Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) R. Wight ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India, 4. 2:324. 1884.

Aldughayman, Majed, Thorogood, Chris J., A. Al-Mayah, Abdulridha A. & Hawkins, Julie A., 2024, An account of the genus Cistanche (Orobanchaceae) in Iraq and taxonomic considerations in the Middle East, PhytoKeys 238, pp. 281-294 : 281

Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) R. Wight ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India, 4. 2:324. 1884.

Phelypaea tubulosa Schenk (1840).

Notes.

A robust, thick, glabrous plant, (15)20-50(130) cm tall. Lower scales sinuate, imbricate, broadly lanceolate, up to 3 cm long. Upper scales sinuate, ovate-lanceolate, grey, 4-10 m long. Bracts deeply sinuate, ovate-lanceolate, equal or slightly exceeding the calyx, grey, 14-22 mm long. Bracteoles sinuate, oblong-lanceolate, equalling or shorter than calyx, grey, 2-3 mm long. Calyx tubular, pentamerous, usually 1/2 the corolla length, with lobes subequal or one slightly shorter, oblong, obtuse. Corolla tubular-campanulate, pentamerous, lemon yellow to deep yellow, often with violet limb, 34-52 mm long, lobes equal, rounded. Stamens didynamous, epipetalous, densely woolly at the base. Anthers cordate, rounded at the base and acute at the apex, densely woolly. Ovary ovate. Style cylindrical, oblique. Stigma bilobate. Fruit a splitting capsule. Seeds small, black and numerous.

Habitats.

Dunes, gravel substrates, mudstone, or seasonally arid saline habitats.

Hosts.

Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bung, Capparis spinosa , Zygophyllum propinquum Decne (syn. Tetraena propinqua ), Tamarix spp., Salsola spp.

Possible hosts.

Ephedra spp., Limonium spp., Anabasis spp.

Specimens examined.

