Sertaneja, Saraiva & Hara & DaSilva, 2021

Saraiva, Nicolas Eugenio de Vasconcelos, Hara, Marcos Ryotaro & DaSilva, Marcio Bernardino, 2021, Harvestmen in the semiarid: a new genus and three new species of Pachylinae (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) from Caatinga dry vegetation, with a cladistic analysis, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 79, pp. 485-507 : 485

3.3.1. Sertaneja gen. nov.

Figs 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11

Diagnosis.

Sertaneja gen. nov. resembles Gyndoides because of the ocularium armature (despite being variable in Sertaneja ), four scute areas, a pair of paramedian spines on scute area II (except S. falcata sp. nov.) and unarmed free tergites. S ertaneja gen. nov. differs from G yndoides Mello-Leitão, 1927a by: (i) the lateral margin of DS with an external row of tubercles slightly increasing in size posteriorly, (ii) presence of the mesal apical seta on the pedipalp femur (Figs 3F , 6F , 9F ), (iii) male trochanter IV retro-apical projection as a straight apophysis instead of a tubercle (Figs 3D , 6D , 9D ), (iv) the absence of a retro-basal apophysis on male femur IV, (v) male femur IV bearing a prodorsal apical distinguished apophysis, (vi) male tibia IV ventral face armed, (vii) glans without ventral process (Figs 5 , 8 , 11 ), (viii) stylus apex bearing distinct projections (Figs 5 , 8 , 11 ), (ix) VP of penis without prominent ventral lobes (Figs 5 , 8 , 11 ), and, (x) 4 pairs of MS A clustered instead of lined up in a row (Figs 5 , 8 , 11 ). It differs from other Pachylinae genera by the combination of the sub-rectangular VP, 2 paralateral pairs of MS D, glans stylus bearing a dorso-apical longitudinal projection and lack of ventral process of the glans.

Description.

DS gamma (γ) to alpha (α) shaped (Figs 3A, B , 6A, B , 9A, B ). Ocularium height at least two to up to three times the size the eye diameter, with posterior face tuberculate, and slightly close to the anterior margin of DS, in lateral view (Figs 3C , 6C , 9C ); bearing a pair of divergent large spines (Figs 3G , 9G ), or a single central robust one (Fig. 6G ). Four scute areas; scute areas I, II and IV with one to two pairs of slightly enlarged paramedian tubercles; scute area III with a pair of distinct paramedian elevations, ranging from acuminated tubercles (Fig. 9A, C ) to large posteriorly curved spines (Figs 3A, C , 6A, C ). Chelicerae segment I posterior face covered with acuminated tubercles. Pedipalp femora with a mesal sub-apical setiferous tubercle. Coxa IV well developed, bearing dense and high tuberculation, with robust prodorsal apical apophysis. Trochanter III with a retro-ventral apical conical tubercle. Trochanter IV with a straight retro-apical conical apophysis (Figs 4A, C, D , 7A, C, D , 10A, C, D ), and a short probasal apophysis. Penis VP sub-rectangular (Figs 5A , 8A , 11A ); glans without dorsal or ventral processes (Figs 5B , 8B , 11B ), stylus with a dorso-apical projection slightly curved posteriorly, ventral face with sub-apical transversal row of trichome-like projections. MS A group generally composed of four to five pairs of paralateral setae, at instances showing asymmetry between the sides (Fig. 8A ). MS C composed by three (Figs 5 , 8 ) or five pairs of setae (Fig. 12 ) inserted laterally on the apical third of the VP. MS D as two pairs of paralateral setae, inserted more dorsally on the VP, between de MS A and C sets. MS E as a pair of paralateral small setae, inserted ventrally near the MS C and D groups. Ventral surface of VP sparsely covered by microsetae.

Included species.

S. bicupidata sp. nov., S. crassitibialis sp. nov., and S. falcata sp. nov.

Type species.

S. bicuspidata sp. nov.

Etymology.

' Sertaneja ' is a Brazilian adjective (fem.) that refers to a woman who lives in the Sertão regions in rural communities often in harsh survival conditions. Sertão is the largest sub-region of Brazilian Northeast characterized by dry climates and Caatinga vegetation.

Figures

Figure 3. Sertaneja bicuspidata sp. nov. (A, C - G) Male holotype (UFPB OP- 163), A: habitus, dorsal view; C: same, right lateral view; D: right coxa and trochanter IV in dorsal view; E: right pedipalp lateral view; F: same, mesal view; G: ocularium frontal view. (B) Female paratype (UFPB OP- 726) habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 4. Sertaneja bicuspidata sp. nov. Male holotype (UFPB OP- 163) right trochanter-tibia IV. A: dorsal view; B: prolateral view; C: ventral view; D: retro-lateral view. - Abbreviations: Pro = prolateral; Ret = retro-lateral. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 5. Sertaneja bicuspidata sp. nov. (UPFB OP- 725), apical portion of penis. A: dorsal view; B: right lateral view.

Figure 6. Sertaneja crassitibialis sp. nov. (A, C - G) Male holotype (UFPB OP- 487), A: habitus, dorsal view; C: same, right lateral view; D: right coxa and trochanter IV in dorsal view; E: right pedipalp in lateral view; F: same, mesal view; G: ocularium frontal view. (B) Female paratype (UFPB OP- 727) habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 7. Sertaneja crassitibialis sp. nov. Male holotype (UFPB OP- 487) right trochanter-tibia IV. A: dorsal view; B: prolateral view; C: ventral view; D: retro-lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 8. Sertaneja crassitibialis sp. nov. (UFPB OP- 171), apical portion of penis. A: dorsal view; B: right lateral view.

Figure 9. Sertaneja falcata sp. nov. (A, C - G) Male holotype (UFPB OP- 481), A: habitus, dorsal view; C: same, right lateral view; D: right coxa and trochanter IV in dorsal view; E: right pedipalp in lateral view; F: same, mesal view; G: ocularium frontal view. (B) Female paratype (UFPB OP- 729) habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 10. Sertaneja falcata sp. nov. Male holotype (UFPB OP- 481) right trochanter-tibia IV. A: dorsal view; B: prolateral view; C: ventral view; D: retro-lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 11. Sertaneja falcata sp. nov. (UFPB OP- 728), apical portion of penis. A: dorsal view; B: right lateral view.

Figure 12. Photographs of live Sertaneja gen. nov. A: Female of S. crassitibialis sp. nov. (courtesy of Leonardo Sousa Carvalho); B: Male of S. bicuspidata sp. nov.; C, E: Male of S. falcata sp. nov.; D: Female of S. falcata sp. nov.