Lychnocephalus sellovii (Schultz-Bipontinus) Loeuille, Semir & Pirani (2019: 55)

Gomes, Francisca Maiara Batista & Loeuille, Benoit, 2022, Taxonomic revision of Lychnocephalus (Lychnophorinae, Vernonieae, Asteraceae), an endemic genus of the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Phytotaxa 547 (2), pp. 119-146 : 137-138

7. Lychnocephalus sellovii (Schultz-Bipontinus) Loeuille, Semir & Pirani (2019: 55) .

Lychnophora sellovii Schultz Bipontinus (1863: 372) .

Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra do Vento , 1818, F. Sello (w) 996 (holotype: B †; lectotype: P! [P00683127] designated by Loeuille et al. (2019: 55)) ( Fig.6 E–F , Fig.7 I–P ).

Lychnophora saxosa Krascheninnikov (1922: 160) . Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: in saxosis Serra da Lapa , December 1824, L. Riedel 1126 (holotype: LE!; isotypes: LE! [2 specimens]).

Treelet, rarely shrubs, candelabriform, 0.5–1.2 m tall; poorly branched. Stems 1.7–2.4 cm diam., robust, dirty white, densely lanate, glabrescent, surface tessellate. Leaves sessile, weakly imbricate; leaf sheath amplexicaul, 0.9–2.5 × 1.1–2.2 cm, dirty white, abaxial surface densely lanate, adaxial surface glabrous, except by tuft of trichomes; blade narrow lanceolate or linear, 4.5–12.8 × 0.5–1.3–(2.8) cm, discolorous, mixed venation pattern parallelodromouscladrodomous, primary veins prominent abaxially, secondary veins covered by indumentum, abaxial surface dirty white, lanate, adaxial surface dark-green, lanulose, glabrescent, apex acute, base attenuate. Third-order syncephalium 2.1–4.1 cm tall, 3–4.6 cm diam., composed of 4–6 second-order syncephalia, spherical, solitary, terminal, covered by lanate indumentum, penduculate, peduncle 2.7–9 cm long; tertiary bracts 2.5–3.5 × 0.8–1.1 cm, lanceolate to linear; secondary bracts 1.2–1.6 × 0.4–0.7 cm, lanceolate to deltoid. Capitula 35–100, subinvolucral bracts 0.9–1.1 × 0.4–0.5 cm, deltoid; involucre campanulate, 1–1.1cm tall × 0.5–0.8 cm diam.; phyllaries 3-seriate, outer series shorter than inner series, lanceolate, apex acute, rarely obtuse, glabrous, margin entire, outer phyllaries 8–10 × 1–2 mm, inner phyllaries 10–11 × 1–2.2 mm; receptacle areolate. Florets 7–12 per capitulum; corolla deeply 5–lobed, purple, 1.3–1.6 cm long, corolla tube 10–13 × 0.5–1 mm, corolla lobes 3–5 × 0.5–1 mm, glabrous; anthers 5–6 × 0.3–0.5 mm, purple; style shaft 1.1–1.8 cm long, purple, glabrous throughout except for pubescent upper 1.5–1.8 mm beneath style arms, style arms 1.5–3 mm long. Cypselae cylindrical, 2.8–4 × 1–1.2 mm, brown; pappus setae biseriate, stramineous, outer series 1.1–1.3 mm long, apex erose, inner series 8–9 mm long.

Distribuition and habitat:— Brazil (Minas Gerais, Diamantina Plateau and Serra do Cipó). Campo rupestre, occurring in campo limpo phytophysiognomy at elevations between 1,060 and 1,420 m ( Fig. 8 ).

Phenology:— Found with florets and fruits between the months of April and July.

Etymology:— The specific epithet honors Friedrich Sello(w) (1789–1831), a German naturalist who carried out expeditions in Brazil between 1814 and 1831 ( Vasconcelos & Pacheco 2012). The spelling of this specific epithet is “ sellovii ” and not “ sellowii ”, because Schultz-Bipontinus made an implicit Latinization of the surname when describing the species (ICN, Art. 60.9; Turland et al. 2018), thus this spelling should be preserved over “sellowii”.

Conservation status:— According to the GeoCat analyses, L. sellovii is classified as Endangered (EOO = 4.686, 792 km 2; AOO = 76.000 km 2) according to criteria B2ab(i,ii,ii,iv) ( Fernandez et al. 2020). Individuals of L. sellovii were registered within the limits of six Protection Areas: Environmental Protection Area (EPA) Barão and Capivara, EPA Águas Vertentes, EPA Morro da Pedreira, EPA Serra Talhada, Natural Monument (NM) of Lageado and Serra do Raio, National Park (NP) of Serra do Cipó. Despite presenting a larger area of distribution than most species, the campos rupestres where L. sellovii occurs are considered threatened due to activities that include agriculture, mining companies and human population expansion ( Costa et al. 2008)

Taxonomic notes:— This species is diagnosed by the combination of poorly branched candelabriform treelets, leaves with parallelodromous-cladrodomous venation pattern and heads with 7–12 florets. It is similar to L. canus , L. cipoensis and L. jolyanus due to the leaves with parallelodromous-cladodromous venation pattern. Further information is presented in the previous discussion. L. sellovii and L. tomentosus are the only species of Lychnocephalus that are not endemic to Serra do Cipó, both having a wider distribution along the Espinhaço Range ( Fig. 8 ).