Iraq: Diyala: Hamrin, near Shahraban, 34°16'06.8"N, 44°48'48.5"E, 8 May 1958, s. col. s,n. (E); Shahraban , 33°56'09.4"N, 44°55'10.8"E, 11 April 1957, Haines Wheeler 847 (E,K); Mandali , 33°42'48.9"N, 45°32'06.1"E, 26 March 1932, E.R. Guest 1742 (K, BAG); 30 km north east Mandali, 210 m, 33°48'35.5"N, 45°34'48.7"E, 26 April 1979, Al-kaisi & Khayat 50782 (K) ; Basrah: 77 km northwest of Zubair, 30°36'12.5"N, 47°00'36.7"E, 19 March 1964, Fred Barkley & Hikmat Abbas Al-ani 6499 (K,W); Near Jalibah, 30°27'57.0"N, 46°52'02.6"E, 8 April 1933, s. col. 5065 (K); 28 km south east by south of Zubair , 12 m, 30°16'33.4"N, 47°47'35.6"E, 23 March 1957, E. R. Guest, A. Rawi & K. H. Rechinger 16875 (K, BAG); 70 km east of Zubair , 30°17'35.3"N, 48°06'29.9"E, 13 February 1973, Turner 47457 (K); Between Zubair and Safwan, 30°15'41.7"N, 47°41'29.4"E, 23 March 1966, H. Alizzi 34341 (K); Rumaila, Toba railway station 20 km west of Ghubaishiyia , 30°32'56.0"N, 47°17'51.3"E, 27 March 1965, Sharif Y. Haddad 9535 (K); 30 km west of Jabal Sanam , 30°08'13.1"N, 47°27'36.6"E, 15 April 1963, Khalid Alizzi 32684 (K, BAG); Umm Qasr Port, 30°01'43.7"N, 47°56'05.3"E, 13 March 1973, Husain Al-ali 39929 (K); Jabal Sanam, 150 m, 30°07'43.5"N, 47°37'09.5"E, 6 March 1961, s. col. 29889 (BAG); Southern desert of Zubair, 30°20'00.0"N, 47°40'00.0"E, 23 March 1957, K. H. Rechinger 5247 (W); Shaib Al-batin, Jarishan, 30°04'06.1"N, 47°09'25.4"E, 24 March 1957, K. H. Rechinger (W); 6 km Southeast of Safwan, 30°05'08.2"N, 47°47'51.7"E, 23 March 1957, K. H. Rechinger 5245 (W) ; Anbar: 10 km N of Rutba, 33°09'48.3"N, 40°15'29.1"E, 28 February 1947, Rawi & Gillett 6326 (K); 10 km from Hit to Kubaysah, 33°38'19.9"N, 42°48'17.0"E, 85 m, 31 March 1976, S. Omar, Alkaisi, K. Hamad & H. Hamid 44354 (K); Ramadi east of Lake Tharthar , 33°29'28.6"N, 43°16'56.9"E, 3 April 1964, Fred A. Barkley & Ramdan Eljumaili 7263 (K); Shbaichan road 10 km north of Rawah , 34°34'24.8"N, 41°56'17.7"E, 260 m, 3 April 1962, Khatib & Hlizzi 31967 (K); 20 km north west Fallujah, 33°23'45.6"N, 43°48'58.9"E, 24 April 1982, Omar & Alkhayat 31967 (BAG); 10 km from Hit to Kubaysah, 33°38'19.9"N, 42°48'17.0"E, 85 m, 31 March 1976, S. Omar, Alkaisi, K. hamad & H. Hamid 44354 (BAG); Between Fallujah and Wadi Tharthar , 33°32'24.2"N, 43°37'13.0"E, 3 May 1957, K. H. Rechinger 11247 (W) ; Muthanna: 10 km south of Samawah, 31°15'03.0"N, 45°17'21.1"E, 20 m, 21 February 1947, Rawi & Gillett 6125 (K); 15 km west of Samawah, 31°18'44.5"N, 45°07'24.0"E, 20 m, 19 March 1955, Ali Rawi 14880 (K); 25 km to Busaiya from Al-Khidr Al-mai, 30°12'23.7"N, 46°20'46.6"E, 200 m, 24 February 1978, Alkaisi, K. Hamad & H. Hamid 48514 (K); Al-Khidr Al-mai enclosure, 31°12'00.7"N, 45°33'11.5"E, 21 January 1978, F. Karim, A. Sharief, K. Hamad & H. Hamid 48066 (K); 50 km east of Busaiya to Al-khidr Al-mai, 30°39'58.4"N, 46°01'13.1"E, 21 January 1978, F. Karim, A. Sharief, K. Hamad & H. Hamid 48034 (K); 13 km west Samawah, 31°19'42.8"N, 45°12'30.5"E, 40 m, 26 March, Ibrahim Al-mahallal 15204 (K,BAG) ; Wasit: Kut, 32°39'07.9"N, 45°45'49.2"E, 19 April 1967, Alizzi & S. Omar 34893 (K); 55 km east of Kut , 32°26'50.8"N, 46°23'40.4"E, 6 March 1963, F. A. Barkley 33 Ir 4055 (K); 5 km from Badra to Kut , 32°33'17.2"N, 45°48'13.6"E, 90 m, 12 March 1977, Al-kaisi & H. Hamid 46525 (K,BAG); 51 km northeast of Kut between Jassan and Badrah, 33°01'52.0"N, 45°54'14.1"E, 5 April 1964, Hikmat Abbas & F. R. Bharucha 2613 (K,W); 80 km west of Shayk Sa'd , 32°35'05.8"N, 46°08'01.5"E, 30 m, 4 April 1958, Ali Rawi & S. Haddad 25520 (K); 10 km east of Zurbatiyah , 33°11'38.8"N, 46°04'38.3"E, 240 m, 13 March 1977, Al-kaisi & H. Hamid 46551 (BAG) ; Karbala: 8 km west of Karbala, 32°31'20.8"N, 44°00'59.8"E, 9 March 1947, Rawi & Gillett 6415 (K); Razazza, 32°37'59.4"N, 43°53'52.1"E, 38 m, 18 March 2019, A. Haloob, Ikhlas, R. Hamshkan & Riyadh 59879 (BAG); 2 km west of Ukhaidir , 32°26'25.5"N, 43°35'30.1"E, 60 m, 12 March 1980, s.col. 51219 (BAG); 18 km west of Karbala , 32°33'18.5"N, 43°53'14.1"E, 40 m, 4 May 1964, Martin L. Grant 18228 (W) ; Dhi Qar: Eridu , 30°49'49.9"N, 45°59'54.3"E, 1 February 1947, Seton Lloyd 6328 (K,BAG) ; Nineveh: Faidah Al-rbaswi, 36°37'09.7"N, 42°58'38.3"E, 7 April 1973, F. Karim, M. Noori, H. Hamid & H. Kadhim 40279 (K); 6 km from Rabia , 36°47'17.3"N, 42°06'55.9"E, 1 April 1973, F. Karim, H. Hamid & H. Kadhim 39944 (K) ; Najaf: Al-Hira , 31°53'18.1"N, 44°29'28.6"E, 8 m, 6 March 2018, Riyadh, Yasin, Dhya’a, Adel & Sinan 59291 (BAG). FPF, chelat-Amara, AL-Mayah and AL-Asady 16122 BSRA. FPF, wadi AL-Tib - Mayah and AL-Asady 15130 BSRA. DSD, Basrah-Nassiria road, 30km from Zubair towords Nassirya, AL-Mayah 1995 BSRA. DSD, Slop of jabal sanam, s.w. of Safwan, Basrah, I.A. AL-Mayah and J.Dehry 1597,BSRA. DSD, Zubair, AL-Mayah and AL-Asady 1404 BSRA. DSD,JARISHAN AL-Mayah and AL-Asady 1418 BSRA. DSD, Jabal Sanam AL-Mayah and AL-Asady 1419 BSRA .