Cacostola plotkini Wappes and Santos-Silva, 2019

Wappes, James E. & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2019, New species and taxonomic notes for Cacostola Fairmaire and Germain, 1859 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini), Insecta Mundi 741 (741), pp. 1-20 : 2-3

Cacostola plotkini Wappes and Santos-Silva , new species

( Fig. 1–4 )

Description. Male. Integument mostly dark brown, almost black in some areas; apex of palpomeres yellowish; anteclypeus testaceous; apex of antennomere XI yellowish-brown; elytra gradually dark reddish-brown toward apex.

Head. Frons quadrate; coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence (more pale yellow in some areas), dense on some areas, slightly sparser in others. Vertex and area behind eyes with sculpturing as on frons; area between antennal tubercles (except glabrous median groove) with yellowish-brown pubescence obscuring integument; area from upper eye lobes and prothoracic margin with dense, elliptical yellowish-brown pubescent band on each side of median groove, nearly fused along median groove, with brownish and yellowish-brown pubescence inside them not obscuring integument; area behind eyes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, not obscuring punctures, with brownish pubescent areas interspersed. Genae 0.75 times length of lower eye lobe; finely, shallowly punctate frontally, slightly coarser and more abundant toward side; with yellowish-brown pubescence, abundant but not obscuring integument, shorter than on frons. Antennal tubercles with inner projection distinctly elevated, wide, thick, with rounded apex, concave on the surface facing scape-ball; sculpturing as on frons, except smooth distal area and finely punctate projection; with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument in some areas. Postclypeus with punctures finer, sparser on wide central area than on frons, smooth laterally; with pale yellow pubescence partially obscuring integument on wide central area, glabrous laterally; with long, sparse brownish setae directed forward on sides of wide central area close to anteclypeus. Labrum moderately finely punctate on transverse central area, nearly smooth on remaining surface; with pale yellow pubescence posteriorly not obscuring integument, yellower, denser anteriorly; with fringe of nearly golden setae at anterior margin; with long, sparse brownish setae directed forward at punctate area. Mandibles with yellowish-brown pubescence on basal half of outer surface, glabrous on remaining surface. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.37 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.88 times length of scape. Antennae 3.3 times elytral length (only holotype measured), reaching elytral apex near apex of antennomere VI. Scape and pedicel with yellowish-brown pubescence nearly obscuring integument, with pale yellow pubescence interspersed; antennomere III with pale yellow pubescence basally, yellowish-brown with pale yellow pubescence interspersed on remaining surface; antennomere IV with pale yellow pubescence on basal quarter, greenish-brown on remaining surface; antennomeres V–VII and IX with yellowish-white pubescence basally (this area wider ventrally), greenish-brown on remaining surface; antennomere VIII with yellowish-white pubescence on most of basal half, greenish-brown on remaining surface; antennomere X with yellowish-white pubescence on basal third, greenish-brown on remaining surface; antennomere XI with pale yellow pubescence basally and distally, greenish-brown on wide central area; ventral surface of pedicel, and antennomeres III–V with long, erect setae ventrally, distinctly more abundant on III. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.65; pedicel = 0.18; IV = 1.24; V = 1.28; VI = 1.28; VII = 1.20; VIII = 1.18; IX = 1.26; X = 1.37; XI = 2.26.

Thorax. Prothorax wider than long, sides with rounded, slightly projected tubercle at posterior third. Pronotum with elongate, slightly elevated gibbosity on each side of central area, between anterior and posterior constrictions; coarsely, abundantly punctate, not transversely striate; with wide, pale yellow pubescent band centrally, and sides with dense pubescence of same color; remaining surface with greenishbrown pubescence, abundant but not obscuring integument; with a few long, erect brownish setae near posterolateral angles. Sides of prothorax with sculpturing and pubescence as on sides of pronotum. Prosternum finely, sparsely punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence, denser laterally. Narrowest area of prosternal process 0.25 times width of procoxal cavity. Width of mesoventral process about half as wide as mesocoxal cavity. Ventral surface of meso- and metathorax with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, slightly denser on mesanepisternum and mesepimeron. Scutellum with pale yellow pubescence not obscuring integument. Elytra. Humeri rounded, projected; coarsely, abundantly punctate on basal third, gradually finer, sparser toward apex; with wide, pale yellow pubescent band dorsally on anterior quarter, from humerus to middle, fused with longitudinal yellowish-white pubescent band centrally, from apex of anterior fifth to middle of elytra, then less distinct toward area near apex, where it is fused with moderately narrow, elongate yellowish-white pubescent band on dorsal side of posterior quarter; sutural area close to scutellum and close to apex with yellowish-brown pubescent band; remaining surface with yellowish-brown, pale yellow and greenish-brown pubescence mixed, denser on some areas, distinctly sparser in other. Legs. With yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, denser on tibiae, especially toward apex.

Abdomen. Ventrites with moderately dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, sparser centrally on I–IV, slightly less so on central area of V; apex of ventrite V truncate, centrally emarginate.

Variation. In one of the paratypes the surface of the pronotum is transversely striate.

Dimensions (mm), holotype / paratypes male. Total length, 13.10/10.45–11.55; prothoracic length, 2.00/1.65–1.75; anterior prothoracic width, 2.40/1.90–2.15; posterior prothoracic width, 2.60/2.05–2.35; maximum prothoracic width, 2.70/2.10–2.50; humeral width, 3.60/3.00–3.20; elytral length, 9.10/7.10–8.10.

Type material. Holotype male from COSTA RICA, Heredia: Estac. El Ceibo (10 km SE La Virgen , 450–550 m, 10°20′N / 84°05′W), 7–14.IV.2003, E.G. Riley col. ( TAMU) . Paratypes – COSTA RICA, Heredia: 1 male, same data as holotype ( ACMT) ; Est. Biol. La Selva (50–150 m; 10°26′N / 84°01′W), 1 male, 15.V.2000, INBio-OET col. ( MZSP) ; 1 male, Turrialba, May 14–17, 1974, E. Giesbert Coll. ( FSCA) .

Remarks. Cacostola plotkini sp. nov. is similar to C. volvula (Fabricius, 1787) ( Fig. 5–7 ), C. rugicollis ( Fig. 9–10 ), and C. zanoa , but differs by the longer antennae in males, and antennomere XI slightly shorter than IX–X together. In males of those three species the antennae are proportionally shorter, and antennomere XI is distinctly shorter than IX–X together, and often slightly longer than X. It also differs from C. volvula by the longer and wider projection of the antennal tubercles, and from C. rugicollis ( Fig. 9 ) by the genae being distinctly shorter than the length of the lower eye lobe ( Fig. 4 ) (slightly shorter in C. rugicollis ). Cacostola plotkini differs from C. mexicana (Breuning, 1943) and C. sirena by the distinctly larger projection of the antennal tubercles.

Etymology. Named to thank and recognize David Plotkin, Chief Editor of Insecta Mundi, who has continually demonstrated a “Can Do” attitude when faced with the new and/or unusual demands of dealing with authors. David is not only a talented editor but, speaking as an author, also an absolute pleasure to work with!

Figures

Figures 1–10. Cacostola spp. 1–4) Cacostola plotkini, holotype male. 1) Dorsal habitus. 2) Ventral habitus. 3) Lateral habitus. 4) Head, frontal view. 5–7) C. volvula, male from Brazil (Espírito Santo). 5) Dorsal habitus. 6) Lateral habitus. 7) Head, frontal view. 8) C. zanoa, female from Bolivia, head, frontal view. 9–10) C. rugicollis, male from Mexico (Chiapas). 9) Head, frontal view. 10) Dorsal habitus.