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó , km 129, 1180 m, 17 April 1950 , A.P. Duarte 2631 ( UEC); between km 111 and 128 on road from Hotel Chapéu do Sol , 20 December 1959 , B. Maguire et al 44701 ( US); ibid., estrada de Datas e Serro , 4 April 1957 , E. Pereira 2859 ( UEC); ibid., 11 August 1970 , A.P. Duarte 12817 ( UEC); ibid., estrada São Gonçalo até Milho Verde, até Três Barras , 20 July 1980 , J. Semir et al. CFCR 227 ( UEC)[mounted on two sheets]; ibid., 11 km NE Gouveia, SW of Dimantina, on Estrada BR-259, 5 October 1980 , G.L. Smith et al. 1017 ( NY); ibid., estrada Gouveia-Diamantina , 6 km após o trevo de Gouveia, 16 August 2003 , M.E. Mansanares & C.F. Verola 362 ( UEC); ibid., 32 km de Gouveia para Curvelo, entrada a esquerda da usina eólica, fazenda Barro Preto , estrada para torre da telemig, 17 July 2005 , M.D. Moraes 755 ( UEC). Datas , 20 km antes de Diamantina, entrada à direita, antes da placa do km 609, próximo à casinha abandonada, 18°21’37”S, 43°40’45”W, 1420 m, 28 November 2000 , M.E. Mansanares et al. s.n. ( UEC 117180 ).; Congonhas do Norte, Serra da Carapina (Serra Talhada na folha do IBGE), setor N da Serra do Cipó , 18°52’12”S, 43°44’14”W, 1250 m, 2 March 1998 , J.R. Pirani et al. 4122 ( SPF, UFP); ibid., 18°52’54”S, 43°43’33”W, 1220 m, 2 March 1998 , J.R. Pirani et al. 4147 ( SPF, UFP); Serra Talhada, (braço norte da Serra do Cipó), 11, 4 km SW da estrada Congonhas do Norte-Gouveia , entrada ramificando localmente como “Serra do João Camilo”, rumo ao vale do Rio Preto , 18°15’19”S, 43°44’55”W, 1273 m, 20 January 2004 , J.R. Pirani et al. 5178 ( SPF); ibid., Serra Talhada (setor nordeste da Serra do Cipó), 9 km ao Sul de Congonhas do Norte , na estrada para Conceição do Mato dentro, entrada para Extrema seguindo ca. 11 km, estrada para Lapinha da Serra , 18°56’14.8”S, 43°41’06.1”W, ca. 1250 m, 20 January 2007 , B. Loeuille et al. 78 ( SPF, UFP); ibid., Loeuille et al. 79 (K, SPF, UFP). Diamantina, ca. 23 km of Diamantina, road to Gouveia , 1250 m, 15 January 1969 , H.S. Irwin et al. 22217 ( NY); ibid., ca. 11 km NE of Gouveia , BR-357, ca. 1350 m, 5 October 1980 , J.G. Stutts et al. 937 ( NY); ibid., Liga de Alumínio , 19 January 1971 , A.P. Duarte 13793 ( UEC); ibid., estrada para Milho Verde, a 2 km de Milho Verde ( Norte ), 18°37’S, 43°29’W, 1283 m, 10 April 1982 , E.M. Iesejima CFCR 3587 ( SPF, UEC); ibid., estrada para o povoado de 3 barras, próximo do vilarejo São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras , 15 April 1987 , D.C. Zappi et al. CFCR 10520 ( SPF); ibid., estrada para Milho Verde , 9 December 1997 , N. Roque et al. 415 ( BHCB, K, SPF); ibid., estrada para Milho Verde , 10 km da cidade, 7 July 2004 , M.E. Mansanares et al. 396 ( UEC); ibid, 12 km da cidade, 7 July 2004 , M.E. Mansanares et al. 416 ( UEC); ibid., estrada Gouveia-Curvelo , ca. de 20 km de Diamantina, 18°33’36”S, 43°51’14”W, 1060 m, 23 September 2008 , J.N. Nakajima et al. 4965 ( HUFU, UEC), 20 km sentido Gouveia , 18°21’32”S, 43°41’02”W, 1377 m, 20 December 2013 , D.A. Chaves 132 ( HDJF, UB). Jaboticatubas, along road from Village of Almeida to city of Conceição do Mato Dentro , 3-4 km along road north of “Chapéu do Sol” hotel, 19°19’S, 43°36’W, 1150 m, 10 March 