piceous, therein with round preapical yellowish spot, sometimes almostentirely piceous, yellowish only at shoulder. Length 3.0- 3.5 mm. Brazil, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico (Chihuahua, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz), Panama............................................................................................... B. charmionus (Bates)

— Genae round, not or faintly protruding from the eyes ................................................................ 4

4(3). Pronotum irregularly, rather confusedlypunctured mostly laterally; punctures sparser and finer on disc, larger denser and coarser on sides .............................................................................. 5

— Pronotum distinctly dually punctured; larger punctures usually lacking on disc ..................... 7

5(4). Elytral interstriae moderately convex, rather coarsely sparsely punctured. More or less dark reddish-brown. Length 2.5-3.5 mm. El Salvador, Guatemala.............. B. diminutus (Bates)

— Elytral interstriae flat, finely sparsely punctured ...................................................................... 6

6(5). Shape rather elongate, moderately convex; elytral interstriae shiny; hind angles of pronotum obtusely round. Piceous ; elytrawithseveralyellowishbasal stripes, sometimesentirely testaceous, morerarely entirely piceous. Length 3.0-4.0 mm. Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz), Panama....................... ....................................................................................................... B. guatemalensis (Bates)

— Shape stout, strongly convex; elytral interstriae microreticulate, sericeous; hindanglesof pronotum widely round. Blackish, sometimes elytra brownish, rarely orange with or without a blackish cloudy discal spot. Length 3.0- 3.5 mm. Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas), U.S.A. (Arizona) ......................................... .......................................................................................................... B. saylorea (Robinson)

7(4). Upper side alutaceous, thus rather dull; pronotum coarsely, densely subregularly punctured throughout; elytral interstriae very fìnely and sparsely punctured; shape stout and strongly convex. Chestnut brown, pronotum disc and elytral suture darker. Length 3.0- 3.5 mm. Costa Rica, Panama....................................................................................... B. erythrinus (Bates)

— Upper side smooth or superficially microreticulate, thus rather shiny; elytra shiny, at least, on disc ............................................................................................................................................ 8

8(7). Elytral interstriae flat or very feebly convex ............................................................................... 9

— Elytral interstriae moderately but distinctly convex at least on disc ....................................... 16

9(8). Pronotal punctation sparse, more evenly distributed; elytral interstriae smooth at middle, finely subserially punctured near striae. Testaceous. Length 3.0- 3.5 mm. Honduras, Panama........ ................................................................................................................... B. xanthus (Bates)

— Pronotal punctation of large and small punctures coarser and denser on sides ...................... 10

10(9). Eyes notably large, their diameter often at least as wideas one third of the distance between them ................................................................................................................................................ 11

— Eyes not so large ........................................................................................................................ 12

11(10). Clypeus not at all sinuateat middle thus almost semicircular; genae not at all auriculate; pronotal punctation somewhat denser and coarser; elytral striae somewhat more deeply impressed and more strongly punctured. Dark red. Length 3.0- 3.5 mm. Brazil (Amazonas) ........................... ................................................................................................... B. amazonicus newspecies

— Clypeus feebly sinuate at middle; genae somewhat auriculate; pronotal punctation somewhat less dense and less coarse; elytral striae somewhat less deeply impressed, finely superficially punctured. Pale reddish-brown. Length 3.0- 4.5 mm. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela......... B. laxepunctatus (Schmidt)

12(10). Shape stout; elytra more or less widened posteriorly; entirely reddish brown or rufo-testaceous. ................................................................................................................................................ 13

— Shape elongate, subcylindrical; entirely piceous or, at least, epistome, pronotal and elytral disc piceous ..................................................................................................................................... 15

13(12). Elytralinterstriae strongly alutaceouson preapical declivitythus dull; all interstriae, juxtasutural excepted, of the same widthalso basally. Rufo-testaceous. Length 3.0- 4.5 mm. Canada (Québec), U.S.A. (from Michigan south to Florida, west to eastern Kansas, eastern and southern Texas) .................................................................................................. B. stercorosus (Melsheimer)

— Elytral interstriae shiny preapically ......................................................................................... 14

14(13). Fifth elytral interstria broadened at base, therein twice as wide as the sixth interstria; second interstria wider than first and third ones. Pale reddish-brown. Length 4.0- 4.5 mm. Argentina, Brazil, French Guiana, Paraguay, Uruguay............................ B. argentinensis (Schmidt)

— Fifth elytral interstria not broadened at base; second interstria as wide as third. Dark reddish brown. Length 3.5-4.0 mm. Suriname................................... B. surinamensis newspecies

15(12). Head withepistome smooth, almost flat, dually punctured; clypeusanteriorly subtruncate, straight laterally; genae round not protruding from the eyes; first segment of hind tarsi as long as following four combined. Piceous, Length 3.5-4.5 mm. Brazil............... B. indio (Petrovitz)

— Headwith epistome finely alutaceous, moderatelyconvex, irregularly coarsely punctured; clypeus slightly sinuate at middle, arcuate at sides; genae obtusely round feebly protruding from the eyes; first segmentof hind tarsi as long as following three combined. Brownish yellow; epistome, pronotal and elytral disc brown. Length 4.5-5.0 mm. Argentina............................................... ..................................................................................................... B. sanfilippoi newspecies

16(8). Elytral interstriae distinctly microreticuate thus rather dull mostly preapically; distal tooth of fore tibiae, in males, distinctly angulate on proximal margin ( Fig. 118 ). Reddish-testaceous or reddish-brown. Length 2.5-3.0 mm. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay............................... .............................................................................................................. B. richteri (Schmidt)

— Elytral interstriae smooth or superficially microreticulate thus rather shiny also on preapical declivity; distal tooth of fore tibiae normally shaped in both sexes ........................................ 17

17(16). Elytral striae deeper and wider on preapical declivity thus interstriae somewhat more convex preapically; epistome and front evenly, rather finely, not closely punctured throughout; first segmentof hind tarsi as long as following three segments combined. Reddish testaceous. Length 2.5-3.0 mm. Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay.................................. B. caracaensis (Petrovitz)

— Elytralstriaemoderately impressed, interstriae flat preapically; epistomeandfrontpostero-laterally dually somewhatirregularly coarsely punctured; first segmentofhindtarsi longerthan following three segments combined. Brownish-red. Length 2.0- 2.5 mm. Bolivia...................................... .......................................................................................................... B. thomasi newspecies

Figures

Figures 116-126. Blackburneus richteri (Schmidt, 1911) (Hotel Flora & Fauna, Buenavista, Santa Cruz, Bolivia). 116) Epipharynx. 117) Habitus (length ideogram). 118) Male right fore tibia (dorsal view). 119) Habitus (morphological details). 120-121) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view). Blackburneus sanfilippoi, new species (Sierra Ventana, Provincia Buenos Aires, Argentina). 122) Epipharynx. 123-124) Habitus (morphological details and length ideogram). 125-126) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view).