Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes & Gupta, 1961

Shimizu, So, 2020, The Nepalese species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens, 1835 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae): a preliminary revision and identification key to species, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 67 (1), pp. 69-126 : 69

Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes & Gupta, 1961 Figs 2I , 6

Henicospilus horsfieldi var glabratus Morley 1913: 395; holotype ♀, India, NHMUK, examined; junior secondary homonym of Enicospilus glabratus (Say, 1835).

Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes and Gupta 1961: 271; replacement name for Henicospilus horsfieldi var. glabratus Morley, 1913.

Enicospilus (Bicorniata) bicornis Rao and Nikam 1971a: 177; holotype ♀, India, MUC; synonymised by Nikam (1980: 149).

Material examined.

11♀♀ 1♂: Nepal (10♀♀ 1♂), India (1♀) .

Type series: holotype of Henicospilus horsfieldi var glabratus Morley, 1913 (= Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes & Gupta, 1961), ♀, Bihar, Chapra , India (NHMUK, Type 3b.1266) .

Non-type series: 1♀, Dotslghst (900 m), Nepal, 7.VII.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (Figs 2I , 6 ) ; 2♀♀, Kathmandu (4,300′), Nepal, VIII.1981, M.G. Allen leg. ; 1♀, Kathmandu (1,300 m), Nepal, X.1982, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 1♀, Kathmandu (1,350 m), Nepal, VII.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 1♀, Kathmandu (1,400 m), Nepal, IX.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 1♂, Kathmandu (1,500 m), Nepal, III.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 1♀, Sec. Vegetation (1,390 m), B. Embassy, Kathmandu, Nepal, VI.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 2♀♀, Dolalghat (900 m), Nepal, 7.VII.1983, M.G. Allen leg. ; 1♀, Chautara (6,000′), Nepal, 24.IX.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (all NHMUK).

Distribution.

Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions ( Yu et al. 2016). Gauld and Mitchell (1981) recorded this species from Nepal.

Diagnosis.

Head (Fig. 6B-D ): GOI = 2.5-3.2; lower face 0.6-0.8 × as wide as high; clypeus almost flat in profile, its lower margin acute; mandible moderately twisted by 30-40°, moderately long, evenly strongly tapered, its outer surface without a diagonal structure; upper mandibular tooth 1.2-1.3 × as long as lower one; posterior ocellus almost touching eye; antenna with 53-64 flagellomeres and 20th flagellomere 1.7-2.1 × as long as wide.

Mesosoma (Fig. 6E ): mesopleuron densely punctate to closely longitudinally punctostriate; scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae reaching posterior end and convergent posteriorly; metapleuron densely punctate; propodeum declivous, its posterior area moderately reticulate, outer margin of propodeal spiracle not joining pleural carina by a ridge.

Wings (Fig. 6F ): fore wing with AI = 0.6-0.7, CI = 0.3-0.5, ICI = 0.7-0.8, SDI = 1.2-1.4; fore wing vein 1m-cu&M evenly curved, 2r&RS almost straight; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell of fore wing as in Figure 6F ; fenestra of fore wing not long and its anterodistal corner distinctly separated from proximal end of vein RS; proximal sclerite linear, separated from or vestigially confluent with distal one, weakly pigmented; central sclerite absent; distal sclerite present proximally, vestigial to moderately strong distally; proximal corner of marginal cell of fore wing uniformly setose; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.2-0.3 × 1cu-a length.

Colour (Fig. 6 ): body including interocellar area entirely testaceous; wings hyaline to slightly infuscate.

Differential diagnosis.

Enicospilus biharensis is similar to E. maruyamanus , E. nikami sp. nov., E. pudibundae , and E. transversus , but can be distinguished from E. maruyamanus , E. nikami sp. nov., and E. transversus by the evenly curved fore wing vein 1m-cu&M (Fig. 6F ) (more or less sinuous in E. maruyamanus , E. nikami sp. nov., and E. transversus , e.g. as in Figure 19F ), and from E. nikami sp. nov. and E. pudibundae by the proximally complete pectination of the hind tarsal claw (Fig. 2I ) (proximally incomplete in E. nikami sp. nov. and E. pudibundae ).

Figures

Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov.

Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes & Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing.

Figure 19. Enicospilus nikami Shimizu sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing.