Macrothele hungae Lin & Li, 2021

Lin, Yejie, Yan, Xunyou, Li, Shuqiang, Ballarin, Francesco & Chen, Haifeng, 2021, Five new species of Macrothele Ausserer, 1871 from China (Araneae, Macrothelidae), ZooKeys 1052, pp. 1-23 : 1

Macrothele hungae Lin & Li sp. nov.

Figures 7 , 8 , 13E , 14E , 15B, F , 16

Macrothele gigas Haupt, 2008: 20, fig. 4B (♀, misidentified).

Type material.

Holotype: 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar41862) China, Taiwan, Kenting National Forest Recreation Area, Pingtung County, Kenting, 27.VI. 2013, Yanzhou Tong leg. Paratypes: 3♀ (IZCAS-Ar41863-Ar41865), same data as holotype.

Species studied for comparison.

Macrothele gigas Shimojana & Haupt, 1998: 3♂, Japan, Ishigaki Island, Yarabudake, 24.4405°N, 124.0874°E, 10.IV.2019, Sibagarasu Kurosaki leg.; 3♀, same data as male but 8.IX.2019.

Etymology.

The specific epithet is dedicated to Ms Hung Hsiu-chu, the first elected chairwoman of the Kuomintang in Taiwan, China; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis.

Macrothele hungae sp. nov. resembles M. gigas (Figs 13D , 14D , 15C, D ) by the large size, the needle-shaped embolus of the male, and the apically globose receptacula and the S-shaped copulatory ducts of the female. Male of M. hungae sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of M. gigas by three rows of 22-25 lyral spines on the maxillae, palpal tibia with six spines in prolateral view, and embolic base expansion begins at one of the apical thirds of the bulb (vs 11 lyral spines in two rows, tibia with 1 or 2 spines in prolateral view, expansion of embolic base begins at the halfway point of the bulb). Females can be differentiated from those of M. gigas by having the base of copulatory ducts as wide as the receptacula and the receptacula apically oval (vs the ratio of the width of the base of copulatory ducts to the width of the terminus almost 2:3, and the receptacula apically teardrop shaped in M. gigas ).

Description.

Male (holotype) (Figs 7 , 8B, C , 13E , 14E , 15B, F ): total length 25.63, carapace 13.22 long, 12.23 wide; opisthosoma 15.89 long, 9.89 wide. Carapace dark brown, covered with short setae, middle of cephalic region with a row of setae. Fovea deep, round. AER slightly procurved, PER recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.50, ALE 0.76, PME 0.41, PLE 0.48; AME-AME 0.25, ALE-AME 0.12, ALE-PLE 0.16, PLE-PME 0.07, PME-PME 0.88. Chelicerae red, promargin with 14 stout teeth, basomesally with 22 denticles. Labium brown, with ca 104 cuspules; sternum chestnut, with three pairs of sigillae. Legs dark brown. Leg measurements: I 43.07 (10.11 + 15.83 + 10.20 + 6.93), II 48.44 (12.22 + 16.61 + 11.10 + 8.51), III 41.44 (10.31 + 14.00 + 10.91 + 6.22), IV 61.05 (17.52 + 17.11 + 19.20 + 7.22). Leg formula: 4213. Abdomen dark brown, hairy. Spinnerets: PMS one segment, 3.12 long, 0.67 wide, PMS-PMS 1.55; PLS three segments. PLS 14.10 long (4.30, 4.70, 5.10).

Male palp (Figs 7 , 13E , 14E ). Maxillae with ca 115 cuspules. Palpal trochanter with 25 lyral spines. Tibia with six spines. Bulb nearly globose; embolus needle shaped, expanded at the base.

Female (Fig. 8A, D, E ): total length 40.81, carapace 18.22 long, 16.52 wide; opisthosoma 22.61 long, 13.13 wide. AER slightly procurved, PER recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.52, ALE 0.93, PME 0.72, PLE 0.58; AME-AME 0.31, ALE-AME 0.20, ALE-PLE 0.12, PME-PME 1.16, PLE-PME 0.13. Cheliceral promargin with 11 stout teeth, basomesally with 28 denticles. Endites brown, labium with ca 118 cuspules. Leg measurements: I 59.54 (16.21 + 22.74 + 12.30 + 8.29), II 61.97 (16.40 + 22.21 + 14.93 + 8.43), III 54.81 (13.50 + 20.12 + 14.32 + 6.87), IV 66.02 (17.14 + 22.13 + 18.83 + 7.92). Leg formula: 4213. Abdomen dark brown, hairy. Spinnerets: PMS one segment, 5.12 long, 0.91 wide, PMS-PMS 4.42; PLS three segments. PLS 22.29 long (7.35, 7.51, 7.43).

Female genitalia (Fig. 8A ) simple. Receptacula apically oval; copulatory duct narrow, S-shaped; width of the base of the copulatory ducts and the width of the terminus are nearly equal.

Variation.

Female total length 40.81-51.40 (n = 3).

Distribution.

China (Taiwan).

Figures

Figure 7. Macrothele hungae sp. nov., left palp, holotype A prolateral view B retrolateral view. Black arrow: expansion of embolic base. Black arrow pointing to the expansion of embolic base.

Figure 8. Macrothele hungae sp. nov., female genitalia, male holotype and female paratype A female genitalia, ventral view B male habitus, dorsal view C male habitus, ventral view D female habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, ventral view. Black arrow pointing to the width of the terminus. Abbreviations: CD copulatory ducts, T terminus of receptacula.

Figure 13. Prolateral view of embolic tips of six species of Macrothele A M. emei sp. nov. B M. limenghuai sp. nov. C M. nanning sp. nov. D M. gigas E M. hungae sp. nov. F M. hanfeii sp. nov.

Figure 14. Retrolateral view of embolic tips of six species of Macrothele A M. emei sp. nov. B M. limenghuai sp. nov. C M. nanning sp. nov. D M. gigas E M. hungae sp. nov. F M. hanfeii sp. nov.

Figure 15. Male left palpal trochanter, retrolateral view, and lyral setae A, E Macrothele limenghuai sp. nov. B, F M. hungae sp. nov. C, D M. gigas.

Figure 16. Distribution records of Macrothele species in East Asia 1 M. yani 2 M. arcuata 3 M. jingzhao 4 M. yunlingensis 5 M. undata 6 M. cangshanensis 7 M. yongshengensis 8 M. jinlin 9 M. bannaensis 10 M. yunnanica 11 M. menglunensis 12 M. multispine 13 M. limenghuai sp. nov. 14 M. emei sp. nov. 15 M. sanheensis 16 M. decemnotata 17 M. proserpina 18 M. monocirculata 19 M. raveni 20 M. guizhouensis 21 M. digitata 22 M. nanning sp. nov. 23 M. hanfeii sp. nov. 24 M. hunanica 25 M. hungae sp. nov. 26 M. holsti 27 M. palpator 28 M. taiwanensis 29 M. simplicata 30 M. yaginumai 31 M. gigas.