1969 , G. Eiten & L.T. Eiten 10977 ( US). Presidente Kubitschek, along the road between Presidente Kubistschek and Congonhas do Norte , 18°37’11”S, 43°35’53”W, 1165-1179 m, 12 October 2001 , F. Almeda et al. 8433 ( UEC). Santana de Pirapama, Serra do Cipó, acesso pela fazenda Inhame , 18°55’S, 43°54’W, 22 March 1982 , J.R. Pirani et al. CFSC 8128 ( SPF, UEC); ibid., trilha da Senhorinha, 18°56’51”S, 43°45’04”W, 1357 m, 28 February 2009 , D.C. Zappi et al. 1666 ( SPF); ibid., Trilha da Serra Morena , 18°55’03”S, 43°47’24”W, 1248 m, 12 March 2009 , D.C. Zappi et al. 2077 ( SPF). Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, estrada da Usina, 13 km após início, região do Vau da Lagoa , 21 August 1997 , F.A. Vitta et al. 514 ( UEC); ibid., em frente à Fazenda Palácio , na entrada da trilha que vai para a cachoeira na região de Congonhas, 19°17’29”S, 43°33’34”W, 8 February 1998 , V.N. Vaccarelli et al. 4 ( UEC); ibid., lado direito da estátua do Juquinha , km 118, 8 February 1998 , V.N. Vaccarelli et al. 6 ( UEC); ibid., 19°18’55”S, 43°32’42”W, 11 February 1998 , V.N. Vaccarelli 15 ( UEC); ibid ., V.N. Vaccarelli 17 ( UEC)[5x]; ibid., Distrito de Cardeal Mota , 16 December 1998 , F. Feres et al. 98 ( UEC); ibid., rodovia Belo Horizonte-Conceição do Mato Dentro, Alto do Cupim, elevação entre o córrego Duas Pontes e o vale Córrego Palácio , 19°17’16”S, 43°23’43”W, 1236 m, 6 March 2002 , J.R. Pirani et al. 5043 ( SPF); ibid., arredores do córrego Três Pontinhas , 11 January 2006 , A.P. Savassi-Coutinho 972 ( ESA, SPF); Trilha do Travessão , 19º17’28”S, 43°33’51”W, 1196 m, 23 July 2019 , F.M.B. Gomes et al. 9 ( UFP, RB, K); ibid., 19°18’57”S, 43°32’42”W, 1297 m, 23 July 2019 , F.M.B. Gomes et al. 10 ( UFP, RB, K). Serro , distrito de Milho Verde, 17 December 1998 , F. Feres et al. 98 ( UEC); ibid., estrada para o Distrito de Capivari , 18°27’46”S, 43°27’05”W, 1250 m, 29 March 2001 , J.N. Nakajima & R. Romero 3078 ( HUFU, UEC); ibid., Milho Verde, estrada para Capivari , ca. 10 km da entrada, 18°26’37.6”S, 43°45’50”W, 1245 m, 16 November 2011 , B. Loeuille et al. 580 ( SPF, UFP); ibid., EPA Águas Vertentes, serra às margens da estrada para São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras , à 2 km de Milho Verde, 18°26’57”S, 43°29’18”W, 1185 m, 14 February 2014 , M. Verdi et al. 6787 ( RB, SPF) .

Figures

FIGURE 6. Lychnocephalus jolyanus. A. Habit. B. Syncephalium. L. mellobarretoi. C. Habit. D. Syncephalium. L. sellovii. E. Habit. F. Syncephalium. L. tomentosus. G. Habit. H. Syncephalium. A–B., F.–H. by B. Loeuille. C.–E. by F.M.B. Gomes.

FIGURE 7. Lychnocephalus mellobarretoi. A. Flowering branch. B. Leaf adaxial surface. C. Leaf abaxial surface. D. Syncephalium. E. Capitulum. F. Outer phyllary and inner phyllary. G. Corolla, androecium, and style. H. Cypsela. L. sellovii. I. Flowering branch. J. Leaf abaxial surface. K. Leaf adaxial surface. L. Syncephalium. M. Capitulum. N. Outer phyllary and inner phyllary. O. Corolla, androecium, and style. P. Cypsela.

FIGURE 8. Distribution of Lychnocephalus sellovii (triangle) and Lychnocephalus tomentosus (pentagon) (EPA = Environmental Protection Area; NM= Natural Monument; NP= National Park; PNHR= Private Natural Heritage Reserve; SP= State Park).