Enicospilus pudibundae (Uchida, 1928)*

Shimizu, So, 2020, The Nepalese species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens, 1835 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae): a preliminary revision and identification key to species, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 67 (1), pp. 69-126 : 69

Enicospilus pudibundae (Uchida, 1928)* Fig. 23

Henicospilus pudibundae Uchida 1928: 219; lectotype ♂, Japan, SEHU, designated by Townes et al. (1965: 330), examined.

Material examined.

18♀♀ 2♂♂: Nepal (2♀♀ 1♂), Brunei (3♀♀), India (1♀), Japan (12♀♀ 1♂) .

Type series: lectotype of Henicospilus pudibundae Uchida , 1928, ♂, Sapporo, Hokkaidô, Japan, 4.VI.1925, Tamanuki leg. (emerged from Dasychira pudibunda L.) (SEHU) .

Non-type series: 2♀♀, Kakani , Nepal, 1-30.V.1984, M.G. Allen leg. (Fig. 23 ) ; 1♂, Sal & 2y forest (330 m), Dharan, Terai, Nepal, 14-15.XI.1983, M.G. Allen leg. ; 2♀♀, U. Temburong (1,700 m), Gn. Pagon, Brunei, IV.1981, I.D. Gauld leg. ; 1♀, U. Temburong (1,500 m), Bukit Retak , Brunei, IV.1981, I.D. Gauld leg. (all NHMUK) ; 1♀, Anamalai Hills (3,500′), Cinchona, India, IV.1956, P.S. Nathan leg. (CNC) ; 1♀, Takadomari , Fukagawa City, Hokkaidô, Japan, 5-19.VIII.2007, H. Hara leg. (MsT) (NSMT) ; 1♀, Yoshigahira , Niigata Pref., Japan, 25.VI.1954, K. Baba leg. (MNHA) ; 1♀, Kurokawa , Niigata Pref., Japan, 22.VI.1954, K. Baba leg. (MNHA) ; 1♀, Oyamada , Machida City, Tôkyô, Japan, IX.2008, S. Ohsato leg. (NHMUK) ; 1♀, Dokan-Shinmichi , Imperial Palace, Chiyoda Ward, Tôkyô, Japan, 27.VII-3.VIII.2010 (MsT) (NSMT) ; 1♀, Mt Futatabi-san , Kôbe City, Hyôgo Pref., Japan, 28.VIII.1990, N. Sugiura leg. (MNHA) ; 6♀♀, Mori , Tôjyô Town, Shôbara City, Hiroshima Pref., Japan, 21.VII.2015 (1♀), 6 (2♀♀), 8 (1♀). IX, 3.X (1♀).2016, 17.IX.2017 (1♀), N. Takashiba leg. (LT) (HMNH).

Distribution.

Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions ( Yu et al. 2016). Newly recorded from Nepal.

Diagnosis.

Head (Fig. 23B-D ): GOI = 2.6-2.8; lower face 0.7 × as wide as high; clypeus almost flat in profile, its lower margin acute to subacute; mandible weakly twisted by 10-20°, moderately long, evenly tapered, its outer surface without a diagonal structure; upper mandibular tooth 1.2-1.5 × as long as lower one; posterior ocellus (almost) touching eye; antenna with 54-59 flagellomeres and 20th flagellomere 2.0-2.1 × as long as wide.

Mesosoma (Fig. 23E ): mesopleuron entirely punctate; scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae reaching posterior end and convergent posteriorly; metapleuron punctate; propodeum weakly declivous, its posterior area irregularly wrinkled, outer margin of propodeal spiracle not joining pleural carina by a ridge.

Wings (Fig. 23F ): fore wing with AI = 0.5-1.0, CI = 0.5-0.7, ICI = 0.5-0.7, SDI = 1.4-1.5; fore wing vein 1m-cu&M evenly curved, 2r&RS almost straight; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell of fore wing as in Figure 23F ; fenestra of fore wing not very long and its anterodistal corner distinctly separated from proximal end of vein RS; proximal sclerite more or less linear, very weakly confluent with distal one or not, very weakly to strongly pigmented; central sclerite absent; distal sclerite more or less weak to absent; proximal corner of marginal cell of fore wing sparsely to uniformly setose; vein 1cu-a subinterstitial to antefurcal to M&RS by less than 0.2 × 1cu-a length.

Colour (Fig. 23 ): body including interocellar area entirely testaceous, sometimes posterior segments of metasoma weakly infuscate; wings hyaline to very slightly infuscate.

Differential diagnosis.

Enicospilus pudibundae resembles E. biharensis , E. maruyamanus , E. nikami sp. nov., and E. transversus , but can be distinguished from E. biharensis , E. maruyamanus , and E. transversus by the proximally incomplete pectination of the hind tarsal claw (pectination of hind tarsal claw complete from base to apex of the claw in E. biharensis , E. maruyamanus , and E. transversus , as in e.g. Figure 2I ) and also from E. maruyamanus , E. nikami sp. nov., and E. transversus by the evenly curved fore wing vein 1m-cu&M (Fig. 23F ) (1m-cu&M more or less sinuous in E. maruyamanus , E. nikami sp. nov. and E. transversus , as in e.g. Figure 19F ). The Nepalese and some other Oriental specimens exhibit a rather wider proximal sclerite and sparser setosity in the proximal corner of the fore wing fenestra than the holotype and Eastern Palaearctic specimens, suggesting that the Oriental specimens are potentially cryptic species. However, at present, I have not enough evidence to describe them as a new species and tentatively follow Gauld and Mitchell’s (1981) species criteria.

Figures

Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov.

Figure 19. Enicospilus nikami Shimizu sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing.

Figure 23. Enicospilus pudibundae (Uchida, 1928), ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing.