Pseudorygmodus flintispangleri ( Moroni, 1985 )

FIKÁýEK, Martin & VONDRÁýEK, Dominik, 2014, A review of Pseudorygmodus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae), with notes on the classification of the Anacaenini and on distribution of genera endemic to southern South America, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 54 (2), pp. 479-514 : 497-498

Pseudorygmodus flintispangleri ( Moroni, 1985)

( Figs 1–4 , 31–32, 34, 36–40, 43–44, 46–47 , 49–50, 53–54, 57, 59 , 62–69 , 74 )

Cylorygmus lineatopunctatus Orchymont, 1933 (misidenti¿cation): SPANGLER (1974: 246, description of adult, notes on biology); SPANGLER (1979a: 745, description of larva and pupa).

Cylorygmus flintispangleri Moroni, 1985: 150 (original description).

Cylorygmus flintispangleri: ARCHANGELSKY (1997: 67 , 174–176, redescription of larva and pupa).

Pseudorygmodus flintispangleri (Moroni) : HANSEN (1999a: 146, transferred from Cylorygmus ); HANSEN (1999b: 235, catalogue).

Type locality. Chile, Magallanes Region, Fiordo Peel near glacier, ca. 50°57މS 73°45.5ފW.

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: J ( USNM): ދ J // CHILE:Magal. / Fiordo Peel / nr. glacier / 1 Oct. 1969 / O.S.Flint,Jr. // NEOHOLOTYPE / Cylorygmus / lineatopunctatus / dތ Orchymont [red label] // TypeNo / 72520 / USNM [red label]ތ. ALLOTYPE: ♀ ( USNM): same locality label as holotype plus ދ ♀ // NEOALLOTYPE / Cylorygmus / lineatopunctatus / dތ Orchymont [red label] // TypeNo / 72520 / USNM [red label]ތ. PARATYPES: 4 JJ 1 ♀ ( USNM): same locality data as the holotype plus ދ NEOPARATYPE / Cylorygmus / lineatopunctatus / dތ Orchymont [blue label]ތ; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ ( USNM): ދ CHILE:Magal. / I.Desolacion / Pto. Churruca / 5 Oct. 1969 / O.S.Flint,Jr. // NEOPARATYPE / Cylorygmus / lineatopunctatus / dތ Orchymont [blue label]ތ [GPS data ca. 53°2‘S 73°56‘W]. We labelled each specimen with label ދ HOLOTYPE [respectively ALLOTYPE or PARATYPE] / CYLORYGMUS / flintispangleri / Moroni, 1985 / M. FikáÞek labelledތ and also attached the identi¿cation label ދ PSEUDORYGMODUS / flintispangleri / ( Moroni, 1985) / M. FikáÞek det. 2014ތ.

Additional material examined: CHILE: LOS LAGOS: 3 JJ 3 ♀♀ ( USNM): P. N. Puyehue, Anticura , elev. 350–460 m [40°40.3މS 72°10.2މW], 12.ii.1978, P. J. Spangler lgt; 1 spec. (torso without head, prothorax and legs, NMPC): PN Puyehue, Anticura , Río Anticura between Salto Pudú and confluence with Río Golgol, floating: mosses from the stones in the river (submerged+just above water) and the flood debris accumulated in logjam, 40°40.0–40.5މS 72°9.9–10.6މW, 350–460 m, 6.–9.xii.2013, FikáÞek, Kment & VondráÞek lgt. LLANQUIHUE: 1 spec. ( MNNC): Lago Chapo [41°27މS 72°30މW], ii.1985, J. Zuniga lgt. AYSÉN: 11 spec. ( NMPC, NHMW, SEMC): Provincia Capitan Prat, Fiordo Bernardo, northern margin of Glaciar Bernando,48°31މS 73°55މW, Magellanic Moorland:under rocks,sparse vegetation of mosses, by a river on outwash plain, 4.ii.1985,A. C.Ashworth & M. J. Gunderson lgt. MAGALLANES: 2 spec. ( MNNC): Fiordo Calém, elev. 150 m [48°22މS 73°33މW], 15.xii.1960, J. Ever lgt.; 5 spec. ( BMNH, NMPC): Ultima Esperanza, Fiordo Eyre,Ana Maria, northern margin of Glacier Pio XI, 49°14މS 74°5މW, Magellanic Moorland, glacier margin on recently deglaciated moraine, with sparse vegetation of mosses, 10.ii.1985, A. C. Ashworth & M. J. Gunderson lgt.; 8 spec. ( NMPC, NHWM, SEMC): Provincia Capitan Prat, Fiordo Tempanos (Iceberg), northern side of Glaciar Tempanos, 48°44މS 74°03މW, Magellanic Moorland: under rock on open, well drained grass-covered moraine, 31.i.1985, A. C. Ashworth & M. J. Gunderson lgt.; 5 spec. ( NMPC): Provincia Ultima Esperanza, Fiordo Tempanos (Iceberg), southern side of Glaciar Tempanos, 48°45މS 74°03މW,Magellanic Moorland:under rocks,sparse vegetation of grasses and mosses on ¿ord shore, 30.i.1985,A.C.Ashworth& M.J.Gunderson lgt.; 1 spec. ( MNNC):Puerto Bellavista [51°28މS 73°17މW], 12.xii.1979, S. & C. Manrilla lgt.; 1 spec. ( ZMUC): Tierra del Fuego, Cordillera Darwin, 25.ii.1962, E. Shipton lgt., forest litter [precise locality unknown, not included into the analysis of potential distribution].

Larva. Not examined. The specimen described by SPANGLER (1979a) was not found in the collection of USNM (C. Micheli, pers. comm.) and the data on larval morphology used here are hence, based purely on the description by SPANGLER (1979a).

Redescription. Body. Body elongate oval, moderately convex. Body length 3.9–4.4 mm (4.0 mm in the holotype), body width 2.4–2.7 mm (2.5 mm in the holotype). Coloration. Dorsal surface brown to dark brown, metallic, with very indistinctly lightened lateral margins of pronotum and elytra, epipleuron reddish-brown to dark brown. Ventral portion of head black, remaining ventral portions brown to dark brown. Maxillary palps reddish with darker palpomere 4, remaining head appendages and all parts of legs brown to dark brown. Head. Frons and clypeus with rather coarse, sharply impressed and rather dense punctation, interstices without miscrosculpture. Eyes weakly protruding, separated by ca. 4.0–4.4× the width of one eye. Labrum with punctation slightly ¿ner and denser than on disc of clypeus, bearing a transverse series of many trichobothria with sockets as large as surrounding punctation. Maxillary palpi sexually dimorphic, widened in both sexes, extremely so in males in which palpomere 2 is compressed, slightly concave and with numerous disc-like ¿elds on ventral surface. Posterior tentorial pits situated very close to each other, but still distinctly separated from each other. Thorax. Pronotum with punctation similar to that on head, interstices without microsculpture. Elytral series rather distinct, consisting of punctures which are slightly larger but much more closely aggregated than interval punctuation; interval punctation coarse and dense, slightly coarser and denser than on pronotum; interstices without microsculpture. Prosternum with medially widely interrupted transverse ridge. Mesoventrite with slightly bulged posteromedian portion bearing few setae, anteromedian portion of metaventrite without any impression; anterior portion of mesoventrite does not subdivide the posterior portion of the mesothoracic collar. Metaventrite with very sparse hydrofuge pubescence except posteromesal area and anterior of metacoxae, interstices without microsculpture, shiny; postcoxal ridge of metaventrite crenulate. Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites completely covered with sparse pubescence.

Legs. Metafemur and metatibia sexually dimorphic: male femur with a pair of projecting wide low lobes at midlength, weakly de¿ning the tibial groove at least at midlength, female femur without such lobes; male tibia deeply sinuate on inner margin, widened subbasally and subapically; female tibia subcylindrical; claws sexually dimorphic, slightly sinuate in males, arcuate in females. Male genitalia. Aedeagus with parameres evenly rounded apically, without apical widening; median lobe narrowly triangular, gonopore nearly circular.

Biology. In southern Chile, repeatedly found at ocean shore close to the glaciers (once in October, ¿ve times in January/February). All specimens from southern Chile were found outside of water, usually under stones and among mosses and roots of grasses ( SPANGLER 1974; A. C. Ashworth, pers. comm.; Fig. 11 ), one specimen was also collected from forest litter. In the north, SPANGLER (1979a) reported the ¿nding of adults, single larva and pupae from debris and loam among grass roots caught up in logjam and driftwood, in the midstream of Río Anticura (PN Puyehue) in February. The intensive collecting in Río Anticura and surrounding rivers and streams performed by the authors between December 5–9 2013 resulted only in the discovery of one dead torso of the species floated from loam and flood debris caught up in logjams, but no living specimens were found. See Discussion for more comments on supposed habitat requierements of this species.

Distribution. Widely distributed in southern Chile, from the Los Lagos Region south to the southernmost parts of the Magallanes Region (Cordillera Darwin).

Figures

Figs 1–7. Habitus of the species of Pseudorygmodus Hansen, 1999. 1–3 – P.flintispangleri (Moroni, 1985), male from Magellanes: Fiordo Eyre (1 – dorsal, 2 – lateral, 3 – frontal); 4 – same species, female from PN Puyehue. 5–7 – P.versicolor sp. nov., female from PN Nahuelbuta, Estero Agua de los Gringos (5 – dorsal, 6 – lateral, 7 – frontal).

Figs 30–38. Morphology of Pseudorygmodus Hansen, 1999, SEM micrographs. 30, 33, 35 – P. versicolor sp. nov.; 31–32, 34, 36–38 – P.flintispangleri (Moroni, 1985), male. 30 – ventral morphology; 31 – detail of antenna and male maxillary palpus, ventral view; 32 – maxillary palpomeres 3–4 in dorsal view, with digitiform sensilla; 33 – maxillary palpomere 4 in dorsal view, with digitiform sensilla; 34 – punctation of frons next to eyes; 35 – head and prothorax in ventral view; 36 – head in ventral view; 37–38 – prosternum.

Figs. 39–48. Ventral morphology of Pseudorygmodus Hansen, 1999, SEM micrographs. 39–40, 43–44, 46–47 – P. flintispangleri (Moroni,. 1985), male; 41–42, 45, 48 – P. versicolor sp. nov. 39, 41 – mesoventrite; 40, 42 – meso- and metaventrite; 43 – male metafemur and metatibia; 44–45 – detail of epipleuron; 46 – detail of pronotum; 47–48 – detail of abdominal ventrites.

Figs 49–61. Morphological details of adults of Pseudorygmodus Hansen, 1999. 49–52 – maxillary palpus, ventral view (49 – P.flintispangleri (Moroni, 1985), male; 50 – P.flintispangleri, female; 51 – P. versicolor sp. nov., male; 52 – P. versicolor, female). 53–56 – metatibia, ventral view (53 – P. flintispangleri, male; 54 – P.flintispangleri, female; 55 – P. versicolor, male; 56 – P. versicolor, female). 57–58 – labrum, dorsal view (57 – P.flintispangleri, 58 – P. versicolor). 59 – aedeagus of P. flintispangleri. 60–61 – male genitalia of P. versicolor (60 – aedeagus, 61 – sternite 9).

Figs. 62–72.Larval morphology of Pseudorygmodus Hansen, 1999 and its comparison with other genera of Anacaenini. 62–69 – larval morphology of P.flintispangleri (Moroni, 1985) according to SPANGLER (1979a) (62 – general habitus; 63 – head in dorsal view; 64 – antenna; 65 – maxilla; 66 – labium, dorsal view; 67 – labium, ventral view; 68 – right mandible, dorsal view; 69 – detail of clypeolabrum). 70–72 – morphology of clypeolabrum of third instar larvae of other Anacaenini (70 – Anacaena sp. from the Czech Republic; 71 – Crenitis morata (Horn, 1890), redrawn from ARCHANGELSKY (1997); 72 – Anacaena suturalis (LeConte, 1866), redrawn from ARCHANGELSKY & FIKÁýEK 2004).

Fig. 74. Potential distribution (green) of the ¿ve hydrophilid genera endemic to southern South America. The southernmost record of Pseudorygmodus flintispangleri (Moroni, 1985) was not used for the analysis, but is shown here to provide complete data on known distribution of the species.

Figs 8–11. Habitats of Pseudorygmodus species.8–10 – type locality and habitat of P.versicolor sp. nov.(8 – general view of EsteroAgua de Los Gringos, PN Nahuelbuta, Chile.9–10 – details of microhabitat: wet mosses in the splash zone above the water level which were collected and from which the specimens were subsequently floated). 11 – M. J. Gunderson collecting P.flintispangleri (Moroni, 1985) at glacier margin on moraine at Fiordo Bernardo, Aysén Region, Chile, 4.ii.1985 (photo by A. C. Ashworth).